Assessing Hydroxychloroquine in Patients With SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

A Randomized-Control Pilot Study to Assess Hydroxychloroquine in Patients Infected With SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)

This is a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, pilot study to assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of patients with lower respiratory tract SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Study Overview

• Status: Withdrawn
• Conditions: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Hydroxychloroquine; Drug: Placebo

Detailed Description

A total of 40 participants are planned for enrollment. Those enrolled into this study will be randomized 1:1 to receive either hydroxychloroquine or placebo control.

Participants will receive their study intervention for 5 days, after which they will be considered off protocol- directed therapy and receive medical management of their disease according to institutional standards. Participants may be followed for up to 180 days from initiating protocol therapy for clinical outcome, after which they will discontinue study participation.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Oregon
    • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97239
      • Oregon Health and Science University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
2. Individuals aged ≥ 18 years of all races and ethnic groups.
3. Must have documented positive test result for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19), or high clinical suspicion for SARS-CoV-2 based on presence of typical clinical findings (e.g., fever, respiratory symptoms, pulmonary abnormalities on chest X-ray or CT scan), lack of alternative diagnosis, and history of exposure to a known case of SARS-CoV- 2 infection within the past 14 days
4. Not receiving institutional therapy for treatment of SARS-CoV-2, including (but not limited to) remdesivir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, or any other investigational agent(s).

5. Must meet at least one of the following clinical stratifications:

   1. Have at least 1 minor criterion per ATS criteria (refer to Appendix A), or
   2. Have fever, respiratory symptoms, with pneumonia visible on chest imaging (e.g., X-ray or computed tomography [CT]), or
   3. High risk for poor outcome, as defined by any one of the following:

   i. Age ≥ 60 years old ii. Underlying medical comorbidities, defined as:

   • Serious cardiovascular disease
   • Poorly controlled diabetes (i.e., A1c levels >7%)
   • Chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis
   • Significant liver disease (Pugh-Child B or C)
   • Severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 40)
   • Chronic respiratory disease (e.g., COPD)
   • Hypertension, defined as blood pressure ≥ 140 / 90 mmHg iii. Solid organ or stem cell transplant recipient iv. Diagnosis of solid or hematologic malignancy being treated with systemic chemotherapy v. Receipt of biologic agent or prednisone > 0.5 mg/kg/day (or equivalent)
6. Patient must be within 5 days of symptom onset, as determined by clinical team.
7. Participants with preexisting auditory damage are allowed.
8. Participants with a history of epilepsy are allowed.
9. Female participants of childbearing potential (FOCBP) must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (per institutional standards) prior to the start of study drug.
10. FOCBP must agree to use highly-effective method(s) of contraception (Appendix B) during the study and for 1 months after the last dose of study drug. FOCBP are those who have not been surgically sterilized or have not been free from menses for >1 year without an alternative medical cause.
11. Male participants must agree to use an adequate method of contraception (Appendix B) starting with the first dose of study therapy through at least 1 months after the last dose of study drug.
12. Participant must agree to not breastfeed during the study or for 30 days after the last dose of study treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. The patient has serious and/or uncontrolled preexisting medical condition(s) that, in the judgment of the investigator, would preclude participation in this study.
2. Judgment by the investigator that the patient should not participate in the study if the patient is unlikely to comply with study procedures, restrictions and requirements.
3. Psychiatric illness/social situations, or any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with evaluation of study treatment or interpretation of participant safety or study results, or substantially increase risk of incurring AEs, or compromise the ability of the patient to give written informed consent.
4. Resting ECG indicating uncontrolled, potentially reversible cardiac conditions, as judged by the investigator (e.g., unstable ischemia, uncontrolled symptomatic arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, QTcF prolongation >500 ms, electrolyte disturbances, etc.), or participants with congenital long QT syndrome
5. Patients with Myesthenia Gravis or other neuromuscular disorders

6. Patients with history of psoriasis.

   a. May be waived at the discretion of the PI

7. Patients with history of porphyria

   a. May be waived at the discretion of the PI

8. Concomitant use of other antiviral agents for the study's duration, but may be waived at discretion of the Principal Investigator
9. Hypersensitivity to the study agent, or any of its excipients.
10. Females who are pregnant or lactating.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Hydroxychloroquine; 400 mg bid (PO) Day 1, followed by 200 mg bid (PO) Day 2 through Day 5	Drug: Hydroxychloroquine; Hydroxychloroquine is more polar, less lipophilic, and has more difficulty diffusing across cell membranes than the parent compound, chloroquine. These characteristics result in hydroxychloroquine having a longer half-life, comparatively lower toxicity to chloroquine, as well as fewer concerns pertaining to drug-drug interactions
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; Placebo pill bid (PO) Day 1 through Day 5 of the treatment period	Drug: Placebo; A placebo is a pill that looks like the study drug but has no real medicine in it.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Clinical Status at Day 5 Assessed by a 6-Point Ordinal Scale	A 6-point ordinal scale ranging from "Death" to "Not hospitalized with full resumption of normal activities" is used to evaluate differences in the clinical status between participants that receive placebo vs hydroxychloroquine	Day 5

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants with Detectable SARS-CoV-2 Virus from Day 0 to Day 28 and at Day 5	Assess differences in SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding between participants that receive placebo vs hydroxychloroquine	Day 0 to Day 28 and at Day 5
Toxicity of Study Drug Assessed by Incidence of Adverse Events	Assess by incidence of Grade 3, Grade 4, and Serious Adverse Events (AEs)	Day 0 to Day 28

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Duration of Initial Hospitalization	Assess length of hospitalization	Day 0 to Day 28
Mortality During Follow-Up	Assess number of deaths during study follow-up	Day 0 to Day 28
Mortality During Initial Hospitalization	Assess number of deaths in the hospital during initial hospitalization	Day 0 to Day 28
Incidence of New Hospital Resource Utilization	Assessing utilization of hospital resources	Day 0 to Day 28
Duration of Hospital Resource Utilization	Assessing duration of hospital resource utilization	Day 0 to Day 28
Changes in Cytokine Profile	Provide preliminary characterization of differences in inflammatory response between participants that receive placebo vs hydroxychloroquine	Day 0 to Day 28

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Oregon Health and Science University
• Collaborators: OHSU Knight Cancer Institute
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Marcel Curlin, MD, Oregon Health and Science University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Anticipated): August 1, 2020
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): March 1, 2021
• Study Completion (Anticipated): September 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 24, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 24, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): April 27, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 29, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 27, 2020
• Last Verified: October 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus; COVID-19; Hydroxychloroquine
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Coronavirus Infections; Coronaviridae Infections; Nidovirales Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumonia; Lung Diseases; COVID-19; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antirheumatic Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Antimalarials; Hydroxychloroquine
• Other Study ID Numbers: STUDY00021303

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article, after the identification
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Beginning 3 months and ending 5 years following article publication
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Anyone who wishes to access the data for any purpose. Data may be obtained by contacting the corresponding author of the relevant publication
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No