Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults

Association of Frailty, Balance, and Depression With Activities of Daily Living in Older Adults

In order to maintain independence and prevent disability, it is essential to identify associated factors and reduce functional loss due to concomitant diseases. This study aimed to examine the effects of frailty, balance, and depression on the performance of activities of daily living in older adults. All participants were assessed using the Mini Mental State Test, simple FRAIL scale, Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Geriatrics

Detailed Description

As the global population becomes older, the importance of preserving health, function, and quality of life is being increasingly recognized. In order to maintain independence and prevent disability, it is essential to identify associated factors and reduce functional loss due to concomitant diseases. This study aimed to examine the effects of frailty, balance, and depression on the performance of activities of daily living in older adults. All participants were assessed using the Mini Mental State Test, simple FRAIL scale, Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL).

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 85

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey
    • Halic University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 65 years and older (Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

adults aged 65 years or older who were registered at Community Health Center No.1 in City Central Amasya.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• aged 65 years or older
• being able to understand and answer the questionnaires used for data collection
• having mental competency as demonstrated by a score higher than 20 on the Mini Mental State Test

Exclusion Criteria:

• limited ambulation
• psychological problems

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Mini Mental State Test	Cognitive function was assessed using the MMST, which consists of 11 items. The MMST has a maximum score of 30 points; scores above 24 points are considered sufficient and scores lower than 20 indicate cognitive impairment	at the enrollment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
FRAIL scale	This 5-item scale was developed by Morley et al. in 2012. People with a score of 0 points are regarded as normal, 1-2 points as pre-frail, and 3-5 points as frail	at the enrollment
Berg Balance Scale	Balance was assessed using the BBS, which was developed to measure balance performance. It includes 14 instructions, each of which is scored between 0-4 based on performance of the instruction. The BBS is administered in 10-20 minutes and the maximum score is 56. A score of 0-20 points indicates impaired balance, 21-40 points indicates acceptable balance, and 41-56 points indicates good balance	at the enrollment
Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form	The GDS-SF was used to assess the participants' depression level. The scale consists of 15 yes/no questions about the participant's feelings in the past week. Each item is scored 0 or 1, with a higher score indicating the presence of more depressive symptoms	at the enrollment
Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale	The scale consists of 8 items including information about using the telephone, preparing food, shopping, doing daily household chores, doing laundry, using transport, using drugs, and managing money. Scores range from 0 (dependent) to 8 (independent)	at the enrollment

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Halic University
• Investigators: Study Director: Seda Saka, PT, PhD, Halic University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Vieira ER, Da Silva RA, Severi MT, Barbosa AC, Amick Iii BC, Zevallos JC, Martinez IL, Chaves PHM. Balance and Gait of Frail, Pre-Frail, and Robust Older Hispanics. Geriatrics (Basel). 2018 Jul 18;3(3):42. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics3030042.
• Marques LT, Rodrigues NC, Angeluni EO, Dos Santos Pessanha FPA, da Cruz Alves NM, Freire Junior RC, Ferriolli E, de Abreu DCC. Balance Evaluation of Prefrail and Frail Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2019 Jul/Sep;42(3):176-182. doi: 10.1519/JPT.0000000000000147.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 11, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 27, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): January 10, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 26, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 26, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): June 1, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 1, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 26, 2022
• Last Verified: May 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: depression; activities of daily living; Frailty; balance
• Other Study ID Numbers: ssaka5

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No