Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS) and Its Impact on Serum Neurofilament Light Chain (sNfL) Levels

January 13, 2026 updated by: Wei Qiu, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University

Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS) and Its Impact on Serum Neurofilament Light Chain (sNfL) Levels：A Multicenter, Open-Label, Observational Real-World Study

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease characterized primarily by inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS), with the white matter being predominantly affected. Its etiology remains unclear and may be associated with various factors such as genetics, environment, and viral infections . Pathologically, MS presents as multiple demyelinating lesions in the CNS, which may be accompanied by damage to nerve cells and their axons. Lesions on MRI show characteristic distributions, morphologies, and signal intensities . MS typically onset in young adults and is more common in women. Frequent symptoms include visual decline, diplopia, limb sensory disturbances, limb motor impairment, ataxia, and bladder or rectal dysfunction . As MS can lead to varying degrees of neurological deficits, and repeated relapses result in disability progression, it impacts patients' normal lives and work, posing a significant burden on individuals, families, and society. Considerable progress has been made in MS treatment in recent years, with agents such as teriflunomide, fingolimod, siponimod, and dimethyl fumarate having been approved for marketing in China.

In the two concurrently conducted active-comparator trials, ASCLEPIOS I and II, involving patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis, the annualized relapse rate was significantly lower in the ofatumumab group compared to the teriflunomide group. Ofatumumab was also superior to teriflunomide in suppressing MRI lesion activity . Although the aforementioned studies have confirmed the clinical efficacy of ofatumumab in treating MS, data from Chinese populations are lacking. Its clinical effectiveness, safety, and optimal treatment timing require further support from real-world evidence.

Exploring more indicators to predict MS disease activity and progression is crucial for identifying high-risk patients, assessing prognosis, and evaluating treatment response. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a specific biomarker for neuroaxonal damage, released into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum after axonal injury . Serum and CSF NfL concentrations are highly correlated. Numerous studies in recent years have shown that high sNfL levels are associated with active T2 lesions and relapses, as well as brain volume loss. sNfL can not only monitor disease activity and treatment response at the group level in MS patients but also predict disease course, making it a valuable biomarker for predicting MS relapses and disability progression. It helps identify patients at higher risk of future disease activity and assists in clinical decision-making. Previous data from ASCLEPIOS I and II demonstrated that ofatumumab significantly reduced sNfL concentrations at the first assessment (Month 3) and at all subsequent visits in patients with RMS . However, existing studies have not included data from Chinese populations. This study aims to address this data gap for this specific population.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

80

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • China
    • Guangdong
      • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 518000
        • Recruiting
        • The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

gender unrestricted, aged at least 18 years, diagnosed with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (RMS)

Description

Inclusion Criteria:Signed and dated informed consent must be obtained before participation in the study.

Any gender, aged at least 18 years at the time of study enrollment (signing the informed consent form).

Patients with RMS meeting the 2017 Revised McDonald Criteria. EDSS score between 0 and 7. Regular follow-up with MRI monitoring. Willingness to provide blood samples. Willingness to undergo clinical assessments (including scales and physical examinations).

-

Exclusion Criteria:Decision by the subject/legal guardian . Pregnancy. Diagnosis of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML). Hypersensitivity reaction to the investigational drug. Protocol violation that poses a significant safety risk to the subject. Occurrence of certain adverse events, such as malignancy, hepatic failure, or severe chronic infections (e.g., active hepatitis B, HIV).

Any laboratory abnormality that, considering the subject's overall condition, is deemed to prevent the subject's continued participation in the study.

Any condition that may pose a safety risk due to participation in the study. Non-compliance with the administration of the investigational drug or study procedures

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Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Ofatumumab treatment reduces sNfL levels in patients with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Time Frame: Evaluation timing includes from the baseline to 12 and 24 months after starting Ofatumumab treatment.
Evaluation timing includes from the baseline to 12 and 24 months after starting Ofatumumab treatment.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University

Collaborators

Shenzhen People's Hospital
Shenzhen Second People's Hospita

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

December 1, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 13, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 13, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

January 20, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

January 20, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 13, 2026

Last Verified

January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2023-305-01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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