Effects of CIMT in Parkinson's Disease Patients

Effects of Constraint Induced Movement Therapy on Hand and Arm Functions in Patients of Parkinson's Disease

The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of constraint induced movement therapy on hand and arm functions in Parkinson's disease patients. It was a randomized controlled trial, conducted in physical therapy department of University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Mayo Hospital and Lahore General Hospital. 40, male and female Parkinson's disease patients aged between 50-80 years were randomly allocated into two equal groups. In experimental group patients were treated with constraint induced movement therapy and routine physical therapy and in control group patients were treated with routine physical therapy. Patients were treated for a total of 4 weeks, 6 hours in a day. Patients were assessed using Frenchay Arm Test (FAT). SPSS 25 was used to analyze the data.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Parkinson Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and Routine Physical Therapy; Other: Routine Physical Therapy

Detailed Description

One of the central nervous system's most frequent diseases is Parkinson's disease (PD). In individuals with PD upper limb impairments could be present such as resting tremor or micrographia, often the first symptom of the disorder. These upper limb conditions can lead to difficulties in work, leisure, and everyday activities such as eating and dressing as the disease advances. This research was aimed to provide insightful information for both clinicians, researchers and for community in general. This study was helpful in the field of neurorehabilitation to bridge the gaps of previous researches. Clinician or neurorehabilitation expert can apply the more useful technique on patients and get the better results in less time. Researchers can find the high-quality clinical evidence regarding constraint induced movement therapy on Parkinson's patients. According to evidence-based practice patient preference is considered in providing treatments to patients. So, patient can find out which treatment is better.

40 patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Written informed consent was taken from every subject participating in this study. Allocation of subjects in two groups was done by random number table. Group A was treated with Constrained Induced movement therapy along with routine physical therapy and group B was treated only with routine physical therapy. In routine physical therapy group patients received intervention according to systematic review and clinical guidelines that worked on aerobic capacity, muscle strengthening exercise, walking ability, postural and balance disorders and improving hand arm function.39 Three stages were used in each session: (i) warm-up phase: passive mobilization of major joints and lower limb muscle strengthening; (ii) active phase (both standing and sitting): motor control exercises for upper and lower limbs, and (iii) cool-down phase (in seating position): respiratory exercises and mobilization.

40 The routine or baseline therapy was remained same throughout the study. Constraint induced movement therapy was given to group A for four weeks. Training was done for 6 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. All the information wascollected by using standardized questionnaire of Frenchay arm test. Confounding variables were controlled by randomization and restriction methods. All treatment was given by single therapist to control the biasness.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 40
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Punjab
    • Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, 54000
      • University of Lahore Teaching Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 50 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease referred from neurology department.
• Parkinson's disease patients with age range 50- 80 years.
• Both male and female patients.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Atypical Parkinsonism Alzheimer's disease
• Any patient taking antidepressants other than Parkinson's
• Patients of severe cognitive impairments.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and Routine Physical Therapy; Patients received constrained induced movement therapy and routine physical therapy for up to 6 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks.	Other: Constraint Induced Movement Therapy and Routine Physical Therapy; Intensive, graded practice of the paretic upper limb to enhance task-specific use of the affected limb. Constraint or forced use therapy, with the non-paretic upper limb contained in a mitt to promote the use of the impaired limb during 90% of the total hours awake. Adherence enhancing behavioral methods designed to transfer the gains obtained in the clinical setting or the laboratory to patients' real-world environment (ie, a transfer package). As part of routine physical therapy patients received intervention that worked on aerobic capacity, muscle strengthening exercise, walking ability, postural and balance disorders and improving hand arm function. Three stages were used in each session: (i) warm-up phase: passive mobilization of major joints and lower limb muscle strengthening; (ii) active phase (both standing and sitting): motor control exercises for upper and lower limbs, and (iii) cool down phase (in seating position): respiratory exercises and mobilization.
Active Comparator: Routine Physical Therapy; Patients received routine physical therapy for 5 days/week for 4 weeks.	Other: Routine Physical Therapy; As part of routine physical therapy patients received intervention that worked on aerobic capacity, muscle strengthening exercise, walking ability, postural and balance disorders and improving hand arm function. Three stages were used in each session: (i) warm-up phase: passive mobilization of major joints and lower limb muscle strengthening; (ii) active phase (both standing and sitting): motor control exercises for upper and lower limbs, and (iii) cool down phase (in seating position): respiratory exercises and mobilization.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Frenchay Arm Test	The Frenchay Arm Test (FAT) is a measure of upper extremity proximal motor control and dexterity during ADL performance in patients with impairments of upper extremity resulting from neurological conditions. FAT is an upper extremity specific measure of activity limitation. The Frenchay Arm Test is an ordinal 2-point scale (0-1). 0 for fail and 1 for pass. A total of 5 points can be obtained (range 0-5) with better score demonstrating better performance. FAT took about 3 minutes to administer.	Change from Baseline at 4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Lahore
• Collaborators: Riphah International University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Mariam Ghazanfar, University of Lahore

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 28, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 2, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): March 3, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 23, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 25, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): March 26, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 26, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 25, 2021
• Last Verified: March 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Exercise; Upper limb; Physical therapy; Constraint induced movement therapy
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Parkinsonian Disorders; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Movement Disorders; Synucleinopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease
• Other Study ID Numbers: REC/RCR&AHS/20/0214

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No