DASH Diet, Triglycerides and AIP in Parkinson's Disease

DASH Diet and Cardiometabolic Risk in Parkinson's Disease: Lower Triglycerides and AIP With Higher Adherence

Participants who agreed to participate in the study were informed about the purpose of the research and obtained their consent to participate in the study using an informed consent form. The study was conducted on 70 patients with Parkinson's disease. Participants who volunteered to participate in the study were given a questionnaire form containing sociodemographic characteristics. In addition, participants' anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, waist and hip circumference, Body Mass Index (BMI)), biochemical parameters (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and hematology markers (hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Htc), leukocytes and platelets, lymphocytes) and serum vitamin D, folic acid, vitamin B12) and nutritional status (food consumption frequency, DASH diet compliance) were obtained. New cardiovascular risk markers such as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte HDL ratio (MHR), and plasma atherogenic index (PAI) were calculated.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Parkinson's Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: No intervention (observational study)

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 70

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey (Türkiye)
  • Bolu, Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Health Sciences

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

This study was designed as a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study included patients who presented to the Neurology Outpatient Clinic at BAİBÜ İzzet Baysal Education and Research Hospital and diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Individuals over 19 years of age
• Individuals who are literate
• Individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals who have had an acute infection or inflammatory disease within the past month
• Individuals with chronic infectious or inflammatory diseases
• Individuals with cancer

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Individuals with Parkinson's disease; This cohort includes adult participants diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. No control group is included.	Other: No intervention (observational study); No intervention (observational study)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Questionnaire Form	Sociodemographic characteristics of the individuals (age, constipation status, presence of comorbidities, gender, smoking and alcohol use) were questioned.	6 months
Body weight (BW)	BW was measured using a calibrated digital scale placed on a flat, tiled surface. The scale was sensitive to 100 grams.	6 months
Height	Height was measured using a stadiometer with the participant's head positioned in the Frankfort plane and feet placed together.	6 months
Waist Circumference (WC)	WC was measured at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest (cristal point) using a flexible measuring tape.	6 months
Hip Circumference (HC)	HC was measured at the widest point of the hips using a flexible measuring tape.	6 months
Body Mass Index (BMI)	BMI was calculated by dividing body weight (in kilograms) by the square of height (in meters): BMI = weight (kg) / height² (m²).	6 months
Fasting Blood Glucose	Fasting blood glucose was measured using standard laboratory techniques during routine outpatient visits.	6 months
Triglycerides	Triglyceride levels were measured via fasting blood samples analyzed in the outpatient clinic laboratory.	6 months
LDL-Cholesterol	LDL-cholesterol was measured from fasting serum samples using standard enzymatic colorimetric methods.	6 months
HDL-Cholesterol	HDL-cholesterol was measured from fasting serum samples using standard enzymatic colorimetric methods.	6 months
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	CRP levels were measured using routine laboratory procedures in outpatient visits.	6 months
Vitamin D	Serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were assessed using chemiluminescence immunoassay methods in the outpatient clinic laboratory.	6 months
Folic Acid	Serum folic acid levels were measured using standard automated immunoassay techniques.immunoassay methods in the outpatient clinic laboratory.	6 months
Vitamin B12	Serum vitamin B12 concentrations were measured using automated chemiluminescent immunoassay.immunoassay methods in the outpatient clinic laboratory.	6 months
Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP)	AIP is a logarithmically transformed ratio of plasma triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [log₁₀(TG/HDL-C)], and it is used as a surrogate marker of atherogenicity and cardiovascular risk.	6 months
Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio	A biomarker reflecting the balance between inflammatory status (monocytes) and anti-atherogenic lipid components (HDL-C); it has been proposed as an indicator of systemic inflammation and cardiovascular risk.	6 months
Total Cholesterol-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio	A widely used index of atherogenic risk, representing the balance between total cholesterol and protective HDL-C, with higher values indicating increased cardiovascular risk.	6 months
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)	A systemic inflammatory marker calculated as the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes, commonly used to assess inflammatory status and immune response.	6 months
Food consumption frequency	Participants were asked about the foods they consumed in the past month from seven groups, including five basic food groups (meat and meat products, milk and dairy products, bread and grains, vegetables and fruits, sugars and fats), beverages, and fast food. Participants were asked how often and in what quantities they consumed these foods using eight options: "every meal," "every day," "5-6 days a week," "3-4 days a week," "1-2 days a week," "once every 15 days," "once a month," and "never." In evaluating food consumption records, responses regarding food consumption frequency were calculated using food consumption frequency. The amounts of food and beverages consumed were multiplied by "3" for "every meal," '1' for "every day," "0.7855" for "5-6 times a week," "0.498" for "3-4 times a week," "0.2145" for "1-2 times a week," "0.067" for "once every 15 days," and "0.033" for "once a month" to obtain the daily average amounts.	6 months
Food consumption record	A single-day food consumption record was obtained using the 24-hour recall method to determine participants' food consumption patterns. The Food and Nutrition Photo Catalog was used to estimate portions to ensure that the amounts of food consumed were assessed accurately and reliably. Based on these records, daily energy and nutrient intakes were calculated using the Nutrition Information System (BEBİS) software, based on the type and amount of food consumed by individuals in the last 24 hours.	6 months
DASH diet compliance	Individuals' DASH diet compliance scores were calculated based on their food consumption frequency after their energy requirements were calculated. The highest possible score on the DASH diet compliance scale is 8.0. A score of 4.5 or above is considered 'high compliance', while a score below 4.5 is considered 'low compliance'.	6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Abant Izzet Baysal University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Nurefşan Konyalıgil Öztürk, Abant Izzet Baysal University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 1, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 5, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 5, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): February 11, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 12, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 10, 2026
• Last Verified: February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Parkinson's disease; DASH diet
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Synucleinopathies; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Movement Disorders; Parkinsonian Disorders; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Parkinson Disease; Investigative Techniques; Methods; Observation
• Other Study ID Numbers: AIBU-BD-NKÖ-04

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No