3Spine Lumbar Fusion Real World Evidence Study

A Prospective Data Collection Study of Patients Treated With a Single-Level Lumbar Interbody Fusion Stabilized With Pedicle Screws

This study is designed to collect real world evidence (RWE) safety and efficacy data on patients who plan to undergo a single-level Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) or Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) instrumented with pedicle screws, using the framework of a prospective clinical study (with defined enrollment criteria and pre-specified research follow-up timepoints).

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Lumbar Spine Degeneration
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Lumbar Interbody Fusion

Detailed Description

A prospective, multi-center (up to 25), non-blinded study of patients who plan to undergo a single-level Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) or Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) stabilized with pedicle screws. Investigators will only select those patients who are planned for treatment with on-label use of FDA cleared TLIF/PLIF devices (cage and screw system).

At least 200 subjects with a potential sample size re-estimation at completion. The subjects will return for follow-up at 6-weeks, 3-months, 6-months, and then annually for 5-years post surgery.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 200

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Kevin McGinnis; Phone Number: 781-291-8040; Email: kevin.mcginnis@3spine.com

Study Locations

• United States
  • Arizona
    • Tucson, Arizona, United States, 85724
      • Completed
      • University of Arizona College of Medicine
  • California
    • Beverly Hills, California, United States, 90210
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Todd Lanman MD, Inc.
  • Colorado
    • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 801111
      • Recruiting
      • University of Colorado
      • Contact: Jiandong Hao; Email: jiandong.hao@cuanschutz.edu
      • Contact: Victoria Li; Email: victoria.2.li@ucdenver.edu
      • Principal Investigator: Vikas Patel, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: CJ Kleck, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: David Ou-Yang, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Nolan Wessell, MD
    • Steamboat Springs, Colorado, United States, 80487
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Steamboat Orthopedics and Spine Institute (SOSI)
  • Florida
    • Deerfield Beach, Florida, United States, 33441
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Spine & Orthopedic Center
    • Temple Terrace, Florida, United States, 33637
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Florida Orthopaedic Institute
  • Kentucky
    • Paducah, Kentucky, United States, 42003
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Strenge Spine Institute
  • Louisiana
    • Shreveport, Louisiana, United States, 71101
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Spine Institute of Louisiana
  • Minnesota
    • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Mayo Clinic
  • New York
    • East Syracuse, New York, United States, 13057
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Upstate Orthopedics
    • New York, New York, United States, 10016
      • Active, not recruiting
      • NYU Langone, Spine Research Center
  • North Carolina
    • Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, 28204
      • Recruiting
      • Carolina Neurosurgery and Spine Associates
      • Sub-Investigator: Michael Bohl, MD
      • Contact: Ginger Barr; Email: Ginger.Barr@CNSA.com
      • Sub-Investigator: Martin Henegar, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Byron Branch, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Paul Kim, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Mark Smith, MD
      • Principal Investigator: John Parish, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Matthew McGirt, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Vincent Rossi, MD
    • Pinehurst, North Carolina, United States, 28374
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Pinehurst Surgical Clinic
  • Ohio
    • Miamisburg, Ohio, United States, 45342
      • Recruiting
      • Vertrae
      • Contact: Melinda Beccaccio; Email: mindy@vertrae.com
      • Principal Investigator: Kamal Woods, MD
    • New Albany, Ohio, United States, 43054
      • Active, not recruiting
      • OrthoNeuro
  • Oklahoma
    • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73170
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Oklahoma City Clinical Research Center
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19107
      • Recruiting
      • Thomas Jefferson University
      • Sub-Investigator: Joshua Heller, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: James Harrop, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Jack Jallo, MD
      • Sub-Investigator: Srinivas Prasad, MD
      • Contact: Sara Thalheimer; Email: Sara.Thalheimer@jefferson.edu
      • Principal Investigator: Ahilan Sivaganesan, MD
  • Tennessee
    • Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States, 37404
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Center for Sports Medicine and Orthopaedics
  • Texas
    • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78299
      • Active, not recruiting
      • Ortho San Antonio
  • Utah
    • West Jordan, Utah, United States, 84088
      • Active, not recruiting
      • The Disc Replacement Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 21 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Subjects participating in this study will be recruited from the investigators' standard patient populations. Only patients who plan to undergo an Open or Mini-Open TLIF or PLIF procedure independent of this research protocol, are considered for study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female, age 21-80 (inclusive) with at least 3 years of life expectancy;
2. Subject plans to undergo a one-level Open or Mini-Open TLIF or PLIF procedure (stabilized with pedicle screws) independent of this research protocol;
3. Subject is to be treated with on-label use of an FDA-cleared TLIF or PLIF cage(s) and pedicle screw system independent of this research protocol;

4. The subject has a primary diagnosis of symptomatic lumbar degeneration with or without foraminal or recess stenosis of the lumbar spine at a single level from L1/L2 to L5/S1 confirmed by subject history and radiographic imaging (CT, MRI, X-rays) with no more than a Grade 1 (<25% translation) spondylolisthesis. Symptomatic lumbar degeneration that may be associated with a co-morbid condition such as:

   1. Herniated nucleus pulposus;
   2. Scarring/thickening of the ligamentum flavum, annulus fibrosus, or facet joint capsule;
   3. Facet joint degeneration/osteophyte formation;
   4. Spondylosis (defined by the presence of osteophytes);
   5. Disc degeneration and/or annular degeneration; and/or
   6. Lumbar stenosis defined by spinal cord or nerve root compression;
5. Exhausted conservative treatment (e.g. bed rest, physical therapy, medications, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), manipulation, and/or spinal injections) for at least 3 months or has a neurologic emergency;
6. Preoperative Oswestry Disability Index score >/= 40/100 at baseline;
7. Psychosocially, mentally and physically able and willing to fully comply with this protocol including adhering to follow-up schedule and requirements and filling out forms; and
8. Signed informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. More than one vertebral level requiring treatment;
2. Previous instrumented surgery (i.e.: anterior disc replacement, spinal fusion, interspinous device, etc.) at the index lumbar level or an adjacent level;
3. Degenerative or lytic spondylolisthesis greater than Grade 1 (<25% translation);
4. Rotatory scoliosis at the level to be treated;
5. Congenital bony and/or spinal cord abnormalities at the level to be treated;
6. Subcaudal defect, disrupting the integrity of the pedicle;
7. Clinically compromised vertebral bodies at the involved level due to current or past trauma, e.g., by the radiographic appearance of the fracture callus, malunion or nonunion;
8. Disrupted anterior longitudinal ligament at the index level;
9. Overlying thoracolumbar kyphosis (greater than or equal to 15 degrees) within one level (includes target and adjacent level) of the level to be treated;
10. Back pain of unknown etiology without leg pain;

11. Severe spondylosis at the level to be treated as characterized by any of the following:

    1. Autofusion (solid arthrodesis) determined radiographically (CT);
    2. Totally collapsed disc, or;
    3. Vertebral body that cannot be mobilized;
12. Known allergy to cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, polyethylene, titanium, or vitamin E;
13. Unable to undergo a CT scan or other radiograph assessments;
14. Osteopenia: The SCORE/MORES will be utilized for all females age <50 and males age <55 to screen if a DEXA scan is indicated. If SCORE/MORES value ≥ 6, then a DEXA scan is required. A DEXA scan is indicated for all females age ≥50 and all males age ≥55. If DEXA is required, exclusion will be defined as a DEXA bone density measured T score ≤ -1. An existing DEXA is allowed if completed within 6 months of subject screening;
15. Has history of any endocrine or metabolic disorder known to affect osteogenesis (e.g.: Paget's disease, renal osteodystrophy, Ehler-Danlos syndrome, or osteogenesis imperfecta);
16. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus;
17. Lactating, pregnant or interested in becoming pregnant in the next 3 years;
18. Active infection - systemic or local;
19. Any medical condition requiring treatment with any drug known to potentially interfere with bone/soft tissue healing or receiving radiation therapy that is expected to continue for the duration of the study;
20. Body Mass Index > 40;
21. Recurrent history of deep vein thrombosis, symptoms of arterial insufficiency, or thromboembolic disease;
22. Systemic disease including Lupus disease, Reiter's disease, Rheumatoid disease, AIDS, HIV, hepatitis or autoimmune disease that requires immunosuppressive therapy, including biologics, for systemic inflammation;
23. Spinal tumor;
24. Active malignancy: A patient with a history of any invasive malignancy (except non-melanoma skin cancer), unless he/she has been treated with curative intent and there have been no clinical signs or symptoms of the malignancy for at least 5 years;
25. Any degenerative muscular or neurological condition that would interfere with evaluation of outcomes, including but not limited to Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or multiple sclerosis;
26. Has chronic or acute renal and/or hepatic impairment and/or failure or prior history of renal and/or hepatic parenchymal disease;
27. Has a Waddell Signs of Inorganic Behavior score of 3 or greater;
28. In the opinion of the investigator, the subject has a behavioral, cognitive, social or medical problem that may interfere with the assessment of the safety or effectiveness of the device;
29. Current or recent history of chemical/alcohol abuse or dependency using standard medical definition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) code;
30. Currently smoking or using tobacco products, including e-cigarette products (e.g., vaping); (Use within 30 days of surgery date is considered 'current');
31. Currently pursuing or in active spinal litigation for medical negligence, or trauma, or workers compensation;
32. Is a prisoner, incarcerated, or has been coerced to participate in the study that could impact the validity of results;
33. Is currently participating in an investigational therapy (device and/or pharmaceutical) within 30 days prior to entering the study or such treatment is planned during the 24 months following enrollment into the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Other
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Intervention / Treatment

Examination Group; There will only be one arm of subjects in this study. The arm will include subjects who plan to undergo a single-level TLIF/PLIF stabilized with pedicle screws and meet all of the eligibility criteria.

Procedure: Lumbar Interbody Fusion; The TLIF/PLIF system includes a TLIF/PLIF interbody cage and a pedicle screw system (4 screws with 2 rods). Any FDA cleared TLIF/PLIF interbody cage and pedicle screw system is acceptable for this study (with the exception of PEEK rods) as long as it is implanted per the package insert. No subjects implanted with an off-label use of a device are permitted for this study.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) Score	Improvement of at least 15 points in ODI score (out of 100). The ODI is a self-reported questionnaire that contains ten sections concerning intensity of pain, lifting, personal care, walking, sitting, sexual function, standing, social life, sleeping and traveling.	24 months compared to baseline
Neurological Status	Absence of deterioration in neurological status compared to baseline examinations. Neurological examination will consist of a motor and sensory examination at each in person study visit conducted per physician standard of care.	24 months compared to baseline
Secondary surgical intervention (SSI)	Subject success will be determined with the absence of a secondary surgical intervention including revision, re-operation, removal, or supplemental fixation at the index level.	24 months
Serious device-related adverse events (SDAE)	Subject success will be determined with the absence of any serious device-related adverse events (SDAE)	24 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Visual Analog Score (VAS) - Worst Leg	Improvement in VAS - Worst leg of 20mm at 24 months compared to baseline. The VAS is a measurement instrument that measures the amount of pain that a subject feels ranges across a continuum from none to an extreme amount of pain.	24 months compared to baseline
VAS - Back	Improvement in VAS - Back pain of 20mm at 24 months compared to baseline	24 months compared to baseline
ODI	Improvement in ODI of 15 points at 24 months compared to baseline	24 months compared to baseline
ODI	Mean change in ODI over time intervals	24 months compared to baseline
VAS	Mean change in leg VAS over time intervals	24 months compared to baseline
VAS	Mean change in back VAS over time intervals	24 months compared to baseline

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Demographics	The study will examine the patient population through descriptive statistics of the demographic variable - age	24 months
Demographics	The study will examine the patient population through descriptive statistics of the demographic variable - Body Mass Index (BMI)	24 months
Demographics	The study will examine the patient population through descriptive statistics of the demographic variable - gender	24 months
Intra-Operative Variables	The study will examine the patient population through descriptive statistics of the intra-operative variable - surgery time.	24 months
Intra-Operative Variables	The study will examine the patient population through descriptive statistics of the intra-operative variable - blood loss	24 months
Time to first SSI	Time to first SSI including specific actions (removal, revision, replacement, supplemental fixation) at the index or adjacent level	24 months
PROMIS scores (Physical Function)	Improvement in PROMIS scores (PROMIS Physical Function) compared to baseline	24 months relative to the baseline
PROMIS scores (Depression)	Improvement in PROMIS scores (PROMIS Depression) compared to baseline	24 months relative to the baseline
PROMIS scores (Anxiety)	Improvement in PROMIS score (PROMIS Anxiety) compared to baseline	24 months relative to the baseline
PROMIS scores (Social roles/activities)	Improvement in PROMIS score (PROMIS Social Roles/activities) compared to baseline	24 months relative to the baseline
Radiographic fusion	Radiographic fusion as defined by the Image Review Charter and assessed by an independent core laboratory.	24 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: 3Spine
• Collaborators: MCRA

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 25, 2021
• Primary Completion (Estimated): May 1, 2024
• Study Completion (Estimated): August 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 24, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 29, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): April 1, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 29, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 27, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion; Posterior lumbar interbody fusion
• Other Study ID Numbers: 3Spine Lumbar Fusion Study

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: Yes
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No