Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality in Nursing Students' Learning (UBUJIRV25)

Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality to Improve Learning Outcomes in Nursing Degree Students: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Teaching using VR for basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and patient examination (experimental group) will not result in differences in knowledge and skill acquisition compared to traditional classroom-based simulation teaching (control group), but it will lead to greater satisfaction and self-confidence. Open, single-center randomized clinical trial involving fourth-year nursing degree students at a public university. Participants will be assigned based on their usual teaching groups (ratio of 6-8 students per instructor) and, according to randomization, will receive a 1:1 assignment to either the control group (classroom-based simulation teaching) or the experimental group (classroom-based simulation teaching combined with VR headset teaching). The CONSORT checklist will be followed to report the study.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Informed Consent
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Experience with virtual reality glasses

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 140
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Isabel Almodóvar-Fernández, PhD; Phone Number: +0034636760923; Email: isabelalmodovarfernandez@gmail.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Marta Raurell-Torredà, phD

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

- having completed the scheduled in-person simulation in previous years of the degree .

Exclusion Criteria:

-the student does not sign the informed consent to participate in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: RV INTERVENTION; Experience with virtual reality glasses	Other: Experience with virtual reality glasses; If the group belongs to GE (teaching with in-person simulation in the classroom and teaching with VR headsets), they will also receive the two training sessions described for GC: 30 minutes of individual training through VR (headsets and controllers to perform actions while receiving immediate feedback through VR) before the in-person simulation.; Other Names: Formative intervention
No Intervention: NON RV CONTROL; Group Control

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Compare the satisfaction	To compare the satisfaction acquired by students when performing basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and patient examination between both teaching groups (experimental group - EG: VR plus in-person simulation, control group - CG: in-person simulation). We will mesure this with Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (SCLS-Sp) (Farrés-Tarafa et al., 2021) .	Five months
Compare the self-confidence	To compare the self-confidence acquired by students when performing basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation and patient examination between both teaching groups (experimental group - EG: VR plus in-person simulation, control group - CG: in-person simulation). We will mesure this with Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (SCLS-Sp) (Farrés-Tarafa et al., 2021) .	Five months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
To compare the acquisition of knowledge in each teaching group.	We will use the Knowledge and Skills Checklist to perform basic CPR to measure. Adapted from European Resuscitation Council Guidelines (Perkins et al., 2021), with official translation into Spanish from the Spanish CPR Council and validated in the Boada study (Boada et al., 2015). CPR instructor faculty who does not participate in simulation-based teaching will evaluate the performance in situ of the group during the face-to-face simulation scenario.	Five months
To compare the acquisition of skills in each teaching group.	We will use the Knowledge and Skills Checklist to perform basic CPR to measure. Adapted from European Resuscitation Council Guidelines (Perkins et al., 2021), with official translation into Spanish from the Spanish CPR Council and validated in the Boada study (Boada et al., 2015). CPR instructor faculty who does not participate in simulation-based teaching will evaluate the performance in situ of the group during the face-to-face simulation scenario.	Five months
To evaluate students' tolerance to VR headset technology.	To measure this objective, we will use the Student Tolerance Scale for Teaching with VR Glasses used by Martí-Hereu (Martí-Hereu et al., 2024). Evaluate the presence of effects collaterals of the use of VR glasses with six items (nausea, dizziness drowsiness, headache, tranquility, well-being) using a scale Likert (never, rarely, sometimes, most of the time). It will be administered to the students individually at the end of teaching with the VR glasses in both teaching groups (GC after simulation in person; GE before the face-to-face simulation).	Five months
To assess the usability of VR headsets by students.	USE questionnaire to assess the usefulness, satisfaction and ease of use of a digital technology, developed by Gao (Gao et al., 2018) and adapted to the use of immersive VR glasses with health sciences professionals by Peek (Peek et al., 2023). Scale to assess affinity with technology (ATI scale), validated to our cultural context (Franke et al., 2019).	Five months
To analyze the costs of traditional teaching with in-person simulation compared to teaching with VR.	With all the results we will be able to analyze the cost-benefit of this new technology.	Five months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Universitat Jaume I
• Collaborators: Universidad Complutense de Madrid; University of Barcelona

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): March 5, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): March 5, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): May 8, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 25, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 19, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 19, 2025
• Last Verified: February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Virtual reality; nursing students; Learning Outcomes; Inmersive virtual reality
• Other Study ID Numbers: UB-UJI-RV25

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: The study is multicenter, so it is already planned to be shared with other researchers.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: CSR

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No