Hospital Foodservice, Patient Satisfaction, and Malnutrition Risk

July 9, 2024 updated by: Hande Seven Avuk, Istanbul Bilgi University

Relationship Between Hospital Foodservice, Patient Satisfaction, and Malnutrition Risk: A Pilot Study in Hospital

Malnutrition is the body's inability to absorb necessary nutrients, often due to disease, hunger, aging, or other factors. The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) focuses on the malnutrition aspect [1,2]. Unidentified or unmonitored malnutrition before hospitalization, complications affecting eating, patient inability to eat regularly due to exams/treatments, delayed meal times, psychological factors, hospital stay duration, lack of nutrition awareness, prejudices against hospital meals, etc., can lead to hospital malnutrition. Patient-related issues and lack of dietitian referrals may contribute, with food service problems being a key factor in nutritional decline [3,4]. The critical factors affecting the patient's food appreciation include the appearance, presentation, taste, consistency, texture, and temperature. In cases where patient expectations and satisfaction are not met, a decrease in food consumption and an increase in the amount of leftovers are observed. It has been observed that if the organoleptic properties and presentation style of the food offered to the patient are good, the patients evaluate the food as high quality, and their satisfaction with the food increases [5]. As a result, not being able to consume food due to lack of meal satisfaction means that the energy and elements that the patient needs are not taken into the body, which increases the patient's risk of malnutrition [4]. Effective hospital meal provision is crucial in preventing malnutrition, as emphasized by ESPEN. One of the most essential duties of the dietitian is to supervise every stage of food services to ensure the consumption of foods suitable for medical nutrition treatment of the hospitalized patient [6,7].

This study aimed to determine the role and effect of hospital food services on inpatient malnutrition. For this purpose, NRS-2002 screening was performed on 310 inpatients within three days after admission. NRS-2002 is a comprehensive screening test that the ESPEN recommends for hospitalized patients. Along with the second NRS-2002 screening, a food service satisfaction survey was administered to patients. The results of both NRS-2002 screening and satisfaction surveys were evaluated.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

310

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
      • Samsun, Turkey, 55270
        • Ondokuz Mayıs University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

N/A

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients who were hospitalized in neurology, internal medicine, general surgery, cardiovascular surgery, and chest disease clinics.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • aged 18-65 years
  • volunteers patients
  • Patients who were hospitalized for at least seven days

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with a hospital stay of less than seven days,
  • receiving oral intake restrictive treatment,
  • patients in the terminal phase,
  • patients under 18 years of ages,
  • patients over 65 years of ages.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Observational Study Group
  • Aged 18-65,
  • Volunteers at the Isparta City Hospital
  • Patients who were hospitalized in neurology, internal medicine, general surgery, cardiovascular surgery, and chest disease clinics for at least seven days
Other: Observational Malnutrition Screening and Foodservice Satisfaction
Patients asked Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire and malnutrition risk assessed with NRS-2002 screening tool.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
NRS-2002 Screening Tool
Time Frame: NRS-2002 was administered for the first time 2 days after the patients were hospitalized. It was repeated for the second time 1 week later.
NRS-2002 is a malnutrition assessment tool developed by Kondrup et al. As a result of the screening test, patients are classified as having no risk of malnutrition (<3 points) and having a risk of malnutrition (≥3 points)
NRS-2002 was administered for the first time 2 days after the patients were hospitalized. It was repeated for the second time 1 week later.
Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ACHFPSQ)
Time Frame: The scale was administered once, 9 days after hospitalization, together with the NRS-2002 second screening.
Acute Care Hospital Foodservice Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ACHFPSQ), developed by Capra et al. It is evaluated out of a total of 100 points. The increase in the patient's scale score in each sub-dimension means that satisfaction with hospital food services also increases.
The scale was administered once, 9 days after hospitalization, together with the NRS-2002 second screening.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Istanbul Bilgi University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Birsen Demirel, PhD, Ondokuz Mayıs University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 1, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

February 28, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

February 28, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 3, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 9, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

July 15, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 15, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 9, 2024

Last Verified

July 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • FOODSAT

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

IPD Plan Description

Data will be available upon reasonable request from corresponding author.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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