Intestinal Microbiota Transplant Prior to Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant (MAST) Trial (MAST)

The goal of this clinical trial is to test the ability to restore gut microbiota to healthier levels in patients with blood cancers scheduled to have stem cell transplant.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Tolerability and acceptability of intestinal microbiota transplantation (IMT) versus placebo (as assessed via patient perspective questionnaires
• Changes in gut microbiome diversity across all timepoints
• Markers of general health, infective/microbiological and haematological outcomes including, days of fever, admission to intensive care unit, survival, non-relapsed mortality, and incidence of graft-versus-host disease across all time points measured.

Participants will be asked at their routine follow up visits to,

• Provide stool, urine and blood samples at the scheduled study visits
• Complete questionnaires at selected visits
• Swallow either Placebo or IMT capsules once at the second study visit which will occur 2 weeks prior to the stem cell transplant (+/-3 days)

Researchers will compare IMT capsules and Placebo to investigate the change in gut microbiota diversity.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia; Chronic Myeloid Leukemia; Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Placebo; Drug: EBX-102

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 50
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Julian Marchesi; Phone Number: 02033126197; Email: j.marchesi@imperial.ac.uk
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Clinical Trials Coordinator; Phone Number: +442075943767; Email: mast-trial@imperial.ac.uk

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • London, United Kingdom, SW3 6JJ
    • Recruiting
    • Royal Mardsen Hostpital
    • Principal Investigator: Emma Nicholson
    • Contact: Haemato-Oncology Department; Phone Number: 0208915 6187; Email: Emma.Nicholson@rmh.nhs.uk
  • Manchester, United Kingdom, M13 9WL
    • Not yet recruiting
    • Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
    • Contact: Farshi Pakhshan; Phone Number: 01612761234; Email: Pakhshan.Farshi@mft.nhs.uk
  • Manchester, United Kingdom, M13 9WL
    • Recruiting
    • Manchester University NHS Trust
    • Contact: Fiona Dignan; Phone Number: 0161 276 4178; Email: Alice.Cui@mft.nhs.uk
  • England
    • Birmingham, England, United Kingdom, B15 2WB
      • Recruiting
      • University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
      • Contact: Senior Haematology Research Sister; Phone Number: 01213714351; Email: HaematologyCancerResearch@uhb.nhs.uk
      • Principal Investigator: Francesca Kinsella
    • Leeds, England, United Kingdom, LS9 7TF
      • Not yet recruiting
      • Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust
      • Contact: Principal Investigator; Phone Number: 01132068561; Email: anjum.khan@nhs.net
    • London, England, United Kingdom, W12 0NN
      • Recruiting
      • Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
      • Contact: Senior Research Operations Manager; Phone Number: 02037048452; Email: Eleni.Vourvou@nhs.net
    • London, England, United Kingdom, NW1 2BU
      • Recruiting
      • University College London Hospitals NHS Trust
      • Principal Investigator: Panagiotis Kottaridis
      • Contact: BMT Trials; Email: uclh.bmttrials@nhs.net
    • London, England, United Kingdom, SE5 9RS
      • Recruiting
      • Kings College NHS Foundation Trust
      • Principal Investigator: Pramila Krishnamurthy
      • Contact: Principal Investigator; Email: p.krishnamurthy@nhs.net

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. - Patients aged 18 years and over with a morphological documented diagnosis of ALL, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), AL of ambiguous lineage, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), and CML in blast phase (Appendix 2) who are deemed fit for allogenic HCT with one of the following disease characteristics: ALL, AML, AL of ambiguous lineage

   • Patients in first complete remission (CR1) or second complete remission (CR2) including complete remission with incomplete blood count recovery with < 5% blasts (Appendix 2)
   • Secondary leukaemia (defined as previous history of MDS, antecedent haematological disease or chemotherapy exposure) in CR1 or CR2 defined as < 5% blasts (Appendix 2) MDS and CMML
   • Patients with advanced or high risk MDS with an International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-M) moderate high or higher including intermediate or high risk CMML who have < 5% blasts at the time of randomisation (Appendix 2) CML in blast phase
   • Patients with Philadelphia or BCR:ABL1 positive chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in blast phase defined by the presence of ≥ 20% blasts in blood or bone marrow who have achieved second chronic phase with < 5% blasts (Appendix 2).
2. Patients must have completed minimum of two cycles of intensive chemotherapy prior to trial enrolment (Appendix 1)
3. Patients must have received broad-spectrum antibiotics within 3 months prior to trial enrolment
4. Patients must be considered suitable/fit to undergo allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) as clinically judged by the Local investigator
5. Patients with an Karnofsky performance status score 60 or above (Appendix 3)
6. Females of and male patients of reproductive potential (i.e., not post-menopausal or surgically sterilised) must use appropriate, highly effective, contraception from the point of commencing therapy until 6 months after treatment
7. Patients have given written informed consent
8. Patients willing and able to comply with scheduled study visits and laboratory tests

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with contraindications to receiving allogeneic HCT.
2. Female patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding. All women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test before commencing treatment.
3. Adults of reproductive potential not willing to use appropriate, highly effective, contraception during the specified period.
4. Patients with renal or hepatic impairment as clinically judged by the Local Investigator.
5. Patients with active infection, HIV-positive or chronic active hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV).
6. Patients with a concurrent active malignancy or a prior malignancy, except lobular breast carcinoma in situ, fully resected basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of skin or treated cervical carcinoma in situ, incidental histologic finding of prostate cancer (T1a or T1b using the tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) clinical staging system), previous MDS, CMML, Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) resulting in secondary AML. Cancer treated with curative intent ≥ 5 years previously will be allowed. Cancer treated with curative intent < 5 years previously will not be allowed.
7. Swallowing difficulties that may preclude safe use of IMT capsules.
8. Administration of IMT within 3 months prior to enrolment (probiotic administration prior to enrolment is allowed but should be recorded at screening).
9. Patients taking probiotics after enrolment to the trial.
10. Gastrointestinal disorders and diseases, including delayed gastric emptying, coeliac disease, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic diarrhoea, and colonic perforation or fistula.
11. Any autoimmune disease requiring, or that may require, systemic treatment with steroids and/or other immunosuppressants/immunomodulators.
12. Significant bleeding disorder (ALL, AML, AL of ambiguous lineage, MDS, CMML, and CML satisfying inclusion criteria are not excluded).
13. Anaphylactic food allergy.
14. Requirement for vasopressors.
15. Valvular heart disease or known structural defects of the heart.
16. Known severe allergy to capsule components.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; Patients randomised on to the placebo arm will swallow 10 placebo capsules once at the second study visit approximately 2 weeks before the stem cell transplantation. The capsules contain inactive ingredients (microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium stearate) and will have the same appearance, weight, and packaging weight to the IMT capsules in the treatment arm to maintain treatment blinding.	Drug: Placebo; The capsules contain inactive ingredients microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium stearate.
Active Comparator: EBX-102-02; Patients randomised on to the Treatment arm will swallow 10 capsules once at the second study visit approximately 2 weeks before the stem cell transplantation. Each capsule will contain 1x10^6 - 1x10^9 colony forming units (CFU)/g of viable microorganisms and will have the same appearance, weight and packaging weight to the placebo capsules in the treatment arm to maintain treatment blinding.	Drug: EBX-102; EBX-102 is a white size 0 gastro-resistant hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) capsule containing communities of dried, intestinal microorganisms extracted from rigorously screened pooled human stool samples obtained from volunteer accredited donors.; Other Names: IMT capsules

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in gut microbiota diversity using Inverse Simpsons Index	Ecological metric to measure diversity in the gut microbiome in samples collected at two time points. It considers both the number of species present (richness) and their relative abundance (evenness). The Inverse index scale ranges from 0-1 with higher ranges indicating higher diversity.	Screening - up to 42 before stem cell transplantation (HCT) and Assessment 5 - Day 28(+/-3) post stem cell transplantation (HCT)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Gut Microbiome Diversity - Alpha diversity	Measured via changes in Chao-1 , Shannon index and Faith's PD to estimate the richness and functional composition across all timepoints	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Alpha Diversity - Chao1 Index	A non-parametric method for estimating Species Richness: referring to the total number of different species present in the gut microbiome, particularly useful for accounting for undetected species.points	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Alpha Diversity - Shannon Index	An ecological metric used to measure which combines both, Species Richness: referring to the total number of different species present in the gut microbiome. Species Evenness: this indicates how evenly the species are distributed. A higher index value implies higher evenness and richness.	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Alpha Diversity - Faiths Phylogenetic Diversity (Faiths PD)	An ecological metric used to measure, Species Richness: referring to the total number of different species present in the gut microbiome. Faiths PD also uses the phylogenetic tree of the identified species to measure the total evolutionary distance. A higher Faith's PD value indicates a wider range of evolutionary diversity	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Beta Diversity - Aitchison Distance	Ecological metric used to compare the distance in compositions in stool samples collected at different time points will with the baseline stool sample. Larger distances might indicate differences in bacterial communities present in the gut microbiome	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Gut Microbiome Taxonomic Composition	Measured using shallow shotgun sequencing which indicates the specific bacterial types and relative abundancies. stool samples collected at different time points will be compared with the baseline stool sample.	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Markers of general health - ITU Admission	Assessed by the total number days spent in an intensive care unit (ITU) from treatment to end of study	Days Post HCT: Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Quality of life EQ-5D-5L	Quality of live measured by standardised EQ-5D-5L questionnaire which assesses five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression on a scale from 0 (worst health imaginable) to 100 (best health imaginable	Screening up to Day-42, Days Post HCT: Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Quality of Life EORTC-QLQ-C30	Quality of life measured by standardised EORTC-QLQ-C3O Questionnaire Contains 30 questions grouped into 15 functional scales. Each scale is scored individually based on the answers, resulting in a score between 0 and 100. A higher score indicates better quality of life in that specific m	Screening up to Day-42, Days Post HCT: Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Infective Haematological Outcomes - Fever Occurrence	Fever: Rise in body temperature above the normal range 38°C (100.4°F) or higher reported across all study time points post screening.	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Infective Haematological Outcomes - Fever CTCAE Grade	Measured by the number of reported occurrences of grade I - IV following the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading system	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Infective Haematological Outcomes - Infection	Measured by reported occurrences of bloodstream infections and urinary tract infections across all time points.	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Infective Haematological Outcomes - Multi drug Resistant Bacterial Colonisation (MDROs)	Assessed by the number of reported deaths not caused by relapse or progression	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Infective Haematological Outcomes - Antibiotic Use	Measured by reported use of antibiotics to treat an infection diagnosis at all study timepoints.	All timepoints, Screening up to Day-42, Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Markers of General Health - Severity of Mucositis	Assessed by the number of reported occurrences of mucositis grade III and above following the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading system post stem cell transplantation.	The outcome will be assessed at Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Markers of General Health -Occurrence of Severe Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)	Assessed by the reported incidence of severe acute kidney post stem cell transplantation.	The outcome will be assessed at Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Markers of General Health - Occurrence of Severe liver dysfunction	Assessed by the reported incidence of severe liver dysfunction post stem cell transplantation.	The outcome will be assessed at Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Markers of general health - Use of Parenteral Nutrition	Measured by the reported use of parenteral nutrition treatment post stem cell transplantation	The outcome will be assessed at Day -7(+/-2), Day 0(+/-1), Day 7(+/-3), Day 14(+/-3), Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Neutrophil and platelet engraftment data	Neutrophil and platelet engraftment data as defined by European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) will be routinely collected	Days Post HCT: Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Recovery of T-cell Chimaerisms,	T-cell count assessed by the lymphocyte subset analysis and immunoglobulin levels will be recorded at follow-up assessments.	Follow up Assessments: Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Haematological Outcomes - Non-relapsed mortality	Assessed by the number of reported deaths not caused by relapse or progression post stem cell transplantation	Days Post HCT: Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Haematological Outcomes - Occurrence Graft vs Host Disease	Measured by the reported occurrence of Graft vs Host Disease at all follow up assessments.	Follow up Assessments: Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Haematological Outcomes - Severity of graft vs Host Disease	Measured using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Chronic/Acute GvHD Global Severity classification at all follow up assessments.	Follow up Assessments: Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Overall Survival	Overall Survival (OS) - Measured from the time of the stem cell transplant date to the reporting of death from any cause up to 1 year post stem cell	Days Post HCT: Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)
Graft-versus disease-free relapse-free survival	Graft-versus disease-free relapse-free survival (GFRS) - Measured from the time of the stem cell transplant date to the reporting of the first occurrence of either relapse or any grade of graft vs host disease (GVHD)	Days Post HCT: Day 28(+/-3), Day 100(+/-7), Day 200(+/-7) & Day 365(+/-14)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Imperial College London
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Jiri Pavlu, Imperial College London

Publications and helpful links

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• Hacquard S, Garrido-Oter R, Gonzalez A, Spaepen S, Ackermann G, Lebeis S, McHardy AC, Dangl JL, Knight R, Ley R, Schulze-Lefert P. Microbiota and Host Nutrition across Plant and Animal Kingdoms. Cell Host Microbe. 2015 May 13;17(5):603-16. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.009.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): February 1, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): May 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 3, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 4, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): April 9, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 17, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 14, 2025
• Last Verified: April 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: MAST
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Neoplasms; Chronic Disease; Disease Attributes; Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Hematologic Diseases; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases; Bone Marrow Diseases; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Myeloproliferative Disorders; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive
• Other Study ID Numbers: C/42/2022; 2022-003617-10 (EudraCT Number)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: An anonymised dataset may be prepared for sharing; a controlled access approach will be followed where data requestors will need to provide information to gain access to the data. The review will be taken by the sponsor and the clinical trials unit for a fully unbiased approach as recommended by the Institute of Medicine. Access to data may be granted but further restrictions regarding the access process may apply e.g. access through a secure web interface." The study protocol will be published as a supplement.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Study Protocol will be available once the study is open for recruitment Analytic code and Clinical Study Report can be requested once results have been published
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Data Requestors must contact the MAST study (mast-trial@imperial.ac.uk) to follow the approval process of obtaining access to the trial data
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; ANALYTIC_CODE; CSR

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No