Influenza Vaccination, ACEI and ARB in the Evolution of SARS-CoV2 Infection

March 23, 2026 updated by: Anna Puigdellívol-Sánchez, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa

Evaluation of Influenza Vaccination and Treatment With ACEI and ARB in the Evolution of SARS-CoV2 Infection

Some authors have proposed the use of the flu vaccine to reduce the severity of COVID-19 cases, while some have proposed the use of ACE Inhibitors (ACEI) or Angiotensin Receptor blockers (ARB), since this virus shares hemagglutinin as a transmission mechanism and acts on the ACE2 enzyme during infection.

Other authors described how none of the elderly patients receiving antihistamines and azythromycin in two nursing homes in Toledo -Spain- during the first wave died or needed hospital admission, even considering that 100% of residents had a positive serological test after that wave. Other authors have described a positive evolution in patients receiving amantadine for their Parkinson's disease.

The aim is to evaluate whether the admitted patients who are previously vaccinated or those who were already receiving these treatments showed a better evolution.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The number COVID cases would be related to hospital admissions. Among hospital admissions, the number of previous treatments, the length of admission, the need or not of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and their final status (survivors or non survivors) would be studied.

If patients that previously received the influenza vaccine or treated with ACEI, ARB, antihistamines or amantadine showed a better evolution, it would be proposed to extend vaccination and the inclusion of ACE inhibitors, ARB, antihistamines or amantadine in the treatment of infection.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

3000

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • Spain
    • Barcelona
      • Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain, 08227
        • Recruiting
        • Hospital de Terrassa
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

All hospital admissions in the Hospital of Terrassa from March 1, 2020 were innitially included.

Population of reference: the population assigned to the Terrassa Health Consortium population.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Hospital Admissions at the Hospital of Terrassa from March 1, 2020 for any cause.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None.
  • For comparison of percentage of Influenza vaccination, ACEI and ARB vs general population, patients from outside the reference area of the Terrassa Health Consortium would be excluded.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Other
  • Time Perspectives: Other

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Hospital admissions, postcovid syndrome and thrombosis among COVID cases in CST population

Observation of patient characteristics of hospital incomes in Hospital of Terrassa from March 1, 2020.

No intervention is performed.
Drug: Antihistamine
No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.
Other Names:
  • Antihistamines for COVID
Drug: Amantadine
No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study
Other Names:
  • Amantadine for COVID
Drug: ACEI
No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.
Other Names:
  • ACEI and COVID
Drug: ARB
No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.
Other Names:
  • ARB and COVID
Other: Influenza vaccine and COVID
No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.
Evolution of COVID cases in patients receiving antihistamines

COVID cases, hospital admissions, postcovid syndrome, thrombosis and deaths related to COVID from march 1, 2020 in patients of the participating institutions receiving chronic treatment with antihistamines.

No intervention is performed.
Drug: Antihistamine
No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study.
Other Names:
  • Antihistamines for COVID
Evolution of COVID cases in patients receiving amantadine.

COVID cases, hospital admissions, postcovid syndrome, thrombosis and deaths related to COVID from march 1, 2020 in patients of the participating institutions receiving chronic treatment with amantadine.

No intervention is performed.
Drug: Amantadine
No intervention is performed. We propose an observational study
Other Names:
  • Amantadine for COVID

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
hospital output
Time Frame: from March 1, 2020.
exitus vs hospital output
from March 1, 2020.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
hospital stay
Time Frame: From March 1, 2020.
length of the hospital stay
From March 1, 2020.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa

Collaborators

Institut Català de la Salut
Fundacio d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol i Gurina

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Anna Puigdellívol-Sánchez, Ph D, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

March 1, 2020

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 19, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

February 24, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 28, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 28, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

April 29, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 25, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 23, 2026

Last Verified

March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 02-20-161-021
  • 02-22-161-060 (Idem + antihistamines, amantadine in the evolution of COVID)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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