The Effect of Sprouting of Wheat on Postprandial Glycemic and Satiety Responses of Wheat Bread Products

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of inclusion of 50% sprouted wheat wholemeal in a bread recipe on the postprandial glycemic and satiety responses, as well as on appetite-related sensations and acceptability of the developed products relative to a product made with a similar unsprouted wheat recipe.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Blood Sugar
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Bread

Detailed Description

This study is a randomized crossover trial involving three different bread products. At each study visit, capillary blood glucose will be measured at fasting, and then 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes following the start of ingestion of the study food. Visual analogue scales will be used to assess appetite and fullness sensations at fasting, and then 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 12
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
      • Human Nutraceutical Research Unit

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 40 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy adults
• Age 18-40 years
• Normal non-fasting plasma glucose (<7.9 mmol/L but not below 3.3 mmol/L)
• BMI ranging from 18.5 to 27.9 kg/m2
• Regular consumer of wheat-based bread products (>1x per week).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smoking or regular use of recreational drugs (marijuana, ecstasy, LSD, magic mushrooms etc.)
• Heavy alcohol use (defined as typically >14 drinks per week or >4 drinks on one occasion)
• Restrained eater (>16) as defined by the questionnaire at screening (Appendix E: Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, Stunkard et al.,1985)
• Unusual sleep patterns (Shift-worker, or sleeps 4 hours or less regularly) or irregular breakfast consumption.
• Recent (i.e. >4 kg in previous 3 months) or intended weight loss or gain
• Food allergies or any life-threatening allergy (food or otherwise)
• Gluten intolerance or sensitivity
• Medications known to affect glucose tolerance (excluding oral contraceptives)
• Presence of disease or drug(s) which influence digestion and absorption of nutrients; including steroids, protease inhibitors or antipsychotics.
• Inability to adhere to Study Protocols

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: White bread	Other: Bread; Bread portions of 50 gram available carbohydrates.
Experimental: Sprouted wholemeal bread	Other: Bread; Bread portions of 50 gram available carbohydrates.
Active Comparator: Unsprouted wholemeal bread	Other: Bread; Bread portions of 50 gram available carbohydrates.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Postprandial glycemic response	Capillary blood glucose	2 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Postprandial satiety response	Hunger, Fullness, Desire to Eat and Prospective Food Consumption questions using Visual Analogue Scales (100 mm lines). Answers are measured and scored from 0 (not at all) to 100 (extreme).	2 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Guelph

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 18, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 15, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): May 15, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 31, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 31, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): September 2, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): December 5, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 4, 2023
• Last Verified: December 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 22-06-26

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No