Effect of Instability Resistance Training on Balance, Core Muscle Strength, and Athletic Performance

Effect of Instability Resistance Training on Balance, Core Muscle Strength, and Athletic Performance Among Young Male Chinese Kayak Canoeists

The goal of this experimental study is to examine the effect of instability resistance training (IRT) on balance ability, core muscle strength, and athletic performance of young Chinese male kayak canoeists. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Do the IRT and TRT methods have any effect on the subject's balance ability in terms of static balance and dynamic balance? Do the IRT and TRT methods have any effect on the subject's isometric strength of the core muscle group in terms of abdomen, back, left lateral, and right lateral? Do the IRT and TRT methods have any effect on the subject's isotonic strength of the core muscle group in terms of flexion, extension, left lateral flexion, and right lateral flexion? Do the IRT and TRT methods have any effect on the subject's athletic performance in terms of dynamometer performance and calm-water performance?

Researchers will compare the effect of instability resistance training (IRT) and traditional resistance training (TRT) on balance ability, core muscle strength, and athletic performance of young Chinese male kayak canoeists.

Participants will:

Take 12-week instability resistance training (IRT) and traditional resistance training (TRT) difficulty level (primary level 1-4 weeks, intermediate level 5-8 weeks, and advanced-level 9-12 weeks).

Take 3 training sessions per week and complete the training on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from 4 to 5 pm.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Athletic Performance
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Instability resistance training and Traditional resistance training

Detailed Description

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a 12-week IRT on balance, core strength, and athletic performance among young male Chinese kayak canoeists. A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (CRCT) study was conducted. Firstly, the 2 city-level representative teams were chosen from 4 city-level representative teams of Jiangxi province and randomly assigned as two groups (experimental group and control group) using the Lottery Method. Secondly, 64 eligible kayak canoeists between the ages of 16-22 years (19.10±1.38) were recruited from the selected 2 city-level representative teams and randomly assigned to the instability resistance training (IRT) for the experimental group and traditional resistance training (TRT) for the control group using the same Lottery Method. The intervention was divided into 3 levels (primary, intermediate, and advanced) for IRT and TRT. Both groups performed training for 60 minutes, three times a week. The Swiss ball, BOSU ball, and Wobble boards were only provided with unstable surfaces for the IRT group. The intensity was body weight for both training methods. Dependent variables involving balance, core muscle strength, and athletic performance were measured using Flamingo Balance Test (FBT), Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Abdomen Bridge (AB), Back Bridge (BB), Left and Right Lateral Bridge (LLB and RLB), 1min Sit-Up (SU), 1min Back Hyperextension (BH), 1min Left and Right Lateral V-up (LLV and RLV), K-1 200m Dynamometer Performance (DP), and Men's K-1 200m Calm-Water Performance (CWP) tests respectively in pre-test, post-test 1 (week 6), post-test 2 (week 12).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Malaysia
  • Selangor
    • Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, 43400
      • Jianxin Gao

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Male, Aged 16-22, and Healthy

Exclusion Criteria:

Athletes who are systematically training their balance ability and core muscle strength

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Instability resistance training; After pre-testing, participants were randomly assigned to two groups. The participants of the IRT group were conducted in a 12-week (July 3 to September 22, 2023) Instability resistance training program that was performed one hour and three times per week (Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from 4 to 5 pm) in the Nanchang Yao Lake base.	Other: Instability resistance training and Traditional resistance training; The 20 intervention actions were divided into three levels (primary, intermediate, and advanced) for instability resistance training and traditional resistance training. Both groups performed training for 60 minutes three times a week. The Swiss ball, BOSU ball, and Wobble boards only provided an unstable surface environment for instability resistance training. The intensity/load was body weight for both training methods.
Experimental: Traditional resistance training; After pre-testing, participants were randomly assigned to two groups. The participants of the TRT group were conducted in a 12-week (July 3 to September 22, 2023) traditional resistance training program that was performed one hour and three times per week (Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from 4 to 5 pm) in the Ganzhou Shangyou base.	Other: Instability resistance training and Traditional resistance training; The 20 intervention actions were divided into three levels (primary, intermediate, and advanced) for instability resistance training and traditional resistance training. Both groups performed training for 60 minutes three times a week. The Swiss ball, BOSU ball, and Wobble boards only provided an unstable surface environment for instability resistance training. The intensity/load was body weight for both training methods.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Static Balance	Flamingo Balance Test	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)
Dynamic Balance	Star Excursion Balance Test	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)
Abdomen Core Strength	Abdomen Bridge	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)
Back Core Strength	Back Bridge	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)
Left Lateral Core Strength	Left Lateral Bridge	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)
Right Lateral Core Strength	Right Lateral Bridge	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)
Dynamometer Performance	Men's K-1 200m Dynamometer Performance	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)
Calm-Water Performance	Men's K-1 200m Calm-Water Performance	This study collected data in pre-test (before intervention), post-test 1 (6 weeks after intervention), and post-test 2 (12 weeks after intervention)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Universiti Putra Malaysia

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 19, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 22, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): September 22, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 7, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 21, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): May 29, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 29, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 21, 2024
• Last Verified: May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Athletic performance; Balance ability; Instability resistance training; Core muscle strength; Kayak canoeists
• Other Study ID Numbers: JKEUPM-2023-256

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No