Mushroom Ingestion Study

The investigators propose to determine the effect of consuming 0, 1 or 2 servings of white button (Agaricus bisporus; most popular, lower ergothioneine) or yellow oyster (Pleurotus citrinopileatus; higher ergothioneine) mushrooms on postprandial changes in plasma levels and urinary excretions of mushroom-specific compounds.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Diet, Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Control; Other: Yellow Oyster -- 84 g; Other: Yellow Oyster -- 168 g; Other: White button -- 84 g; Other: White button -- 168 g

Detailed Description

The investigators hypothesize that consuming different mushroom varieties will elicit distinct postprandial nutrimetabolomic profiles in the plasma and urine and that the amount of metabolites present will increase with the servings of mushrooms. Measuring ergothioneine in the plasma will provide a quantitative outcome to document the postprandial responses to consuming the test meals. The nutrimetabolomic related outcomes are exploratory and have not been documented in human research.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 7
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Jan Green; Phone Number: 765-496-6342; Email: jkgreen@purdue.edu
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Cassi Uffelman, BS; Phone Number: 260-443-3052; Email: cuffelma@purdue.edu

Study Locations

• United States
  • Indiana
    • West Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47906
      • Purdue University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 30 years to 69 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or female;
• age 30-69 y;
• BMI: 25.0-34.9 kg/m2;
• Not severely or extremely depressed (Beck's Depression Inventory score ≤30)
• Total cholesterol <240 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <160 mg/dL, triglycerides <400 mg/dL, fasting glucose <110 mg/dL;
• Systolic/diastolic blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg;
• Body weight stable for 3 months prior (± 3 kg);
• Stable physical activity regimen 3 months prior;
• Medication use stable for 6 months prior;
• Non-smoking;
• Non-diabetic;
• Not acutely ill;
• Females not pregnant or lactating;
• Participants must be willing and able to consume the prescribed diets and travel to testing facilities.

Exclusion Criteria:

• BMI <25 or >35;
• Severely depressed (Beck's Depression Inventory score >30);
• Total cholesterol >240 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol >160 mg/dL, triglycerides >400 mg/dL, fasting glucose >110 mg/dL;
• Body weight changes in previous 3 months (±3 kg);
• Changes in physical activity regimen in the previous 3 months;
• Medication changes in the previous 6 months;
• Smoking;
• Diabetic;
• Acute illness;
• Pregnant or lactating;
• Allergic to mushrooms

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

5

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Control -- no mushrooms; Subjects will be randomized to consume a test day salad with 0 g, 84 g (yellow oyster or white button) or 168 g (yellow or white button) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to serving.	Other: Control; Participants will consume the standardized test day salad only
Experimental: Yellow Oyster -- 84 g; Subjects will be randomized to consume a test day salad with 0 g, 84 g (yellow oyster or white button) or 168 g (yellow or white button) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to serving.	Other: Yellow Oyster -- 84 g; Participants will consume the standardized test day salad plus 84 g (raw weight) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to being served
Experimental: Yellow Oyster -- 168 g; Subjects will be randomized to consume a test day salad with 0 g, 84 g (yellow oyster or white button) or 168 g (yellow or white button) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to serving.	Other: Yellow Oyster -- 168 g; Participants will consume the standardized test day salad plus 168 g (raw weight) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to being served
Experimental: White button -- 84 g; Subjects will be randomized to consume a test day salad with 0 g, 84 g (yellow oyster or white button) or 168 g (yellow or white button) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to serving.	Other: White button -- 84 g; Participants will consume the standardized test day salad plus 84 g (raw weight) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to being served
Experimental: White button 168 g; Subjects will be randomized to consume a test day salad with 0 g, 84 g (yellow oyster or white button) or 168 g (yellow or white button) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to serving.	Other: White button -- 168 g; Participants will consume the standardized test day salad plus 168 g (raw weight) mushrooms. Mushrooms will be cooked prior to being served

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in plasma glucose	Plasma will be assessed for glucose values prior to salad consumption and in response to the test day meal	5 hours
Change in plasma insulin	Plasma will be assessed for insulin values prior to salad consumption and in response to the test day meal	5 hours
Plasma metabolomics	Plasma will be assessed for metabolomics (i.e. ergothioneine) via reverse phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry	5 hours
Plasma ergothioneine	Plasma will be assessed for ergothioneine concentration, a compound unique to mushrooms	5 hours
Plasma triglycerides	Plasma will be assessed for triglyceride values at the time of salad consumption and at each hour for 5 hours after salad consumption	5 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Purdue University
• Collaborators: Mushroom Council
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Wayne Campbell, PhD, Purdue University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 15, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 21, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): May 21, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 18, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 4, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): February 5, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 16, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 15, 2024
• Last Verified: February 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Metabolomics; Mediterranean; Mushrooms
• Other Study ID Numbers: IRB-2019-645

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No