Testing a Standardized Approach to Surgery and Chemotherapy for Type I Pleuropulmonary Blastoma or the Addition of an Anti-cancer Drug, Topotecan, to the Usual Treatment for Types II and III Pleuropulmonary Blastoma

May 1, 2026 updated by: Children's Oncology Group

Prospective Treatment of Types I, II and III Pleuropulmonary Blastoma (PPB)

This phase III trial tests how well surgery plus chemotherapy compared to surgery alone works in treating patients with type I pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), and tests how well surgery plus standard chemotherapy with the addition of topotecan works compared to surgery plus standard chemotherapy alone in treating patients with type II and III PPB.

Historically, most children with type I PPB had surgery and approximately 40% of children with type I PPB received chemotherapy following their surgery, usually for 22-42 weeks. There has not been a consistent standard for which children with type I PPB receive chemotherapy after surgery. For patients whose tumor has been removed completely with surgery, observation without chemotherapy may work as well as giving chemotherapy after surgery in preventing a return of the PPB tumor.

The standard chemotherapy for patients with types II or III PPB in the United States is four cycles of IVADo (ifosfamide, vincristine, dactinomycin, and doxorubicin) followed by 8 cycles of IVA (ifosfamide, vincristine and dactinomycin). Ifosfamide is in a class of medications called alkylating agents. It works by slowing or stopping the growth of tumor cells in the body. Vincristine is in a class of medications called vinca alkaloids. It works by stopping tumor cells from growing and dividing and may kill them. Dactinomycin is a type of antibiotic that is only used in cancer chemotherapy (antineoplastic antibiotic). It works by damaging the cell's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and may kill tumor cells. Doxorubicin is in a class of medications called anthracyclines. Doxorubicin damages the cell's DNA and may kill tumor cells. It also blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair. Topotecan is in a class of medications called topoisomerase I inhibitors. It works by interfering with tumor cell DNA which kills them. Giving topotecan in addition to standard IVADo and IVA chemotherapy regimens may shrink the cancer as well as or better than the standard therapy or could decrease the chance the tumor spreads while causing fewer side effects.

Study Overview

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To determine the overall response rate (complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]) to 2 cycles of window therapy with vincristine, topotecan and cyclophosphamide in children with Types II and III pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in children with Types II and III PPB.

II. To estimate 3-year PFS and OS in children with Type I PPB treated with surgery or surgery and chemotherapy using standardized guidelines.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess primary resection rate in children with Types I, II and III PPB using central radiology review and standardized surgical guidelines.

II. To assess surgical complications among those undergoing primary resection versus (vs.) biopsy followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy for Types II and III PPB.

III. To establish a new cohort of prospectively treated children with newly diagnosed PPB which will serve as a comparison group for future novel agent trials.

IV. To evaluate toxicities in children treated for PPB including late cardiopulmonary toxicity.

V. To evaluate the molecular genetics/epigenetics of PPB and correlate with outcomes.

VI. To collect tumor tissue and serial blood samples for tumor profiling, liquid biopsies, and future correlative biology studies.

OUTLINE: Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 groups. For both groups, tumor tissue is centrally reviewed by a study pathologist. Blood samples are collected at specific clinical timepoints.

GROUP I (TYPE I/Ir PPB): Patients < 5 years old with Type I PPB whose tumor was not able to be completely removed by surgery are assigned to Arm 1. All other patients are assigned to Arm 2.

ARM 1 (VAC1200/VA REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine intravenously (IV) on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycles 1-3 and 5-7, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo blood sample collection, computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound throughout the study.

ARM 2: Patients undergo observation on study. This includes blood sample collection, chest CT, and ultrasound throughout the study.

GROUP II: (TYPE II/III PPB):

CYCLES 1-2 (VTC400 REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle, topotecan IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 15-30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 2 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo multi-gated acquisition (MUGA) or echocardiography (ECHO), positron emission tomography (PET) or bone scan, CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and blood sample collection throughout the study.

Patients with complete response, partial response, or stable disease after cycle 2 are assigned to Arm 3. Patients with disease progression after cycle 2 are assigned to Arm 4. Patients also undergo surgery and radiation therapy as clinically indicated.

ARM 3:

CYCLES 3-6 (IVADo REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, ifosfamide IV over 3 hours on days 1-2 of each cycle, dexrazoxane IV over 5-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle, and doxorubicin IV over 3-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

CYCLES 7, 9, 11 (VTC250 REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of each cycle, topotecan IV over 30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 15-30 minutes on days 1-5 of each cycle. Treatment continues for 21 days every odd cycle for 3 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

CYCLES 8, 10, 12 (VAC1200 REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of each cycle. Treatment continues for 21 days every even cycle for 3 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

ARM 4:

CYCLES 3-6 (IVADo REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, ifosfamide IV over 3 hours on days 1-2 of each cycle, dexrazoxane IV over 5-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle, and doxorubicin IV over 3-15 minutes on days 1-2 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

CYCLES 7-12 (IVA REGIMEN): Patients receive vincristine IV on day 1 of each cycle, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and ifosfamide IV over 3 hours on day 1 of each cycle. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 6 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed every 3 months for 24 months, then every 6 months until 5 years.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

110

Phase

  • Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

      • Québec, Canada, G1V 4G2
        • Recruiting
        • CHU de Quebec-Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval (CHUL)
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Bruno Michon
        • Contact:
    • Nova Scotia
      • Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3K 6R8
        • Recruiting
        • IWK Health Centre
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Craig Erker
    • Ontario
      • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X8
        • Recruiting
        • Hospital for Sick Children
        • Principal Investigator:
          • David Malkin
        • Contact:
    • Quebec
      • Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3H 1P3
        • Recruiting
        • The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Stephanie Mourad
      • Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
        • Recruiting
        • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Monia Marzouki
        • Contact:
      • Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1H 5N4
        • Recruiting
        • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke-Fleurimont
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Josee Brossard
    • Alabama
      • Birmingham, Alabama, United States, 35233
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of Alabama
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Elizabeth D. Alva
    • Arizona
      • Phoenix, Arizona, United States, 85016
        • Recruiting
        • Phoenix Childrens Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 602-546-0920
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alok K. Kothari
    • Arkansas
      • Little Rock, Arkansas, United States, 72202-3591
        • Recruiting
        • Arkansas Children's Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael W. Bishop
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 501-364-7373
    • California
      • Loma Linda, California, United States, 92354
        • Recruiting
        • Loma Linda University Medical Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 909-558-4050
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Albert Kheradpour
      • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90027
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital Los Angeles
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Rachana Shah
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 323-361-4110
      • Madera, California, United States, 93636
        • Recruiting
        • Valley Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Ruetima Titapiwatanakun
      • Oakland, California, United States, 94611
        • Recruiting
        • Kaiser Permanente-Oakland
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 877-642-4691
          • Email: Kpoct@kp.org
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Aarati V. Rao
      • Oakland, California, United States, 94609
        • Recruiting
        • UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Arun A. Rangaswami
        • Contact:
      • San Francisco, California, United States, 94158
        • Recruiting
        • UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Arun A. Rangaswami
    • Colorado
      • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital Colorado
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Navin R. Pinto
        • Contact:
      • Denver, Colorado, United States, 80218
        • Recruiting
        • Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children-Presbyterian Saint Luke's Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Florence Choo
    • Delaware
      • Wilmington, Delaware, United States, 19803
        • Recruiting
        • Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sridhi Patel
    • District of Columbia
      • Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States, 20010
        • Recruiting
        • Children's National Medical Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jeffrey S. Dome
        • Contact:
    • Florida
      • Fort Myers, Florida, United States, 33908
        • Recruiting
        • Golisano Children's Hospital of Southwest Florida
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Emad K. Salman
      • Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32207
        • Recruiting
        • Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sridhi Patel
      • Miami, Florida, United States, 33155
        • Recruiting
        • Nicklaus Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 888-624-2778
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Maggie E. Fader
      • Orlando, Florida, United States, 32806
        • Recruiting
        • Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jaime M. Libes-Bander
        • Contact:
      • Orlando, Florida, United States, 32827
        • Recruiting
        • Nemours Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sridhi Patel
      • Pensacola, Florida, United States, 32504
      • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33607
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Don E. Eslin
    • Georgia
      • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30329
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Arthur M Blank Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sarah G. Mitchell
        • Contact:
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611
        • Recruiting
        • Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 773-880-4562
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Elizabeth A. Sokol
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637
        • Recruiting
        • University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Lorraine E. Canham
    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
        • Recruiting
        • Riley Hospital for Children
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-248-1199
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Marissa Just
    • Iowa
      • Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242
        • Recruiting
        • University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-237-1225
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Andrew P. Groves
    • Kentucky
      • Lexington, Kentucky, United States, 40536
        • Not yet recruiting
        • University of Kentucky/Markey Cancer Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 859-257-3379
        • Principal Investigator:
          • James T. Badgett
      • Louisville, Kentucky, United States, 40202
        • Recruiting
        • Norton Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael J. Ferguson
    • Louisiana
      • New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, 70118
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital New Orleans
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Maria C. Velez-Yanguas
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 504-894-5377
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21287
        • Recruiting
        • Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kathryn Lemberg
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215
        • Recruiting
        • Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 877-442-3324
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Junne Kamihara
    • Michigan
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
        • Recruiting
        • C S Mott Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-865-1125
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Rama Jasty
      • Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48201
      • Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States, 49503
        • Recruiting
        • Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kathleen Y. Butler
      • Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States, 49007
        • Recruiting
        • Bronson Methodist Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kathleen Y. Butler
    • Minnesota
      • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55404
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael K. Richards
        • Contact:
      • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
        • Recruiting
        • Mayo Clinic in Rochester
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 855-776-0015
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Peter Schoettler
    • Mississippi
      • Jackson, Mississippi, United States, 39216
        • Recruiting
        • University of Mississippi Medical Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Betty L. Herrington
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 601-815-6700
    • Missouri
      • Kansas City, Missouri, United States, 64108
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Keith J. August
        • Contact:
      • St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
        • Recruiting
        • Washington University School of Medicine
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Frederick S. Huang
    • Nebraska
      • Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68114
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital and Medical Center of Omaha
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 402-955-3949
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jill C. Beck
      • Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68198
        • Recruiting
        • University of Nebraska Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jill C. Beck
    • New Jersey
      • New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States, 08903
        • Recruiting
        • Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Scott Moerdler
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 732-235-8675
      • Paterson, New Jersey, United States, 07503
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Joseph's Regional Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alissa Kahn
    • New York
      • Albany, New York, United States, 12208
        • Recruiting
        • Albany Medical Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 518-262-5513
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Lauren R. Weintraub
      • New Hyde Park, New York, United States, 11040
        • Recruiting
        • The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 718-470-3460
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Carolyn F. Levy
      • The Bronx, New York, United States, 10467
        • Recruiting
        • Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alice Lee
      • Valhalla, New York, United States, 10595
        • Recruiting
        • New York Medical College
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 914-594-3794
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jessica C. Hochberg
    • North Carolina
      • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599
        • Recruiting
        • UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Thomas B. Alexander
      • Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27710
        • Recruiting
        • Duke University Medical Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jessica M. Sun
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 888-275-3853
    • North Dakota
      • Fargo, North Dakota, United States, 58122
    • Ohio
      • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States, 45229
        • Recruiting
        • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Brian K. Turpin
      • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106
        • Recruiting
        • Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 216-844-5437
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Duncan S. Stearns
      • Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43205
      • Dayton, Ohio, United States, 45404
        • Recruiting
        • Dayton Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-228-4055
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jordan M. Wright
    • Oklahoma
      • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73104
        • Recruiting
        • University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Rene Y. McNall-Knapp
    • Oregon
      • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97239
        • Not yet recruiting
        • Oregon Health and Science University
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Katrina Winsnes
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Frank M. Balis
      • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15224
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Brittani K. Seynnaeve
    • South Carolina
      • Greenville, South Carolina, United States, 29605
        • Recruiting
        • BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Aniket Saha
        • Contact:
    • South Dakota
      • Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States, 57117-5134
    • Tennessee
      • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38105
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alberto S. Pappo
      • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37232
        • Recruiting
        • Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Daniel J. Benedetti
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-811-8480
      • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37203
        • Recruiting
        • The Children's Hospital at TriStar Centennial
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 615-342-1919
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Clinton M. Carroll
    • Texas
      • Austin, Texas, United States, 78723
        • Recruiting
        • Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Shannon M. Cohn
      • Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390
        • Recruiting
        • UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Avanthi T. Shah
      • Fort Worth, Texas, United States, 76104
      • Lubbock, Texas, United States, 79410
        • Recruiting
        • Covenant Children's Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kishor M. Bhende
        • Contact:
      • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78207
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of San Antonio
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Julie Voeller
      • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78229
        • Recruiting
        • Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jose M. Esquilin
    • Utah
      • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84113
        • Recruiting
        • Primary Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 801-585-5270
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Matthew Dietz
    • Virginia
      • Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, 22908
      • Norfolk, Virginia, United States, 23507
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Melissa S. Mark
    • Washington
      • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98105
        • Not yet recruiting
        • Seattle Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 866-987-2000
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sarah E. Leary
      • Spokane, Washington, United States, 99204
        • Recruiting
        • Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Judy L. Felgenhauer
    • Wisconsin
      • Green Bay, Wisconsin, United States, 54301
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Vincent Hospital Cancer Center Green Bay
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Catherine A. Long
        • Contact:
      • Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53792
        • Recruiting
        • University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Margo L. Hoover-Regan

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 21 years of age or younger
  • Newly diagnosed PPB. Note that patients with known germline DICER1 variant or mosaicism with a large, solid unresectable thoracic mass with imaging features characteristic for Type II or III PPB are eligible without histologic confirmation of the diagnosis if a biopsy of the mass is not considered safe or feasible

    • Individuals are eligible based on institutional diagnosis of Type I, Ir, II or III PPB diagnosed within 60 days prior to enrollment. Children with Type II or III PPB at risk for clinical decompensation may receive protocol therapy while awaiting rapid central pathology review. Children with Type I or Ir PPB will be assigned to chemotherapy vs. observation based on imaging and central pathology review diagnosis. Type I and Ir patients should not begin chemotherapy prior to return of central pathology results
  • For patients with Type II or III PPB (within 7 days prior to enrollment): A serum creatinine based on age/sex as follows:

    • Age: 1 month to < 6 months - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.4 (Male), 0.4 (Female)
    • Age: 6 months to < 1 year - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.5 (Male), 0.5 (Female)
    • Age: 1 to < 2 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.6 (Male), 0.6 (Female)
    • Age: 2 to < 6 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 0.8 (Male), 0.8 (Female)
    • Age: 6 to < 10 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1 (Male), 1 (Female)
    • Age: 10 to < 13 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1.2 (Male), 1.2 (Female)
    • Age: 13 to < 16 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1.5 (Male), 1.4 (Female)
    • Age: ≥ 16 years - Maximum Serum Creatinine (mg/dL): 1.7 (Male), 1.4 (Female) OR - A 24 hour urine creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 OR - A glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2. GFR must be performed using direct measurement with a nuclear blood sampling method OR direct small molecule clearance method (iothalamate or other molecule per institutional standard)
    • Note: Estimated GFR (eGFR) from serum creatinine, cystatin C or other estimates are not acceptable for determining eligibility
  • For patients with Type II or III PPB (within 7 days prior to enrollment): Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
  • For patients with Type II or III PPB (within 7 days prior to enrollment): Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) (alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) ≤ 135 U/L

    • Note: For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT (ALT) has been set to the value of 45 U/L
  • Shortening fraction of ≥ 27% by echocardiogram, or ejection fraction of ≥ 50% by radionuclide angiogram (within 21 days prior to start of protocol therapy)
  • HIV-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible as long as they are NOT receiving anti-retroviral agents that are strong inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Administration of prior PPB-directed chemotherapy is an exclusion criterion. Prior treatment for another malignancy is not an exclusion criterion
  • Patients with known Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
  • Female patients who are pregnant since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs. A pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential
  • Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants
  • Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation
  • All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
  • All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Group II, Arm 3 (VTC400, IVADo, VTC250, VAC1200 regimens)
See Detailed Description for Group II, Arm 3.
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Asta Z 4942
  • Asta Z-4942
  • Cyfos
  • Holoxan
  • Holoxane
  • Ifex
  • IFO
  • IFO-Cell
  • Ifolem
  • Ifomida
  • Ifomide
  • Ifosfamidum
  • Ifoxan
  • IFX
  • Iphosphamid
  • Iphosphamide
  • Iso-Endoxan
  • Isoendoxan
  • Isophosphamide
  • Mitoxana
  • MJF 9325
  • MJF-9325
  • Naxamide
  • Seromida
  • Tronoxal
  • Z 4942
  • Z-4942
Undergo collection of blood samples
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Undergo CT
Other Names:
  • CT
  • CAT
  • CAT Scan
  • Computed Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Tomography
  • CT Scan
  • tomography
  • Computerized axial tomography (procedure)
  • Computerized Tomography (CT) scan
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Cytoxan
  • CTX
  • (-)-Cyclophosphamide
  • 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorine, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, monohydrate
  • Carloxan
  • Ciclofosfamida
  • Ciclofosfamide
  • Cicloxal
  • Clafen
  • Claphene
  • CP monohydrate
  • CYCLO-cell
  • Cycloblastin
  • Cycloblastine
  • Cyclophospham
  • Cyclophosphamid monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamidum
  • Cyclophosphan
  • Cyclophosphane
  • Cyclophosphanum
  • Cyclostin
  • Cyclostine
  • Cytophosphan
  • Cytophosphane
  • Fosfaseron
  • Genoxal
  • Genuxal
  • Ledoxina
  • Mitoxan
  • Neosar
  • Revimmune
  • Syklofosfamid
  • WR- 138719
  • Asta B 518
  • B-518
  • WR-138719
  • B 518
  • B518
  • WR 138719
  • WR138719
Given IV
Other Names:
  • VCR
  • Leurocristine
  • Vincrystine
  • LCR
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Adriablastin
  • Hydroxydaunomycin
  • Hydroxyl Daunorubicin
  • Hydroxyldaunorubicin
Undergo PET
Other Names:
  • Medical Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography
  • PET
  • PET Scan
  • Positron Emission Tomography Scan
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • PT
  • Positron emission tomography (procedure)
Undergo MUGA
Other Names:
  • Blood Pool Scan
  • Equilibrium Radionuclide Angiography
  • Gated Blood Pool Imaging
  • MUGA
  • Radionuclide Ventriculography
  • RNVG
  • SYMA Scanning
  • Synchronized Multigated Acquisition Scanning
  • MUGA Scan
  • Multi-Gated Acquisition Scan
  • Radionuclide Ventriculogram Scan
  • Gated Heart Pool Scan
  • RNV Scan
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Hycamptamine
  • Topotecan Lactone
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Cosmegen
  • Actinomycin A IV
  • Actinomycin C1
  • Actinomycin I1
  • Actinomycin IV
  • Actinomycin X 1
  • Actinomycin-[thr-val-pro-sar-meval]
  • DACT
  • Dactinomycine
  • Lyovac Cosmegen
  • Meractinomycin
  • Actinomycin D
Undergo bone scan
Other Names:
  • Bone Scintigraphy
Given IV
Other Names:
  • ADR-529
  • ICRF-187
  • Razoxane (+)-form
  • Soluble ICRF (L-isomer)
  • 2, 6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'-propylenedi-, (P)- (8CI)
  • 2,6-Piperazinedione, 4, 4'-(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-, (S)- (9CI)
  • ADR 529
  • ADR529
  • ICRF 187
  • ICRF187
Undergo ECHO
Other Names:
  • Echocardiography
  • EC
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Experimental: Group II, Arm 4 (VTC400, IVADo, IVA regimens)
See Detailed Description for Group II, Arm 4.
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Asta Z 4942
  • Asta Z-4942
  • Cyfos
  • Holoxan
  • Holoxane
  • Ifex
  • IFO
  • IFO-Cell
  • Ifolem
  • Ifomida
  • Ifomide
  • Ifosfamidum
  • Ifoxan
  • IFX
  • Iphosphamid
  • Iphosphamide
  • Iso-Endoxan
  • Isoendoxan
  • Isophosphamide
  • Mitoxana
  • MJF 9325
  • MJF-9325
  • Naxamide
  • Seromida
  • Tronoxal
  • Z 4942
  • Z-4942
Undergo collection of blood samples
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Undergo CT
Other Names:
  • CT
  • CAT
  • CAT Scan
  • Computed Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Tomography
  • CT Scan
  • tomography
  • Computerized axial tomography (procedure)
  • Computerized Tomography (CT) scan
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Cytoxan
  • CTX
  • (-)-Cyclophosphamide
  • 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorine, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, monohydrate
  • Carloxan
  • Ciclofosfamida
  • Ciclofosfamide
  • Cicloxal
  • Clafen
  • Claphene
  • CP monohydrate
  • CYCLO-cell
  • Cycloblastin
  • Cycloblastine
  • Cyclophospham
  • Cyclophosphamid monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamidum
  • Cyclophosphan
  • Cyclophosphane
  • Cyclophosphanum
  • Cyclostin
  • Cyclostine
  • Cytophosphan
  • Cytophosphane
  • Fosfaseron
  • Genoxal
  • Genuxal
  • Ledoxina
  • Mitoxan
  • Neosar
  • Revimmune
  • Syklofosfamid
  • WR- 138719
  • Asta B 518
  • B-518
  • WR-138719
  • B 518
  • B518
  • WR 138719
  • WR138719
Given IV
Other Names:
  • VCR
  • Leurocristine
  • Vincrystine
  • LCR
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Adriablastin
  • Hydroxydaunomycin
  • Hydroxyl Daunorubicin
  • Hydroxyldaunorubicin
Undergo PET
Other Names:
  • Medical Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography
  • PET
  • PET Scan
  • Positron Emission Tomography Scan
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • PT
  • Positron emission tomography (procedure)
Undergo MUGA
Other Names:
  • Blood Pool Scan
  • Equilibrium Radionuclide Angiography
  • Gated Blood Pool Imaging
  • MUGA
  • Radionuclide Ventriculography
  • RNVG
  • SYMA Scanning
  • Synchronized Multigated Acquisition Scanning
  • MUGA Scan
  • Multi-Gated Acquisition Scan
  • Radionuclide Ventriculogram Scan
  • Gated Heart Pool Scan
  • RNV Scan
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Hycamptamine
  • Topotecan Lactone
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Cosmegen
  • Actinomycin A IV
  • Actinomycin C1
  • Actinomycin I1
  • Actinomycin IV
  • Actinomycin X 1
  • Actinomycin-[thr-val-pro-sar-meval]
  • DACT
  • Dactinomycine
  • Lyovac Cosmegen
  • Meractinomycin
  • Actinomycin D
Undergo bone scan
Other Names:
  • Bone Scintigraphy
Given IV
Other Names:
  • ADR-529
  • ICRF-187
  • Razoxane (+)-form
  • Soluble ICRF (L-isomer)
  • 2, 6-Piperazinedione, 4,4'-propylenedi-, (P)- (8CI)
  • 2,6-Piperazinedione, 4, 4'-(1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bis-, (S)- (9CI)
  • ADR 529
  • ADR529
  • ICRF 187
  • ICRF187
Undergo ECHO
Other Names:
  • Echocardiography
  • EC
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Experimental: Group I, Arm 1 (VAC1200/VA regimen)
Patients receive vincristine IV on days 1, 8, and 15 of cycles 1-3 and 5-7, dactinomycin IV over 1-5 or 10-15 minutes on day 1 of each cycle, and cyclophosphamide IV over 30-60 minutes on day 1 of cycles 1-4. Cycles repeat every 21 days for 8 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist. Patients also undergo blood sample collection, CT and ultrasound throughout the study.
Undergo collection of blood samples
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Undergo CT
Other Names:
  • CT
  • CAT
  • CAT Scan
  • Computed Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Tomography
  • CT Scan
  • tomography
  • Computerized axial tomography (procedure)
  • Computerized Tomography (CT) scan
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Cytoxan
  • CTX
  • (-)-Cyclophosphamide
  • 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorine, 2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]tetrahydro-, 2-oxide, monohydrate
  • Carloxan
  • Ciclofosfamida
  • Ciclofosfamide
  • Cicloxal
  • Clafen
  • Claphene
  • CP monohydrate
  • CYCLO-cell
  • Cycloblastin
  • Cycloblastine
  • Cyclophospham
  • Cyclophosphamid monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamide Monohydrate
  • Cyclophosphamidum
  • Cyclophosphan
  • Cyclophosphane
  • Cyclophosphanum
  • Cyclostin
  • Cyclostine
  • Cytophosphan
  • Cytophosphane
  • Fosfaseron
  • Genoxal
  • Genuxal
  • Ledoxina
  • Mitoxan
  • Neosar
  • Revimmune
  • Syklofosfamid
  • WR- 138719
  • Asta B 518
  • B-518
  • WR-138719
  • B 518
  • B518
  • WR 138719
  • WR138719
Given IV
Other Names:
  • VCR
  • Leurocristine
  • Vincrystine
  • LCR
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Cosmegen
  • Actinomycin A IV
  • Actinomycin C1
  • Actinomycin I1
  • Actinomycin IV
  • Actinomycin X 1
  • Actinomycin-[thr-val-pro-sar-meval]
  • DACT
  • Dactinomycine
  • Lyovac Cosmegen
  • Meractinomycin
  • Actinomycin D
Undergo ultrasound
Other Names:
  • Ultrasound
  • 2-Dimensional Grayscale Ultrasound Imaging
  • 2-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging
  • 2D-US
  • Ultrasound Test
  • Ultrasound, Medical
  • US
  • Ultrasonography
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Active Comparator: Group I, Arm 2 (observation)
Patients undergo observation on study. This includes tumor tissue collection and review by a study pathologist, and blood sample collection, chest CT, and ultrasound throughout the study.
Undergo collection of blood samples
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Undergo CT
Other Names:
  • CT
  • CAT
  • CAT Scan
  • Computed Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Axial Tomography
  • Computerized Tomography
  • CT Scan
  • tomography
  • Computerized axial tomography (procedure)
  • Computerized Tomography (CT) scan
Undergo observation
Other Names:
  • Observation
  • Active Surveillance
  • deferred therapy
  • expectant management
  • Watchful Waiting
Undergo ultrasound
Other Names:
  • Ultrasound
  • 2-Dimensional Grayscale Ultrasound Imaging
  • 2-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging
  • 2D-US
  • Ultrasound Test
  • Ultrasound, Medical
  • US
  • Ultrasonography
Tumor tissue is collected and centrally reviewed by a study pathologist
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Objective response
Time Frame: Up to 2 cycles (cycles = 21 days) of window therapy with vincristine, topotecan and cyclophosphamide
Response rates at the end of Cycle 2 will be calculated as the percent of evaluable patients who are responders, and confidence intervals will be constructed using the Wilson score interval method. Any eligible type II/III patients who do not undergo complete resection, have measurable disease at baseline (per central review) and start protocol therapy will be included in the primary analysis.
Up to 2 cycles (cycles = 21 days) of window therapy with vincristine, topotecan and cyclophosphamide

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Progression-free survival (PFS) in children with Types II and III pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB)
Time Frame: From date of enrollment to the earliest occurrence of relapse, disease progression, or death due to any cause, assessed up to 3 years
3-year PFS, along with the confidence intervals will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. These results will be presented for Type II and III patients combined regardless of the timing of surgery.
From date of enrollment to the earliest occurrence of relapse, disease progression, or death due to any cause, assessed up to 3 years
Overall survival (OS) in children with Types II and III PPB
Time Frame: From date of enrollment to date of death due to any reason, assessed up to 3 years
3-year OS, along with the confidence intervals will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. These results will be presented for Type II and III patients combined regardless of the timing of surgery.
From date of enrollment to date of death due to any reason, assessed up to 3 years
PFS in children with Types I PPB
Time Frame: From date of enrollment to the earliest occurrence of relapse, disease progression, or death due to any cause, assessed up to 3 years
3-year PFS, along with the confidence intervals will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
From date of enrollment to the earliest occurrence of relapse, disease progression, or death due to any cause, assessed up to 3 years
OS in children with Types I PPB
Time Frame: From date of enrollment to date of death due to any reason, assessed up to 3 years
3-year OS, along with the confidence intervals will be estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
From date of enrollment to date of death due to any reason, assessed up to 3 years

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
PFS
Time Frame: Up to 5 years
Will use Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests to analyze PFS based on DICER1 germline status, hotspot mutations, and p53 status. Additionally, Cox proportional hazards regression will be used to evaluate the influence of these genetic factors on PFS controlling for confounding variables as necessary.
Up to 5 years
Primary outcome treatment effects by sex
Time Frame: Up to 5 years
Estimates of the primary outcome treatment effect and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by sex will be provided.
Up to 5 years
Primary outcome treatment effects by race
Time Frame: Up to 5 years
Estimates of the primary outcome treatment effect and the corresponding 95% CIs by race will be provided.
Up to 5 years
Primary outcome treatment effects by ethnicity
Time Frame: Up to 5 years
Estimates of the primary outcome treatment effect and the corresponding 95% CIs by ethnicity will be provided.
Up to 5 years
Resection rates for Type I PPB
Time Frame: Prior to protocol therapy
Will be reported based on central radiology reviews.
Prior to protocol therapy
Resection rates for Type II and III PPB
Time Frame: Prior to protocol therapy
Will be reported based on central radiology reviews.
Prior to protocol therapy
Resection rates for Type II and III PPB
Time Frame: Prior to cycle 5 (cycles = 21 days)
Will be reported based on central radiology reviews.
Prior to cycle 5 (cycles = 21 days)
Incidence of surgery-related adverse events
Time Frame: Up to 5 years
Percentage of patients with surgery related adverse event. Results will be summarized separately for those undergoing primary resection versus those undergoing biopsy followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Up to 5 years
Incidence of adverse events
Time Frame: Up to 36 weeks
Percentage of patients with Grade 3 or higher toxicities on protocol therapy.
Up to 36 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Kris Ann P Schultz, Children's Oncology Group

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

March 21, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

March 31, 2029

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 31, 2029

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

October 10, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 16, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

October 18, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 5, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 1, 2026

Last Verified

March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • ARAR2331 (Other Identifier: CTEP)
  • U10CA180886 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
  • NCI-2024-08232 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

Yes

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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