Metal Ion Levels in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) With Modular Dual Mobility Cup Compared to Conventional THA

Metal Ion Levels in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) With Modular Dual Mobility (MDM) Cup Compared to Conventional Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) - A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

After total hip arthroplasty using an 'Modular Dual Mobility' acetabular cup, which is effective in reducing the risk of dislocation, one of the serious complications occurring after total hip arthroplasty, the blood metal ion concentration was compared with that of conventional total hip arthroplasty patients. This is a multicenter prospective randomized comparative study.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Arthroplasty Complications; Femur Neck Fracture
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Total hip replacement arthroplasty using modular dual mobility cup; Procedure: Total hip replacement arthroplasty using conventional acetabular cup

Detailed Description

Dislocation after total hip arthroplasty is a very serious complication not only for the patient but also for the operator, and is the second most common complication after joint dissociation. The incidence of dislocation after conventional total hip arthroplasty has been reported to be about 0.2 to 7%, and the frequency is higher in elderly patients with hip fractures and has been reported up to about 9%. In patients at high risk of dislocation, total hip arthroplasty using a dual mobility acetabular cup has the effect of reducing the risk of dislocation, and its use has been increasing in recent years. The dual mobility acetabular cup used in this study was developed in a form that can be screwed through the acetabular cup to compensate for the shortcomings of the dual mobility acetabular cup used in the past. The modular dual mobility acetabular cup, which can be fixed with screws, has a metal liner inserted therein, so there is a possibility that the concentration of metal ions in the blood may rise. Until now, studies on the concentration of metal ions in the blood after total hip arthroplasty using an modular dual mobility acetabular cup have been reported very rarely, and the results are also reported differently [4-7]. In addition, no prospective comparative study on blood metal ion concentrations after total hip arthroplasty using an modular dual mobility acetabular cup in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures has been reported. The release of metal ions due to metal corrosion or metal friction in the artificial joint is a rare phenomenon, but it can cause serious complications in the body. It has been suggested through case reports that it can cause abnormalities in the nervous system and cardiovascular system by increasing the concentration of metal ions in the body as well as bone complications such as osteolytic artificial joint relaxation pseudotumor around the artificial joint [5-7] , and a comparative analysis of the modular dual mobility acetabular cup with the conventional acetabular cup to see if there is any problem of metal ion rise in the body due to the release of metal ion concentration is a very important and meaningful study for both doctors and patients performing hip arthroplasty. In addition, it is expected that the medical and social contribution of this research will not be small, considering that the artificial prosthesis used as a material for metal-to-metal surface replacement surgery in the hip joint arthroplasty field was recalled a few years ago and caused a big wave around the world.

Matsen et al. defined significant elevation when Cobalt ≥ 1.6 mcg/L, based on previous literature that required revision for adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR). A guideline for follow-up of a metal artificial joint is attached as an appendix. Nam et al. (J Arthroplasty, 2016) reported that the frequency of patients with cobalt ion levels deviating from the normal reference values at 1 year after surgery was 4/26 (15.3%), MDM THA vs. 1/17 (5.9%) reported that it was Conventional THA. Matsen et al. did not specify the timing of the initial measurement of the ion concentration, but said that if abnormal values were observed, they were followed continuously every 6 months. Based on the previous literature that required revision for adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR), Cobalt ≥ 1.6 mcg/L was defined as significant elevation. As a result of following 100 patients, it was confirmed that the cobalt concentration was outside the normal range in 21 patients (21%), and a significant increase in the cobalt ion concentration of 1.6 mcg/L or more was reported in 9 patients (9%). And two of them had ALTR on MRI.

Metal ions can be released and the concentration of metal ions in the body can be increased in not only artificial joint replacement surgery using the assembled double movable acetabular cup but also in the solid acetabular cup. The acetabular cup and the femoral stem may be worn during joint movement due to the collision phenomenon, and if the acetabular cup screw is loosened or incorrectly inserted and corroded and worn, metal ions may be released along with the surrounding osteolysis.

The reason for performing randomization in this study is first, to ensure that the subject's characteristics do not affect the group to be assigned, so that the probability that each subject will receive surgery with which of the two substitutes is equally applied. , Second, in order to maximize the internal validity of the research results, to make the characteristics of the subjects to which the substitutes to be compared belong to be as similar as possible except for the substitutes assigned to them. Third, since statistical analysis was developed based on the theory of probability, The reason for randomizing the assignment of study subjects to the substitutions used is because it satisfies the prerequisites for applying statistical techniques to the analysis of research data.

Comparing and analyzing the difference in the concentration of metal ions in the blood through randomization is an important study that can confirm whether the difference in metal ion release can be caused by the difference in the binding mechanism between the two acetabular cups. It is an important complication after joint arthroplasty that can cause side effects and can cause harm to internal organs or revision surgery. Therefore, analyzing it is very important and meaningful research.

The purpose of this study was to compare the blood metal ion concentration in elderly patients after total hip arthroplasty using an modular dual mobility acetabular cup with the results of the conventional total hip arthroplasty patient group in a multicenter prospective study. In addition, we intend to compare clinical and radiological factors that are commonly evaluated during outpatient follow-up after surgery.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 54
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Korea, Republic of
  • Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 08308
    • KoreaUGuroH

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 56 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Over 60 years of age. Femoral neck fracture or hip joint disease. Garden stage III, IV
2. Comorbidities: American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) grade III or less, Charlson comorbidity 6 points or less
3. Daily activity: UCLA score 4 or higher, Koval score 4 or lower
4. Including patients with neuromuscular disorder and cognitive impairment

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Revision arthroplasty
2. In case of factors other than fretting corrosion of the index arthroplasty that can cause an increase in serum metal ion level - In case of undergoing surgery using metal on other joints before this operation, vitamin B user
3. Patients with abnormal kidney function in which Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Cr are out of normal values
4. Pathologic fracture
5. If you have metabolic bone disorder, exclude osteoporosis (ex. Paraneoplastic syndrome, renal osteodystrophy, Vit D disorder, hormonal disorder)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Modular dual mobility group; A group of patients who underwent total hip replacement arthroplasty using a modular dual mobility cup	Procedure: Total hip replacement arthroplasty using modular dual mobility cup; In a total hip replacement (also called total hip arthroplasty), the damaged bone and cartilage is removed and replaced with prosthetic components
Active Comparator: Conventional group; A group of patients who underwent total hip replacement arthroplasty using a conventional acetabular cup	Procedure: Total hip replacement arthroplasty using conventional acetabular cup; In a total hip replacement (also called total hip arthroplasty), the damaged bone and cartilage is removed and replaced with prosthetic components

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Metal ion level	Measurement of metal ion concentration in blood serum	Baseline (pre op.), post op. 12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Clinical measurement (Pain-visual analog scale)	Pain-visual analog scale	Post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Change in Clinical measurement (Harris hip score)	Harris hip score	Post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Change in Clinical measurement (Oxford hip score)	Oxford hip score	Post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Change in Clinical measurement (UCLA score)	University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score	Post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Change in Radiological measurement (Hip x-ray)	Acetabular cup inclination (degree)	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Change in Radiological measurement (CT)	Anterior angle (degree, measured by computed tomography)	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Change in Radiological measurement (Long leg x-ray)	Leg length difference (mm)	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Post operative complication (Dislocation)	Dislocation or not	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Post operative complication (Infection)	Infection or not	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Post operative complication (Osteolysis)	Osteolysis or not	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Post operative complication (Implant dissociation)	Implant dissociation or not	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months
Revision surgery	Revision surgery or not	Baseline (immediate post op.), post op. 6 months, post op. 12 months, post op. 24 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Korea University Guro Hospital
• Collaborators: Stryker Korea Co., Ltd.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Sangmin Kim, Ph.D, Korea University Guro Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 5, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 3, 2021
• Study Completion (Anticipated): December 31, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 3, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 20, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): January 6, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 6, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 20, 2021
• Last Verified: March 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Total hip arthroplasty; Total hip replacement; Metal ion; Dual mobility
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Fractures, Bone; Wounds and Injuries; Leg Injuries; Femoral Fractures; Hip Injuries; Hip Fractures; Femoral Neck Fractures
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2019GR0112

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: Yes
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: Yes