Impact of Nuun Electrolyte Tablets on Hydration Status in Active Men and Women

Impact of Nuun Electrolyte Tablets on Hydration Status in Active Men and Women: Single-blinded Study

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Nuun electrolyte tablets on hydration status in young and active men and women. We will follow a similar approach as used by Maughan and colleagues (2016) to measure the beverage hydration index (the relative amount of urine passed after consumption of a drink compared to water). It is hypothesized that Nuun electrolyte tablets will result in a greater hydration status as compared to water only. Due to the fact that athletes use Nuun tablets at varying dosages, we will evaluate Nuun at both a single dosage and a double dosage. We maintain a non-directional hypothesis regarding the potential differences between the two different dosages tested.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hydration
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Nuun electrolyte tablet; Other: water

Detailed Description

Maintaining adequate hydration is essential to optimal health and athletic performance. When individuals exercise (in particular in a warm environment), they can lose excessive amounts of fluids through sweating, along with necessary electrolytes (e.g., sodium, potassium, chloride). With dehydration, individuals may feel sluggish and can experience impaired physical performance.

Many attempts have been made to improve and measure the hydration status of active individuals. This typically involves the ingestion of fluids leading up to activity (typically plain water), as well as the ingestion of fluids during the activity itself (water, along with a diluted carbohydrate/electrolyte beverage). This approach seems to work well; however, some debate remains over what the best fluid is to consume, in particular related to the macronutrient type and the specific electrolyte mix.

Related to the above, it is well-accepted that electrolyte replenishment is of importance, both during and following exercise-to aid in rehydration for subsequent bouts. The use of electrolytes (sodium in particular) has been used for decades to aid athlete hydration and has led to the development of various sport drinks-which also include small amounts of carbohydrate. However, one problem with carbohydrate ingestion is that some individuals experience gastrointestinal (GI) upset following carbohydrate ingestion before and during an event, despite very good physical performance outcomes. Due to this GI upset, some individuals (in particular recreationally active individuals who are not competing at high levels) rely solely on water and seek a method to ingest the lost electrolytes. In addition, some individuals prefer to have both plain water and an electrolyte beverage during their training/competition sessions and in some activities (e.g., running, cycling), carrying multiple bottles of fluid is difficult.

The solution to the above issues for many athletes is the use of electrolyte tablets. These can be dropped into plain water and will dissolve into a flavored electrolyte-rich beverage. They are easy to transport and provide the needed electrolytes to replace those that are lost through intense and/or long duration exercise.

Nuun electrolyte tablets provide only 2 grams of carbohydrate and a combination of electrolytes, provided at a relatively low percentage of the Daily Value (DV). The DV tells us how much a particular nutrient in a serving of a food product contributes to a daily diet, based on a standard 2000 calorie diet. Nuun tablets contain: calcium (13mg, 1%DV), sodium (300mg, 13%DV), potassium (150mg, 3%DV), magnesium (25mg, 6%DV), and chloride (40mg, 2%DV). These tablets contain a small percentage of the needed total electrolytes but adequate amounts to replace lost electrolytes as a result of physical activity.

While Nuun tablets are commercially available and have received positive reviews from end users, there have been no studies to date to evaluate the impact of these tablets on hydration status. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of Nuun electrolyte tablets on hydration status in young and active men and women. We will follow a similar approach as used by Maughan and colleagues to measure the beverage hydration index (the relative amount of urine passed after consumption of a drink compared to water). It is hypothesized that Nuun electrolyte tablets will result in a greater hydration status as compared to water only. Due to the fact that athletes use Nuun tablets at varying dosages, we will evaluate Nuun at both a single dosage and a double dosage. We maintain a non-directional hypothesis regarding the potential differences between the two different dosages tested.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 20
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Tennessee
    • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38152
      • Center for Nutraceutical and Dietary Supplement Research

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 45 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI between 18.5 and 29.9 kg/m2 (not obese)
• Consumes 2 liters of water daily
• Exercised 3 hours/week over the past 6 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• Obese
• Pregnant or trying to become pregnant
• Tobacco user
• Cardiac Disease
• Consumed alcohol within 48 hours of testing visit
• Consumed caffeine within 48 hours of testing visit
• Strenuous excercise 24 hours prior to testing visit

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Nuun Single strength; 3 Nuun electrolyte tablets will be dissolved in 1.4 liters of water. Subjects will drink one liter of the prepared solution over 30 min (250 mL every 7.5 min)	Dietary supplement: Nuun electrolyte tablet; Each table contains 2 grams of carbohydrate and a combination of electrolytes. calcium (13mg, 1%DV), sodium (300mg, 13%DV), potassium (150mg, 3%DV), magnesium (25mg, 6%DV), and chloride (40mg, 2%DV).; Other: water; water
Experimental: Nuun Double strength; 6 Nuun electrolyte tablets will be dissolved in 1.4 liters of water. Subjects will drink one liter of the prepared solution over 30 min (250 mL every 7.5 min)	Dietary supplement: Nuun electrolyte tablet; Each table contains 2 grams of carbohydrate and a combination of electrolytes. calcium (13mg, 1%DV), sodium (300mg, 13%DV), potassium (150mg, 3%DV), magnesium (25mg, 6%DV), and chloride (40mg, 2%DV).; Other: water; water
Placebo Comparator: Control; Subjects will drink one liter of water over 30 min (250 mL every 7.5 min)	Other: water; water

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Body weight	Body weight will be measured	baseline
Body weight	Body weight will be measured	4 hours after drink consumption
Urine volume	Volume of urine output will be measured	Immediately after completing intervention
Urine volume	Volume of urine output will be measured	1 hour after intervention
Urine volume	Volume of urine output will be measured	2 hours after intervention
Urine volume	Volume of urine output will be measured	3 hours after intervention
Urine volume	Volume of urine output will be measured	4 hours after intervention
Urine mass	Urine output will be measured using a scale	Immediately after completing intervention
Urine mass	Urine output will be measured using a scale	1 hour after intervention
Urine mass	Urine output will be measured using a scale	2 hours after intervention
Urine mass	Urine output will be measured using a scale	3 hours after intervention
Urine mass	Urine output will be measured using a scale	4 hours after intervention
Blood Pressure	Blood pressure will be measured.	at baseline
Blood Pressure	Blood pressure will be measured.	1 hour after intervention
Blood Pressure	Blood pressure will be measured.	2 hours after intervention
Blood Pressure	Blood pressure will be measured.	3 hours after intervention
Blood Pressure	Blood pressure will be measured.	4 hours after intervention
Heart Rate	Heart Rate will be measured	baseline
Heart Rate	Heart Rate will be measured	1 hour after intervention
Heart Rate	Heart Rate will be measured	2 hours after intervention
Heart Rate	Heart Rate will be measured	3 hours after intervention
Heart Rate	Heart Rate will be measured	4 hours after intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Memphis
• Collaborators: Nuun & Company, Inc (Nuun)

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 3, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 18, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): August 18, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 4, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 4, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): June 9, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 28, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 26, 2021
• Last Verified: April 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: electrolyte
• Other Study ID Numbers: PRO-FY2020-327

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No