NBTXR3 Activated by Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Locally Advanced or Borderline-Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

Phase I Study of NBTXR3 Activated by Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced or Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

To find the recommended dose of NBTXR3 that can be given in combination with radiation therapy to patients with pancreatic cancer. To learn if the dose NBTXR3 found in Part 1 can help to control the disease.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Stage III Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8; Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma; Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma; Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Radiation: Radiation Therapy; Other: Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

• To determine the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of NBTXR3 activated by radiotherapy in subjects with locally advanced or borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

• To evaluate the safety and feasibility of NBTXR3 intratumoral injection activated by radiotherapy in locally advanced or borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
• To evaluate the anti-tumor response of NBTXR3 intratumoral injection activated by radiotherapy in subjects with locally advanced or borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
• To evaluate time-to-event outcomes in subjects with locally advanced or borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

• To evaluate the body kinetic profile of intratumorally injected NBTXR3.
• To evaluate time to event outcomes for subjects with clinical staging of locally advanced, unresectable disease.
• To evaluate resectability conversion rates.
• To evaluate surgical outcomes in subjects who undergo surgery after radiation therapy.
• To associate radiomic measurements with outcomes.
• To evaluate biomarkers of response in subjects treated with NBTXR3/RT.

OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of NBTXR3.

Patients receive NBTXR3 intratumorally (IT) on day 1. Patients then undergo 15 fractions of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) between days 15-43 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 1 month and then every 3 months for up to 1 year.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 24
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • M D Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Signed informed consent form (ICF) indicating that participant understands the purpose of, and procedures required for, the study and is willing to participate in the study 2. Age ≥ 18 years 3. Biopsy proven ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas,as defined by the following:

a. Borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BRPC) has no aortic involvement with at least ONE of the following features: i. Superior mesenteric vein (SMV) or Portal vein (PV) with a tumor interface of ≥ 180° OR short segment occlusion of SMV or PV amenable to reconstruction ii. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) or celiac axis (CA) with a tumor interface of < 180° iii. Any degree of hepatic artery interface that is amenable to reconstruction b. Locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPC) has at least ONE of the following features:

1. Signed informed consent form (ICF) indicating that participant understands the purpose of, and procedures required for, the study and is willing to participate in the study
2. Age ≥ 18 years

3. Biopsy proven ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas,as defined by the following:

   a. Borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BRPC) has no aortic involvement with at least ONE of the following features: i. Superior mesenteric vein (SMV) or Portal vein (PV) with a tumor interface of ≥ 180° OR short segment occlusion of SMV or PV amenable to reconstruction ii. Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) or celiac axis (CA) with a tumor interface of < 180° iii. Any degree of hepatic artery interface that is amenable to reconstruction b. Locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPC) has at least ONE of the following features: i. Occlusion of the SMV or PV that is not amenable to reconstruction ii. Tumor interface of the superior mesenteric artery or celiac axis ≥ 180° iii. Involvement of the hepatic artery that is not amenable to reconstruction iv. Involvement of the aorta

4. Has had a 4-month course (± 2-months) of chemotherapy for PDAC without radiographic evidence of distant metastatic disease. Following chemotherapy regimens are allowed:

   1. gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel
   2. gemcitabine/capecitabine
   3. gemcitabine/cisplatin
   4. gemcitabine
   5. FOLFOX
   6. FOLFIRINOX
5. Amenable to undergo the endoscopic ultrasound guided injection of NBTXR3 as per investigator or treating physician.

6. Has a target lesion in the pancreas that is identifiable on cross sectional imaging by repeated measurements (via RECIST 1.1) at the same anatomical location

   a. Nodal disease only is not allowed.

7. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 0-1

8. Laboratory Values at screening:

   1. Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL
   2. Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mm3
   3. Platelet Count ≥ 100,000/mm3
   4. Creatinine ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
   5. Total Bilirubin ≤ 2.0 mg/dL
   6. AST / ALT ≤ 3.0 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
   7. Serum albumin ≥ 3.0 g/dL
9. Negative pregnancy test ≤ 7 days prior to NBTXR3 injection in all females of child-bearing potential
10. If participant has a history of prior duodenal or biliar plastic stent, it should be replaced with a metal stent ≥ 1 week prior to Study Day 1.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Prior radiation therapy to the upper abdomen
2. Prior surgical resection of pancreatic tumor
3. Diagnosis other than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. All other histologic types (i.e., adenosquamous, cystadenocarcinoma, etc.) are not eligible to participate on this study.
4. LAPC or BRPC with radiographic evidence of distant metastasis at screening.
5. Has received any approved or investigational anti-neoplastic agent other than the chemotherapies specified in this protocol (i.e. chemotherapies included in Inclusion #4)
6. Known uncontrolled (Grade ≥ 2) or active gastric or duodenal ulcer disease within 30 days of enrollment
7. Known contraindication to iodine-based or gadolinium-based IV contrast
8. Active malignancy, in addition to pancreatic cancer, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma of the skin definitively treated and relapse free within at least 1 year from diagnosis
9. Clinically significant cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, torsades de pointes, second or third degree atrioventricular heart block without a permanent pacemaker in place)
10. Class III or IV Congestive Heart Failure as defined by the New York Heart Association functional classification system <6 months prior to screening

11. Known active, uncontrolled (high viral load) HIV or hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection

    a. Patients who have been vaccinated for hepatitis B and do not have a history of infection are eligible.

12. Female patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding
13. Women of child-bearing potential and their male partners who are unwilling or unable to use an acceptable method of birth control for the entire study period. Acceptable methods of contraception are those that, alone or in combination, result in a failure rate of < 1% per year when used consistently and correctly
14. Any condition for which, in the opinion of the investigator, participation would not be in the best interest of the participant (e.g., compromise the well-being) or that could prevent, limit, or confound the protocol-specified assessments

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Treatment (NBTXR3, radiation therapy); Patients receive NBTXR3 IT on day 1. Patients then undergo 15 fractions of radiation therapy between days 15-43 in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.	Radiation: Radiation Therapy; Undergo radiation therapy; Other Names: Cancer Radiotherapy; Irradiate; Irradiated; Irradiation; Radiation; Radiation Therapy, NOS; Radiotherapeutics; Radiotherapy; RT; Therapy, Radiation; Other: Hafnium Oxide-containing Nanoparticles NBTXR3; Given IT; Other Names: NBTXR3

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Dose-limiting toxicities	Any grade >= 3 adverse event related to NBTXR3 and/or radiation therapy. Any toxicity (grade >= 3) that is at least possibly related to study drug (NBTXR3) is a DLT. Adverse events will be scored based on National Cancer Institute - Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE v 5.0).	4 weeks after last radiation dose
Maximum tolerated dose (MTD)	MTD will be determined as the dose for which the isotonic estimate of the toxicity rate is closest to the target toxicity rate 30%.	Up to 1 year
Recommended phase II dose (RP2D)		Up to 1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Determination of the feasibility of NBTXR3 injection in pancreas	Feasibility refers to the ability to do intratumoral injection of NBTXR3. The outcome for each patient would be "feasible" or "not feasible."	Up to 1 year
Progression free survival (PFS)		From NBTXR3 injection to local recurrence, local progression, distant progression, or death from any cause, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 1 year
Overall survival (OS)		From NBTXR3 injection to death from any cause or EoS, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 1 year

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Presence of hafnium	Will evaluation of the time-course dependent presence of hafnium in blood and urine following NBTXR3 intratumoral injection.	Up to 1 year
Disease control rate	Defined as the proportion of patients without progression 6 months post NBTXR3 injection.	6 months
Proportion of locally advanced subjects who undergo surgical resection after receiving NBTXR3/radiation therapy (R3/RT)		Up to 1 year
Resection status	Resection status as assessed macroscopically by surgeon R0- Macroscopically complete tumor removal with negative microscopic surgical margins, R1- Macroscopically complete tumor removal with positive microscopic margins (any or all), and R2- Macroscopically incomplete tumor removal with known or suspected residual gross disease.	Up to 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• Collaborators: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Eugene J Koay, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• MD Anderson Cancer Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 1, 2020
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 10, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 20, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): July 24, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 22, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 20, 2026
• Last Verified: October 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Endocrine System Diseases; Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Digestive System Neoplasms; Digestive System Diseases; Endocrine Gland Neoplasms; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Therapeutics; Physical Phenomena; Radiotherapy; Radiation
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2019-1001 (Other Identifier: M D Anderson Cancer Center); NCI-2020-03731 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No