CoCo-20: a Longitudinal Follow-up Study of the French Paediatric Population During and After the Coronavirus Pandemic COVID-19 (CoCo-20)

Methodology of " CoCo 20 ": a Longitudinal Follow-up Study of the Paediatric Population and Their Families During and After the Coronavirus Pandemic and the Confinement

In the context of a viral outbreak and of widespread quarantine measures, a significant increase in psychological disorders, such as stress or fear behaviours, had previously been observed. This distress has been described on adults, but no data have been collected yet for paediatric populations.

After a traumatic event, children and adolescents may present several clinical consequences, the most common being Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Moreover, PTSD in children and adolescents is often associated with comorbid disorders, such Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, depression, attachment and anxiety disorders, sleep disturbances and behavior problems.

The aim of this study is to present the methodology of "CoCo 20" : is to assess the impact of the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and of seclusion measures on mental health and on the development of psychological disorders in children in the short to medium term

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Mental Health Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Diagnostic test: Quantitative and qualitative assessments of mental health

Detailed Description

In the context of a viral outbreak and of widespread quarantine measures, a significant increase in psychological disorders, such as stress or fear behaviours, had previously been observed. This distress has been described on adults, but no data have been collected yet for paediatric populations.

After a traumatic event, children and adolescents may present several clinical consequences, the most common being Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Moreover, PTSD in children and adolescents is often associated with comorbid disorders, such Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, depression, attachment and anxiety disorders, sleep disturbances and behavior problems.

The aim of this study is to present the methodology of "CoCo 20" : is to assess the impact of the pandemic of coronavirus disease (Covid-19) and of seclusion measures on mental health and on the development of psychological disorders in children in the short to medium term.

The major inclusion criteria are children and adolescents under 18 years of age who have been affected by the Covid 19 pandemic. Three groups were defined: children in group one had a previous history of traumatic events, those in group two had a record of previous psychiatric or psychological disorder with a follow-up treatment and Group three included children without traumatic history nor psychiatric or psychological follow-up treatment. Participants will be assessed at baseline (V0), 1 week after (V1), one month after baseline (V2), one week after the end of the containment (V3) and one month after the end of the containment (V4).

Main analyses comprise analyses of variance and regression analyses of predictors of clinical evolution over time

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 70

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• France
  • Nice, France
    • Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice CHU-Lenval

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: No older than 17 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Group 1 (PTSD): children with an identified traumatic history; Group 2 (Pathology): children with psychological follow-up treatment for a psychiatric disorder, without traumatic history; Group 3 (Control): children without traumatic experience and without psychiatric or psychological follow-up treatment.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children affected by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic;
• Age between 0 and under 18 at the time of inclusion;
• Affiliated with a social security scheme;
• Having a good command of the French language (French);
• Children whose parents have accepted participation in the study (collection of informed consents).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children and/or young adults with a psychotic disorder or autism spectrum disorder;
• Children and/or young adults with an average intellectual disability (< to 50);
• Person deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision1;
• Person subject to a period of exclusion for another search.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

3

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Group 1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD); children with an identified traumatic history	Diagnostic test: Quantitative and qualitative assessments of mental health; Emergency semi-directed interview; Diagnosis Infant and Preschool Assessment (DIPA); Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS); Conners Scale - short version;Weiss functional impairment rating scale - parent (WFIRS); Parenting stress index-short form (PSI-SF); Anxiety Scale
Group 2 Pathology; children with psychological follow-up treatment for a psychiatric disorder, without traumatic history;	Diagnostic test: Quantitative and qualitative assessments of mental health; Emergency semi-directed interview; Diagnosis Infant and Preschool Assessment (DIPA); Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS); Conners Scale - short version;Weiss functional impairment rating scale - parent (WFIRS); Parenting stress index-short form (PSI-SF); Anxiety Scale
Group 3 Control; children without traumatic experience and without psychiatric or psychological follow-up treatment.	Diagnostic test: Quantitative and qualitative assessments of mental health; Emergency semi-directed interview; Diagnosis Infant and Preschool Assessment (DIPA); Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS); Conners Scale - short version;Weiss functional impairment rating scale - parent (WFIRS); Parenting stress index-short form (PSI-SF); Anxiety Scale

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
diagnosis of possible psychological and psychiatric difficulties at baseline	measure of psychological and psychiatric difficulties in connection with the pandemic and confinement. This will allow a rapid implementation of a course of care adapted and specific to the difficulties presented by each child, by Quantitative and qualitative assessments :	at baseline Day 0

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
follow up of psychological and psychiatric difficulties at V2	measure of psychological and psychiatric difficulties in connection with the pandemic and confinement. This will allow a rapid implementation of a course of care adapted and specific to the difficulties presented by each child, by Quantitative and qualitative assessments	at one month after baseline
follow up of psychological and psychiatric difficulties at V3	measure of psychological and psychiatric difficulties in connection with the pandemic and confinement. This will allow a rapid implementation of a course of care adapted and specific to the difficulties presented by each child, by Quantitative and qualitative assessments	at one week after the end of the containment
follow up of psychological and psychiatric difficulties at V4	measure of psychological and psychiatric difficulties in connection with the pandemic and confinement. This will allow a rapid implementation of a course of care adapted and specific to the difficulties presented by each child, by Quantitative and qualitative assessments	at one month after the end of the containment
impact of traumatic history prior to confinement	measure by Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) scale: The frequency and intensity of PTSD symptoms will be assessed using the Young Child PTSD Checklist (YCP) for children aged 3 months to 6 years and 11 months; or the Child PTSD checklist (CPC) for children aged 7 years to 17 years and 11 months ; or with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder ( PTSD) checklist 5 (PCL 5 ) for adults	at one week after baseline and at one month after the end of the containment
impact of other previous psychiatric disorders	measure by Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS): This is a semi-directed interview for children over the age of 7. It is done by interviewing the parent and the child. The interview covers both current issues.	at one month after baseline and at one month after the end of the containment
parental reaction	measure by Parenting stress index-short form (PSI-SF) that measures the extent of parental stress, as well as stress in the relationship between parent and child, and parents' difficulties in the day-to-day management of children.	at one week after baseline and at one week after the end of the containment

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Fondation Lenval
• Investigators: Study Director: Florence Gittard-Askenazy, Pr, Hôpitaux Pédiatriques de Nice CHU-Lenval

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Gindt M, Fernandez A, Richez A, Nachon O, Battista M, Askenazy F. CoCo20 protocol: a pilot longitudinal follow-up study about the psychiatric outcomes in a paediatric population and their families during and after the stay-at-home related to coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). BMJ Open. 2021 Apr 8;11(4):e044667. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044667.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 27, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 31, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): July 31, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 31, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 31, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): August 4, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 27, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 26, 2022
• Last Verified: January 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20-HPNCL-05

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No