Effects of a Pre-Workout on Performance, Perceptual Responses, Energy Feelings and Muscular Properties, After a Training Microcycle in Adults.

Effects of a Multi-Ingredient Pre-Workout on Performance, Perceptual Responses, Subjective Feelings of Energy and Muscular Contractile Properties, After a Resistance and Endurance Training Microcycle in Older Participants.

The investigation will be conducted as a double blinded, randomized, crossover within-participant comparison design with two 1-week intervention periods separated by 2-weeks for wash out, recovery, period.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Fatigue; Muscular Atrophy; Psychological; Protein Deficiency; Training Group, Sensitivity
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Pre-Workout Supplement; Other: Resistance Training; Other: Endurance Training

Detailed Description

Following inclusion, familiarization and baseline assessments, the participants will be randomly allocated to receive either a multi-ingredient, pre-workout supplement (PREW) or maltodextrin (CHO). Thereafter, the participants will take a 5-day microcycle, involving three resistance training sessions (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) intercalated with two endurance training sessions (Tuesday and Thursday). After the first interventional microcycle, and the 2-week washout period, the participants will switch to the other nutritional condition for continuation with the second 5-day identical microcycle. Assessments of muscle contractile properties via Tensiomyography on Vastus Medialis, Biceps Femoris Long Head and Anterior Deltoids will be taken before and after each resistance training session. Measurements of strength (Isometric Mid Thigh Pull) upper and lower body muscular power (Medicine Ball Throw and Vertical Jump) will be performed immediately after each resistance training workout. The supplements will be ingested 15 min before each training session, just before completing an energy feeling questionnaire. In addition, the perceptual response to training will be assessed during and 20 min after the completion of all workouts. The contribution of carbohydrate and fat metabolism will be estimated using a gas analyzer via the calculation of respiratory exchange ratio the (RER) during each endurance training session.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 16
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • Avery Hill, London.
    • London, Avery Hill, London., United Kingdom, SE9 2BT
      • University of Greenwich, Avery Hill Campus, Sparrows Farm. Avery Hill, London., United Kingdom, SE9 2BT

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 45 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy (no current injuries).
• Between 45 and 70 years old.
• Active.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Injuries.
• Never trained before.
• Under 45 or over 70 years old.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Pre-Workout Supplement; A 60 g dose of a commercially available pre-workout supplement providing 159 kcal including carbohydrates 15 g, essential amino acids 12 g, citrulline 3.5 g, Arginine, 3.5 g Taurine 1 g, L-Tyrosine 1 g, yerba mate 0.3 g and caffeine 0.4 g. With 250 ml of water.	Dietary supplement: Pre-Workout Supplement; One week familiarisation, one-week training, two weeks washout period and one-week training. 15 Minutes before every training, the Pre-Workout Arm (PRE-W) will take a Supplement shake, consisting of some ingredients (Multi-Ingredient, explained before) and the Placebo Comparator Arm (CHO) will drink a Placebo shake, consisting of Maltodextrin.; Other Names: Multi-Ingredient Supplement; Other: Resistance Training; -Resistance Training days (Monday-Wednesday-Friday): Before training starts, Tensiomyography and Energy Feeling will be assessed (Energy Level, Fatigue Level, Feeling of Alertness, and Feeling of Focus on the task). Immediately after finishing, Tensiomyography and Performance (Vertical Jump, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw, and Maximal Mid-Tigh Pull Isometric Strength) will be assessed. Training Protocol: 10 minutes of standardized warm-up, Strength Circuit training using free weights (Parallel Squat; Bench Press; Alternate Box Set-Ups; Shoulder Press; Alternate Lunges; Up-right Row; Hip-Thrust; Squat on Isoinertial Fly-Wheel or Drop Jump). The participants will have to perform 16 repetitions of each exercise, with 30 seconds rest and 3 minutes rest after every set. If they can complete 16 repetitions easily, 2,5 to 5 kg will be added for the next set. Also, whole-body Perceptual Response will be assessed using the 0-10 OMNI-RES Scale, after every set and 15 minutes after finishing.; Other Names: Free Weights Training; Other: Endurance Training; - Endurance Training days (Tuesday-Thursday): Energy Feeling Questionnaire will be implemented before training. The training will consist of 30 minutes cycling at their Fatmax Intensity (~60% Vo2max) on a Cycloergometer (estimated during familiarisation week). Also, the Heart Rate will be recorded during the whole training. Besides, Perception of Effort will be assessed using the 6-20 version of the Borg Scale every 5 minutes during training and 15 minutes after it has been completed.; Other Names: Cycloergometer Training
Placebo Comparator: Maltodextrin Supplement; A isoenergetic Maltodextrin supplement will be administered as placebo. With 250 ml of water.	Dietary supplement: Pre-Workout Supplement; One week familiarisation, one-week training, two weeks washout period and one-week training. 15 Minutes before every training, the Pre-Workout Arm (PRE-W) will take a Supplement shake, consisting of some ingredients (Multi-Ingredient, explained before) and the Placebo Comparator Arm (CHO) will drink a Placebo shake, consisting of Maltodextrin.; Other Names: Multi-Ingredient Supplement; Other: Resistance Training; -Resistance Training days (Monday-Wednesday-Friday): Before training starts, Tensiomyography and Energy Feeling will be assessed (Energy Level, Fatigue Level, Feeling of Alertness, and Feeling of Focus on the task). Immediately after finishing, Tensiomyography and Performance (Vertical Jump, Overhead Medicine Ball Throw, and Maximal Mid-Tigh Pull Isometric Strength) will be assessed. Training Protocol: 10 minutes of standardized warm-up, Strength Circuit training using free weights (Parallel Squat; Bench Press; Alternate Box Set-Ups; Shoulder Press; Alternate Lunges; Up-right Row; Hip-Thrust; Squat on Isoinertial Fly-Wheel or Drop Jump). The participants will have to perform 16 repetitions of each exercise, with 30 seconds rest and 3 minutes rest after every set. If they can complete 16 repetitions easily, 2,5 to 5 kg will be added for the next set. Also, whole-body Perceptual Response will be assessed using the 0-10 OMNI-RES Scale, after every set and 15 minutes after finishing.; Other Names: Free Weights Training; Other: Endurance Training; - Endurance Training days (Tuesday-Thursday): Energy Feeling Questionnaire will be implemented before training. The training will consist of 30 minutes cycling at their Fatmax Intensity (~60% Vo2max) on a Cycloergometer (estimated during familiarisation week). Also, the Heart Rate will be recorded during the whole training. Besides, Perception of Effort will be assessed using the 6-20 version of the Borg Scale every 5 minutes during training and 15 minutes after it has been completed.; Other Names: Cycloergometer Training

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Tensiomyography	Fatigue and contractility assessment via Tensiomyography will be assessed in Biceps Femoris Long Head, Vastus Medialis, and Anterior Deltoid.	Changes from 10 minutes Previous to post 1 hour after the completion of each workout session
Vertical Jump	Flight Time (measured in seconds).	Changes from 10 minutes Previous to post 1 hour after the completion of each resistance training workout session
Over Head Medicine Ball Throw	Medicine Ball Throw (measured in meters and centimeters).	Changes from 10 minutes Previous to post 1 hour after the completion of each resistance training workout session
Maximal Mid-Thigh Pull Isometrical Strength	Maximal Strength (measured in kilograms).	Changes from 10 minutes Previous to post 1 hour after the completion of each resistance training workout session
Self Perceived Energy Feeling	All participants will fill a short questionnaire (from 1 to 5 points) about their perception of energy before every training. Energy Feeling will be assessed (Evergy level, Fatigue Level, Feeling of Alertness, and Feeling of Focus for the task, valued from 1 = low energy to 5 = high energy).	Before every Training Session and up to 1 week of training.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Whole Body Perceptual Response during Resistance Training	Self Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) will be assessed via OMNI RES Scale (0-10 values) during resistance training (after every circuit) and 15-20 minutes after finishing each session.	Differences between first week and second week of training.
Perception of Effort during Endurance Training.	Borg Scale (6-20) will be used to collect the perception of effort during endurance training (every 5 minutes) and 15-20 minutes after each session.	Differences between first week and second week of training

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Greenwich
• Collaborators: Crown Sport Nutrition; Go Fit Spain
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Joel Puente, University of Greenwich

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 21, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 21, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): March 21, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 16, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 29, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): November 1, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 3, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 2, 2020
• Last Verified: November 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Training; Recovery; Fatigue; Strength; Endurance; Muscle; Supplement; Pre-Workout; Perceptual Response
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Nutrition Disorders; Neuromuscular Manifestations; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Deficiency Diseases; Malnutrition; Atrophy; Fatigue; Muscular Atrophy; Protein Deficiency
• Other Study ID Numbers: UGreenwich

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No