Covid-19 Anxiety and Phobia Levels of the Parents

Evaluation of Covid-19 Anxiety and Phobia Levels of the Parents of Pediatric Patients

A pandemic that originated in the Wuhan region of China in December 2019 was detected as a new type of coronavirus disease called coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). In the first phase of the outbreak, specialists explained ways to maintain physical health . However, pediatric surgical procedures and anesthesia applications continued during this period. Surgery in pediatric patients is an unpleasant and potentially 'threatening' experience, often followed by preoperative anxiety due to the child's illness, hospitalization, fear of anesthesia - especially the time of anesthesia induction - and the surgery itself . Anesthesia is a stressful procedure for the child and the entire family. Both the COVID-19 pandemic and the surgical procedure are reflected in the symptoms of anxiety, fear or acute stress disorder for children and their families. As the disease spread, investigators started to emphasize the importance of protecting mental health. Identifying factors that contribute to significant preoperative anxiety levels in pediatric patients and their parents can help healthcare professionals choose the most appropriate from a variety of alternative strategies for anxiety control. This study was planned to evaluate the COVID-19 anxiety and phobia levels of the parents of pediatric patients are scheduled to undergo surgery under general anesthesia in Turkey.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Parents; SARS-CoV-2; Anxiety and Fear
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Coronavirus Anxiety Scale , COVID-19 Phobia Scale

Detailed Description

The population of the study was created from the parents of pediatric patients who were scheduled for surgery under general anesthesia between May 2020 and September 2020 at Selcuk University Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation. The data were obtained through face-to-face interviews before the child was taken to surgery after the necessary explanations were made to the parents of the children by the researchers. To enable the parents to answer the questions easily, a separate room in the relevant clinic was used for the interviews. The characteristics of the children and parents, supplementary data of the parents regarding the child's illness, and contact information were obtained. Participants were asked to complete a sociodemographic data form, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S).

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 150

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Konya, Turkey, 42250
    • Selcuk University, School of Medicine

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 14 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The parents of pediatric patients who were scheduled to undergo surgery under general anesthesia in Turkey

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Parents of pediatric patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (ASA) I-II, aged 1-12 years who were administered anesthesia to undergo surgery were included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Parents of children with ASA III or higher risk, expected to have difficult intubation, serious complications related to intraoperative surgery or anesthesia (e.g. respiratory depression, myocardial depression, cardiac arrhythmia, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, anaphylactic reaction, hypotension, bleeding), and could not communicate were excluded from the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Other
• Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS)	The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), which was developed by Lee and validated in Turkish by Evren et al., was used to evaluate the COVID-19 anxiety level. In the validation study, the Cronbach's alpha of the Turkish version of CAS was 0.87. This results of the study showed that the CAS was highly reliable. CAS is a 5-point Likert-type scale. The scale consists of five questions and one dimension. Scoring of the scale is evaluated as 0 = never, 1 = rare, less than a day or two, 2 = a few days, 3 = more than a week, and 4 = almost every day in the last two weeks. The total score ranges from 0 to 20. Lee determined the CAS cut-off score of 9 to distinguish those with dysfunctional anxiety from those without anxiety.	5 months
COVID 19 phobia scale (C19P-S)	COVID 19 phobia scale (C19P-S) is a 20-item, 4-subdimension (psychological, somatic, social and economic) scale in which items are answered in a 5-point response format developed by Arpacı et al. 7 to measure the phobia that may develop against COVID-19. In the validation study, the Cronbach's alpha of the Turkish version of C19P-S was 0.92. In the present study, Cronbach's alpha was 0.94. The results of the study demonstrated that the C19P-S was exceptionally reliable. The scale items are rated between 1 "strongly disagree" and 5, "strongly agree. Sub-dimension scores are obtained by the sum of the points of the answers given to the items belonging to that sub-dimension, while the total C19P-S score is obtained by the total of the subdimension scores, ranging between 20 and 100 points.	5 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Selcuk University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Faruk Cicekci, Selcuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 30, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): October 15, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 14, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 14, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): November 17, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 18, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 16, 2020
• Last Verified: November 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Anxiety Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: farukcicekci

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No