- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT04158908
Giving Information Systematically and Transparently in Lung and GI Cancer Phase 1 (Oncolo-GIST)
Giving Information Systematically and Transparently in Lung and GI Cancer
When advanced disease progresses, there comes a time when an oncologists must explain to their patients that they only have months left to live. During these discussions the oncologist attempts to explain to the patient their prognoses and what it means for them going forward. However the investigator's prior studies shown that even when patients only have months left to live, most do not understand that their cancer is incurable and that it is late/end-stage.
Dying cancer patients who fully understand their prognosis are able to make more informed decisions and are therefore more likely to engage in advanced care planning, and receive care what in consistent with their values and preferences. They are also in a better position to avoid burdensome, non-beneficial care. The investigator developed Oncolo-GIST in order to help increase the number of patients who fully understand their prognosis and its implications.
Oncolo-GIST is an intervention aimed at enhancing clinicians' communication with patients by teaching them to relay information both sensitively and using simple terminology. The Oncolo-GIST training will provide instruction in areas such as how to introduce the topic of prognosis (describe scan results as "worse"), how to phrase the prognosis itself ("likely months, not years"), how to explain expected treatment outcomes (e.g., "not expected to be cured by treatment") and how to describe expected treatments impact on quality of life - that is, whether the anticancer treatment is likely to make them feel overall better or worse. The training materials consist of a manual and a set of videos that act out situations described in the manual.
The first phase of this study will consists of two parts:
- Stakeholder Interviews: The investigator will obtain feedback from relevant stakeholders/key informants on Oncolo-GIST Version 1.0 manual and videos using a version of the Delphi method in which the investigator will interview bereaved family caregivers of advanced cancer patients (n=10) and oncology clinicians who care for patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) and thoracic (lung) cancers (n=10). The information gathered will be used to develop Oncolo-GIST Version 2.0.
- Open Trial: The investigator will conduct an initial open trial of the Oncolo-GIST intervention to 10 advanced cancer patients (N=10) by participant clinicians (n=8). This will help us gather information about the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention to patients and oncologists and also inform changes for Oncolo-GIST Version 2.0.
This phase will be followed by second phased (listed in a separate record in ClinicalTrials.gov) that will include a randomized controlled trial of Oncolo-GIST Version 2.0. The record is titled "Giving Information Systematically and Transparently in Lung and GI Cancer Phase 2" and its NCT ID# isNCT04179305.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Despite exciting recent advances in cancer treatments, there still, ultimately, comes a time when advanced disease progresses, and patients can reliably be expected to have months, not years, left to live. For patients with metastatic cancers studied in the investigator's Coping with Cancer NCI R01s, this comes after progression on 1st- or 2nd-line therapy -- be it chemo-, immune-, or targeted therapy. Prior studies conducted by the investigator have found that oncologists can reliably predict when patients have only months to live (e.g., remarkable agreement between oncologist estimates of months to live shared with patients and patients' actual survival of months). By contrast, patients appear largely unaware of their prognosis. For example, 5% of patients a median of 5 months from death, accurately understood they had incurable, late/end-stage, terminal cancer, and likely only months to live. Dying cancer patients appear to lack the prognostic understanding needed to make informed choices.
Patients who grasp that they are dying (e.g., the 8.6% who "get the gist" that they likely have months to live), relative to those who do not, have been shown to have: a) higher rates of advance care planning (ACP), b) receive less burdensome, unbeneficial care (e.g., fewer intensive care unit, ICU, stays, less cardiopulmonary resuscitation, CPR), and c) more value-consistent care. The investigator has found that patient prognostic understanding is improved by oncologist discussions of life-expectancy, but despite 71% of patients wanting to discuss prognosis with their oncologists (83% adult cancer patients thought prognostic information was extremely/very important), only 17.6% of cancer patients within months of death reported that they had discussed prognosis with their oncologist. Not only do oncologists appear to discuss prognosis less than patients want them to, but even when prognostic discussions do occur, the investigator has found that some approaches (e.g., matter-of-fact) are more effective than others (e.g., vague) for promoting patients' prognostic understanding. Thus, prior work identifies a need to improve communication to promote patient prognostic understanding in a way that oncologists will likely learn, accept, use, and possibly implement more broadly in clinical practice.
To address this need, the investigator developed the "Giving Information Simply &Transparently" (GIST), Oncolo-GIST intervention -- a manualized oncologist communication intervention that simplifies how to impart prognostic information by focusing on 4 basic steps: 1) Giving scan information, 2) Informing prognosis, 3) Strategizing sensitively, and 4) Transparently asking what the patient heard. Unlike traditional emphasis on numerical or medical details, the Oncolo-GIST approach is based on Reyna's Fuzzy-Trace Theory of decision-making, which emphasizes the need for an understanding of the bottom-line gist of a situation. The Oncolo-GIST approach distills prognostic discussions to clear communication of end-of-life (EoL) decision-making essentials (e.g., life-expectancy). 3 specific aims of the Oncolo-GIST approach will be tested in 2 phases:
Phase 1 will consist of two parts: 1) An interview of key stakeholders/key informants regarding Oncolo-GIST Version 1.0 in order to inform refinements to produce Oncolo-GIST Version 2.0. 2) An open trial of Oncolo-GIST Version 1.0 to inform refinements to produce Oncolo-GIST Version 2.0.
Phase 2 will involve a cluster randomized trial of Oncolo-GIST Version 2.0 on 50 patients with metastatic cancers worse on at least 1 line of therapy (chemo-, immune-, targeted), whose oncologists do not expect to survive 12 months. Patients will be assessed in the week prior to their scheduled scan, within 1 week of the clinic visit in which progressive scan results are discussed, and then 2 and 4 months later to explore intervention effects on primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Oncologists will be assessed in the week following that same clinic visit to obtain their impressions of the discussion of prognosis and the patient's prognostic understanding.
In the phase one stakeholder interviews the investigator aims to obtain feedback on Oncolo-GIST Version 1.0 from stakeholders/key informants on an early draft of the Oncolo-GIST manual and proposed approach using a version of the Delphi method in which the investigator will interview bereaved family caregivers of advanced cancer patients (n=10) and oncology clinicians who care for patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) and thoracic (lung) cancers (n=10).
The Delphi method involves gathering opinions from "experts" (i.e., key informants/stakeholders), keeping feedback anonymous, and circulating it back to experts until consensus is reached. Two feedback rounds will occur in Phase 1. The investigator will recruit 10 bereaved caregivers (e.g., family/friends such as widows) of patients who died in the past year with primary diagnoses of GI or lung cancers, and 10 oncology clinicians (oncologists, palliative care physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, social workers and psychologists) who care for patients with metastatic GI and lung cancers to obtain their feedback on the Oncolo-GIST Version 1.0 manual and procedures. Consenting subjects will be provided a copy of the Oncolo-GIST 4-step manual and a survey to obtain structured feedback on content, format, and language, which they will be asked to return within 4-6 weeks. Responses will be reviewed and compiled and returned to experts for additional feedback on the revised manual. A 30-60-minute follow-up telephone or video-conferenced interview of experts will be conducted by study staff within the following 2 weeks to identify important themes that may be clinically useful to incorporate into the Oncolo-GIST 2.0 intervention. Interviews will be audio-recorded, transcribed, and kept confidential. The investigator has successfully employed these procedures in a prior study, the EMPOWER intervention, with cancer patient caregivers (CA218313).
In the phase 1 open trial the investigator aims to determine feasibility and acceptability of Oncolo-GIST Version 1.0 in a trial of 10 advanced cancer patients to gather information of the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention to patients and oncologists and to inform refinements that will result in Version 2.0.
We will consent the 8 available oncologists identified by Drs. Shah and Saxena in the GI and lung cancer clinics at Weill Cornell Medicine (WCM). The PI will assign a number to each of the 8 oncologists and provide these numbers to the study statistician who will then randomly assign 4 of the numbers to training in the Oncolo-GIST intervention and the other 4 to usual care. Ten patients who meet the eligibility criteria will receive care from 1 of the 4 oncologists trained in the intervention. Phase 1 expert data will be reviewed and summarized, indicating strengths and weaknesses of the intervention and recommended modifications. Phase 1 open trial data will be cleaned, collated, and analyzed. Feasibility of patient recruitment and retention and oncologists' ability to apply the technique will be evaluated. Acceptability will be assessed among oncologists randomized to the intervention and their patients. The quantitative and qualitative data will inform refinements to the study design and intervention procedures that will result in Oncolo-GIST Version 2.0. A summary document will identify the main thematic issues raised in gathering of the Phase 1 data and will explain how they will (or why they will not) be addressed in revisions to the intervention. The 4 oncologists trained in Version 1.0 will receive additional instruction to be compliant with Version 2.0.
The details for Phase 2 are enumerated in a separate record marked "Giving Information Systematically and Transparently in Lung and GI Cancer Phase 2" (Oncolo-GIST P2), under NCT ID# NCT04179305.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
New York
-
New York, New York, United States, 10021
- Weill Cornell Medicine
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Sampling Method
Study Population
Description
Clinicians (Stakeholder Interviews)
Inclusion Criteria:
- Currently care for patients with metastatic GI and lung cancers as an oncologist, palliative care physician, nurse, nurse practitioner, social worker, or psychologist
Exclusion Criteria:
- Does not currently care for patients with metastatic GI and lung cancers as either an oncologist, palliative care physician, nurse, nurse practitioner, social worker, or psychologist
Caregivers (Stakeholder Interviews)
Inclusion Criteria:
- Caregivers of patients who died in the past year with a primary diagnoses of GI or lung cancer
Exclusion Criteria:
- Caregivers of patients who died longer than 1 year from the time of enrollment
- Caregivers of a patient that did not have a primary diagnoses of GI or lung cancer
- Not fluent in English
Clinicians (Open Trial)
Inclusion Criteria:
- Specialize in Lung and GI cancers
- Currently provide care at the WCM Lung and GI cancer clinics
- Fluent in English
Exclusion Criteria:
- Does not specialize in Lung and GI cancers
- Does not currently provide care at the WCM Lung and GI cancer clinics
- Not fluent in English
Patients (Open Trial)
Inclusion Criteria:
- Receiving ongoing care (≥ 2 visits) that includes regular scans
- Progression on at least 1 line of systemic cancer therapy
- Prognosis from an oncologist of less than 12 months
- Receiving care from an oncologist participating in the Oncolo-GIST study
- Fluent in English
Exclusion Criteria:
- Does not specialize in Lung and GI cancers
- Does not currently provide care at the WCM Lung and GI cancer clinics
- Not fluent in English
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
Cohorts and Interventions
Group / Cohort |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Oncolo-GIST Arm: Caregivers
Caregiver stakeholders were bereaved family members of a patient who had died from solid tumor cancer in the past year.
Stakeholders reviewed an initial version of the Oncolo-GIST manual to provide feedback and refine the manual for Phase 2.
|
Oncolo-GIST is a brief, manualized communication intervention that guides oncologists in "gist communication" by itemizing 4 key steps in the process of imparting prognostic information. Topic covered include:
The 4-step guide will include brief video-clips of demonstrating each "talking point" with a standardized patient, including ideal scenarios, common pitfalls to avoid, and how to respond to patient reactions that are particularly challenging, such as responding to optimism, death anxiety, and reliance on faith. |
Oncolo-GIST Arm: Clinicians
Clinician stakeholders were physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners, and social workers with expertise in treating advanced cancer patients.
Stakeholders reviewed an initial version of the Oncolo-GIST manual to provide feedback and refine the manual for Phase 2.
|
Oncolo-GIST is a brief, manualized communication intervention that guides oncologists in "gist communication" by itemizing 4 key steps in the process of imparting prognostic information. Topic covered include:
The 4-step guide will include brief video-clips of demonstrating each "talking point" with a standardized patient, including ideal scenarios, common pitfalls to avoid, and how to respond to patient reactions that are particularly challenging, such as responding to optimism, death anxiety, and reliance on faith. |
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Acceptability of the Proposed Intervention According to a Structured Qualitative Survey of Caregivers
Time Frame: From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Acceptability will be determined by requesting and comparing caregivers' responses to the specific phrasings indicated in the Oncolo-GIST manual for oncologists, with regard to sensitivity and comprehensibility.
|
From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Acceptability of the Proposed Intervention According to a Structured Qualitative Survey of Clinicians
Time Frame: From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Acceptability will be determined by requesting and comparing a range of clinicians' responses to the specific phrasings indicated in the Oncolo-GIST manual, with regard to sensitivity, comprehensibility, and accordance with the principles of informed consent.
|
From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Feasibility of the Proposed Intervention According to a Structured Qualitative Survey of Clinicians
Time Frame: From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Feasibility will be determined by requesting and comparing clinicians' responses to the manual's format and content, to determine the extent to which it is implementable in a clinical setting.
|
From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Potential Improvements to the Oncolo-GIST Manual According to Structured Qualitative Surveys
Time Frame: From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Using a version of the Delphi method 14, the responses of caregivers and clinicians will be anonymously amalgamated and compared in order to identify common criticisms of or suggestions for the manual, by frequency or priority, which can be implemented in Oncolo-GIST 2.0.
|
From viewing the intervention to completing the survey, a period of approximately 2 hours occurring 1 week after enrollment.
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
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- Elsayyad A. Informed consent for comparative effectiveness trials. N Engl J Med. 2014 May 15;370(20):1958-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1403310. No abstract available.
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- Tulsky JA, Arnold RM, Alexander SC, Olsen MK, Jeffreys AS, Rodriguez KL, Skinner CS, Farrell D, Abernethy AP, Pollak KI. Enhancing communication between oncologists and patients with a computer-based training program: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Nov 1;155(9):593-601. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-9-201111010-00007.
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- Epstein AS, Volandes AE, Chen LY, Gary KA, Li Y, Agre P, Levin TT, Reidy DL, Meng RD, Segal NH, Yu KH, Abou-Alfa GK, Janjigian YY, Kelsen DP, O'Reilly EM. A randomized controlled trial of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation video in advance care planning for progressive pancreas and hepatobiliary cancer patients. J Palliat Med. 2013 Jun;16(6):623-31. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2012.0524. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
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- Derry HM, Maciejewski PK, Epstein AS, Shah MA, LeBlanc TW, Reyna V, Prigerson HG. Associations between Anxiety, Poor Prognosis, and Accurate Understanding of Scan Results among Advanced Cancer Patients. J Palliat Med. 2019 Aug;22(8):961-965. doi: 10.1089/jpm.2018.0624. Epub 2019 Feb 6.
- Fenton JJ, Duberstein PR, Kravitz RL, Xing G, Tancredi DJ, Fiscella K, Mohile S, Epstein RM. Impact of Prognostic Discussions on the Patient-Physician Relationship: Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Jan 20;36(3):225-230. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2017.75.6288. Epub 2017 Nov 17.
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- Singh S, Cortez D, Maynard D, Cleary JF, DuBenske L, Campbell TC. Characterizing the Nature of Scan Results Discussions: Insights Into Why Patients Misunderstand Their Prognosis. J Oncol Pract. 2017 Mar;13(3):e231-e239. doi: 10.1200/JOP.2016.014621. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
- Shen MJ, Trevino KM, Prigerson HG. The interactive effect of advanced cancer patient and caregiver prognostic understanding on patients' completion of Do Not Resuscitate orders. Psychooncology. 2018 Jul;27(7):1765-1771. doi: 10.1002/pon.4723. Epub 2018 Apr 30.
- Kurita K, Siegler EL, Reid MC, Maciejewski RC, Prigerson HG. It Is Not What You Think: Associations Between Perceived Cognitive and Physical Status and Prognostic Understanding in Patients With Advanced Cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2018 Aug;56(2):259-263. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.04.016. Epub 2018 May 10.
- Cohen SM, Maciejewski RC, Shah MA, Trevino KM, Shen MJ, Maciejewski PK, Prigerson HG. Being present: oncologists' role in promoting advanced cancer patients' illness understanding. Cancer Med. 2018 Apr;7(4):1511-1518. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1389. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
- Morse JM: Designing funded qualitative research. Handbook of qualitative research, Denzin and Lincoln (eds), Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications, Inc:220-235, 1994
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Helpful Links
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 19-07020392-Phase1
- R21NR018693-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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Clinical Trials on Oncolo-GIST
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Weill Medical College of Cornell UniversityNational Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)CompletedCritical Illness | Communication | OncologyUnited States
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Sunnaas Rehabilitation HospitalUniversity of OsloCompleted
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Weill Medical College of Cornell UniversityNational Cancer Institute (NCI); National Institutes of Health (NIH)WithdrawnCancer | Psychological Feedback | Liquid TumorUnited States
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Georgetown UniversityVirginia Commonwealth University; Cornell UniversityCompletedHereditary Breast and Ovarian CancerUnited States
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M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterNovartis PharmaceuticalsCompleted
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Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterRecruitingLymphoma | Lymphoma, B-Cell | DLBCL - Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma | Large B-cell Lymphoma | Large-cell Lymphoma | Mediastinal B-Cell Diffuse Large Cell LymphomaUnited States
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The University of Texas at DallasUniversity of TexasCompletedBipolar Disorder | Cognitive Ability, General
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M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterNovartisUnknown
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Anderson Clinical ResearchLigand PharmaceuticalsCompletedHIV Infections | Sarcoma, Kaposi
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George Washington UniversityCompleted