Hidden Link Between Meatal Stenosis and Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Children

Investigating the Hidden Link Between Meatal Stenosis and Primary Nocturnal Enuresis in Children

This study aimed to investigate the association between meatal stenosis and primary nocturnal enuresis severity, and evaluated therapeutic outcomes following surgical correction.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Children; Primary Nocturnal Enuresis; Meatal Stenosis
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Meatoplasty Primary nocturnal enuresis.

Detailed Description

Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is a prevalent pediatric condition characterized by involuntary urination during sleep in children aged five years or older who have never achieved consistent nighttime dryness. The prevalence of PNE decreases with age, affecting approximately 15% of five-year-old and decreasing to 1-2% by adolescence.

Meatal stenosis, defined as the pathological narrowing of the urethral meatus, is an underexplored potential factor. This condition is known to cause obstructed urinary flow, incomplete bladder emptying, and increased bladder pressure, all of which may contribute to enuresis.

The incidence of meatal stenosis is higher in circumcised males but can also occur in uncircumcised males and females due to inflammation, trauma, or infection

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 400

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Cairo Governorate
    • New Valley, Cairo Governorate, Egypt, 72511
      • New Valley University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

This retrospective study population includes male children aged 7-12 years who presented with primary nocturnal enuresis at a pediatric urology clinic between October 2022 and December 2024.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male children aged 7-12 years.
• Diagnosed with primary nocturnal enuresis.
• Evaluated and treated at the study center between January 2021 and December 2024.
• Confirmed diagnosis of meatal stenosis based on clinical examination and uroflowmetry when indicated.
• Patients who underwent meatoplasty and completed the prescribed follow-up period.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Secondary enuresis (previously dry for ≥ 6 months before recurrence of bedwetting).
• Known neurological disorders (e.g., spina bifida, cerebral palsy) or developmental delays.
• Structural anomalies of the urinary tract other than meatal stenosis (e.g., posterior urethral valves, vesicoureteral reflux).
• Children who did not complete the follow-up or had incomplete clinical records.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Study group; Patients who underwent meatoplasty.	Procedure: Meatoplasty Primary nocturnal enuresis.; Patients diagnosed with primary nocturnal enuresis.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Association between Meatal Stenosis and primary nocturnal enuresis	Association between Meatal Stenosis and primary nocturnal enuresis was assessed to determine whether there is a significant relationship between the presence of meatal stenosis and the occurrence of primary nocturnal enuresis in male children aged 7-12 years.	3 years from collecting the data from the database

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Resolution of primary nocturnal enuresis post-meatoplasty	Resolution of primary nocturnal enuresis post-meatoplasty was assessed to assess the effectiveness of meatoplasty in resolving primary nocturnal enuresis in children with meatal stenosis.	3 years from collecting the data from the database
Need for Revision Meatoplasty	Need for Revision Meatoplasty was assessed in patients due to persistent or recurrent meatal stenosis after the initial surgery.	3 years from collecting the data from the database
Prevalence of Meatal Stenosis in primary nocturnal enuresis patients	Prevalence of Meatal Stenosis in primary nocturnal enuresis patients was assessed among children diagnosed with primary nocturnal enuresis within the study period (2021-2024).	3 years from collecting the data from the database
Incidence of complications	Any complications or adverse events following meatoplasty, including infection, scarring, or urinary retention were recorded.	3 years from collecting the data from the database

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: New Valley University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 31, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 10, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): March 10, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 14, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): February 20, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 20, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2026
• Last Verified: February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 2025130002

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author after the end of study for one year.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author.
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: After the end of study for one year.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No