Current Exercise Approaches in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

August 22, 2023 updated by: Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Ömer Şevgin, Uskudar University

Investigation of the Effects of Exercises With Mechanical Hippotherapy Device and Cawthorne-Cooksey Exercises on Balance, Dizziness, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

This study was conducted to examine the effects of exercises performed with mechanical hippotherapy device and Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises on balance, dizziness, fatigue and quality of life in patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The research is a quantitative study, and it is in the form of randomized controlled type research, one of the experimental research types. In order to provide a homogeneous distribution, the patients were divided into two different exercise groups using the double-blind method from the minimization method.

The sample of the study consisted of definitively diagnosed multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who volunteered to participate in the study. Patients who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study; While they were informed about the aims of the study, the duration of the study, the evaluation methods and the applications to be made, the informed consent form was signed by these patients and their consent was obtained. The study sample was divided into two groups by randomization method. The first group was given 35 minutes of traditional physical therapy program and 15 minutes of exercises with a mechanical hippotherapy device, while the second group was given 15 minutes of Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises in addition to the 35-minute traditional physical therapy program. Both exercise groups were given a 50-minute physical therapy program. Patients diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis in the study; It was classified according to the Expanded Disability Status Scale Score. Tinetti Balance Rating Scale was used to assess balance. The Dizziness Disability Inventory was used to assess dizziness, the Fatigue Severity Scale and the Fatigue Impact Scale to assess fatigue, and the Ferrans & Powers Quality of Life Index MS Adaptation to assess quality of life.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

50

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
    • İstanbul
      • Üsküdar, İstanbul, Turkey
        • Baskent University Istanbul Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being cooperative and oriented,
  • Being 25 - 64 years
  • Having a definite diagnosis of MS,
  • Being able to sit dependent/independently and stand supported/unsupported,
  • Not having an attack in the last 1 month or not currently in the attack period,
  • Volunteering to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having another neurological disease or musculoskeletal system problems in addition to the diagnosis of MS,
  • Being on cortisone treatment in the last 1 month or still ongoing,
  • Having a mental, cardiovascular, pulmonary or orthopedic disease that will prevent exercise.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Cawthorne-Cooksey
These exercises, which are designed to reduce vertigo, stabilize the gaze and improve balance by stimulating or operating the vestibular system during daily activities, consist of a series of eye, head, trunk and balance movements that provoke vestibular symptoms and whose difficulty increases. The degree of difficulty of the exercises was increased with the improvement of the patient. Head and trunk movements while sitting, standing and walking were added to the exercises that initially started with simple eye-head movements in bed.
Other: Cawthorne-Cooksey Exercises

A- Head and Eye Movements While Lying and Sitting:

  1. While keeping your head still, look up and then down again.
  2. Look from side to side while keeping your head still.
  3. Extend your hand at arm's length, draw your fingers towards your nose while focusing your eyes on your fingers.
  4. With eyes open, slowly turn your head from side to side.
  5. Turn your head from side to side quickly.
  6. With eyes open, slowly move your head up and down.
  7. Move your head up and down quickly.
  8. Repeat items 4,5,6 and 7 with your eyes closed.

B-Head and Body Movements While Sitting:

  1. Place an object on the floor in front of your feet, reach out to pick it up, then upright return to your position. Looking down while picking up the item, then Remind you to look up when trying to fix it.
  2. Lean forward and move the object forward and back under your knees. C- Standing Exercises

1-Get from a sitting position to a standing position and sit down again. 2-Repeat this with your eyes closed.
Experimental: Mechanical Hippotherapy
Before being taken to the device, the patients were informed about the working principle of the device, the exercises to be performed on the device, and that the exercise would be terminated in case of a possible health problem. After being placed on the device, the patient was given time until the initial balance was achieved. When the patient felt ready, a 15-minute hippotherapy session was applied at the 5th level of the 20-stage speed level by the physiotherapist.
Other: Mechanical Hippotherapy Exercises

From the patient on the mechanical hippotherapy device;

  • Maintaining trunk balance while raising both hands above head,
  • Maintaining trunk balance while opening the arms next to the trunk,
  • Maintaining trunk balance while extending the arms back and forth with successive movements,
  • Maintaining trunk balance with hands clasped behind the waist,
  • The arms are open to both sides, while transferring the weight ball from one hand to the other, it is requested to maintain the body balance.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Fatigue severity scale
Time Frame: 10 weeks
The lowest score that can be obtained from the scale is 9, and the highest score is 63. The fatigue severity scale is the average value of nine sections. A high score indicates increased fatigue severity. The scale, including the day it was filled, questions the state of fatigue in the last 1 month.
10 weeks
Fatigue Impact Scale
Time Frame: 10 weeks
The scale consists of 40 questions. The first 10 items evaluate the cognitive state, the second 10 items evaluate the physical state, and the third 20 items evaluate the psychological state. Participants gave each question a score between 0 (no problem) and 4 (maximum problem). The highest score is 160. High scores indicate fatigue. The scales question the state of fatigue in the last 1 month, including the day it was filled in. The fatigue impact scale was found to be the most ideal scale to evaluate the effect of fatigue on daily life in MS.
10 weeks
Tinetti balance rating scale
Time Frame: 10 weeks
The scale includes gait (AS) and balance (EP) subgroups. Evaluation is made with specific scoring criteria for each activity. The total score is a maximum of 28, including the walking subgroup score and the balance subgroup score. The scores obtained by the participants were recorded separately for walking and balance, and the total score was also written. Scores of 18 and below are associated with high, scores between 19 and 23 are associated with moderate, and scores of 24 and above are associated with a low risk of falling.
10 weeks
Dizziness disability inventory
Time Frame: 10 weeks
The participants were asked to score this inventory, which consists of 25 items, according to the frequency and severity of the vertigo complaint and the degree of impact it creates in daily life. Sub-inventories are intended to determine the physical, sensory and functional effects of vestibular system diseases. In the scoring of the sub-units of the inventory, 28 points determine physical disability, 36 points functional and sensory disability. The scores obtained were recorded as physical disability, emotional disability and functional disability data. The final result consists of the sum of all of them. High scores are interpreted as the patient's vertigo complaint preventing his further life.
10 weeks
Ferrans&Powers quality of life index
Time Frame: 10 weeks
This index has 5 subcategories. These; total quality of life score, health and functionality subcategory score, social and economic subcategory score, psychological/belief subcategory score and family subcategory score. The test has two parts, satisfaction and importance, and each part has the same number of questions, question content is the same. The participants were asked to fill in the questionnaire and the physiotherapist calculated the values in accordance with the scoring instructions. The score of these collected values was divided by the number of marked questions. The final score was obtained by adding 15 to the obtained values. The final score is between 0-30.
10 weeks
Extended disability status scale
Time Frame: 10 weeks
In the Disability Status Scale, the patient is evaluated over a total of 10 points. While zero indicates normal health status, 10 indicates death due to an uncommon Multiple Sclerosis. In this scale, which consists of twenty steps, 0 indicates normal neurological finding; 10 means death due to MS. Scores on the Extended disability status scale increase to correspond with worsening in MS. The first score after 0 is 1, and then clinical worsening is expressed in 0.5-point intervals.
10 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Uskudar University

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Alesta KABUK, Uskudar University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 1, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

May 1, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

April 30, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 16, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 22, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

August 23, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

August 23, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 22, 2023

Last Verified

August 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • Uskudar62

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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