Large Language Models Assist in Tumor MDT

Evaluating Large Language Models as Decision Support Agents in Pan-Cancer Tumor Boards: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) represent the gold standard for personalized tumor treatment, but they are limited by medical resources and accessibility Limitation. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in medical reasoning, their multidisciplinary practicality in pan-cancer MDTs has not been fully explored. In the early stage of this project, LLMs with high clinical application efficacy were identified through benchmark tests, and an open-label randomized controlled study (RCT) was conducted based on these LLMs. The research aims to explore whether AI-assisted assistance can enhance the accuracy and writing efficiency of MDT diagnosis and treatment reports. This study intends to prospectively collect the diagnosis and treatment information of 20 patients and MDT diagnosis and treatment information. It is planned to recruit 40 junior doctors. Doctors in the intervention group will use LLM to assist in the writing of MDT reports, while doctors in the control group will use traditional information retrieval methods for the writing of MDT reports. Three clinical experts ultimately used a standardized Likert scale to conduct comprehensive and multidisciplinary scoring of the MDT reports of the intervention group and the control group. This study quantitatively compared the diagnosis and treatment quality and efficiency of the MDT AI-assisted model and the traditional model to verify the application potential of large language models in assisting tumor diagnosis and treatment.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Stomach Cancer; Breast Cancer; Colorectal Cancer; Lung Cancer; Liver Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: LLM assists in MDT report writing

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Herui Yao, PhD; Phone Number: +8613500018020; Email: yaoherui@mail.sysu.edu.cn
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Yunfang Yu, PhD; Phone Number: +8613660238987; Email: yuyf9@mail.sysu.edu.cn

Study Locations

• China
  • Guangdong
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510000
      • Recruiting
      • Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
      • Contact: Herui Yao, PhD; Phone Number: +8613500018020; Email: yaoherui@mail.sysu.edu.cn
      • Contact: Yufang Yu; Phone Number: +8613660238987; Email: yuyf9@mail.sysu.edu.cn
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
      • Recruiting
      • Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
      • Contact: Yunfang Yu, Doctor; Phone Number: +8613660238987; Email: yuyf9@mail.sysu.edu.cn

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• A junior doctor with a practicing physician qualification certificate.
• Oncologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, radiologists and pathologists with 3 to 5 years of clinical experience.
• Age: 25 to 33 years old, gender not limited.
• During the research period, one can participate for no less than 10 hours.
• Agree to participate in this research and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Have participated in the previous diagnosis and treatment of any one of the 20 cases included in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: AI-MDT; This study was a prospective RCT, and the intervention content was an auxiliary tool for writing MDT reports. The intervention group used LLM to assist in the writing of MDT reports. The prescribed MDT medical records (excluding diagnosis and treatment opinions) were input into the LLM, and the output content could be used as a reference for the MDT report. Finally, the MDT diagnosis and treatment opinions were written under the personal judgment of the doctors.	Other: LLM assists in MDT report writing; This study was a prospective RCT, and the intervention content was an auxiliary tool for writing MDT reports. The intervention group used LLM to assist in the writing of MDT reports. The prescribed MDT medical records (excluding diagnosis and treatment opinions) were input into the LLM, and the output content could be used as a reference for the MDT report. Finally, the MDT diagnosis and treatment opinions were written under the personal judgment of the doctors. The control group used traditional information retrieval methods (such as Google, literature, and textbooks) to write MDT diagnosis and treatment opinions.
No Intervention: Trad-MDT; The control group used traditional information retrieval methods (such as Google, literature, and textbooks) to write MDT diagnosis and treatment opinions.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The overall score of the MDT report	Clinical experts comprehensively evaluated the diagnosis and treatment opinions of different departments in the MDT report, and used the standardized Likert scale to comprehensively score the MDT reports of the intervention group and the control group (1 to 5 points, the higher the better).	Up to 4 weeks, complete the writing of medical opinions for all cases (n=20).

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The radiation oncology score of the MDT report	Clinical experts used a standardized Likert scale to score the radiotherapy department's diagnosis and treatment opinions reported by the MDT in the intervention group and the control group (1 to 5 points, the higher the better).	Up to 4 weeks, complete the writing of medical opinions for all cases (n=20).
The medical oncology score of the MDT report	Clinical experts used the standardized Likert scale to score the medical oncology diagnosis and treatment opinions reported by the MDT in the intervention group and the control group (1 to 5 points, the higher the better).	Up to 4 weeks, complete the writing of medical opinions for all cases (n=20).
The pathology score of the MDT report	Clinical experts used the standardized Likert scale to score the pathological diagnosis and treatment opinions reported by the MDT in the intervention group and the control group (1 to 5 points, the higher the better).	Up to 4 weeks, complete the writing of medical opinions for all cases (n=20).
The radiology score of the MDT report	Clinical experts used a standardized Likert scale to score the radiology diagnosis and treatment opinions reported by the MDT in the intervention group and the control group (1 to 5 points, the higher the better).	Up to 4 weeks, complete the writing of medical opinions for all cases (n=20).
The time consumption in writing an MDT report	The intervention group and the control group completed the MDT report for each case at all times (unit: hours).	Up to 4 weeks, complete the writing of medical opinions for all cases (n=20).

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
• Investigators: Study Director: Herui Yao, PhD, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University; Study Chair: Yunfang Yu, PhD, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 11, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 25, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): March 31, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 31, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 25, 2026
• Last Verified: March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Intestinal Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Digestive System Neoplasms; Digestive System Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Stomach Diseases; Intestinal Neoplasms; Rectal Diseases; Lung Diseases; Liver Diseases; Respiratory Tract Neoplasms; Thoracic Neoplasms; Colonic Diseases; Skin Diseases; Breast Diseases; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases; Stomach Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Liver Neoplasms
• Other Study ID Numbers: SYSKY-2026-071-02

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO
• IPD Plan Description: Requests for the individual data or study documents will be considered where the proposed use aligns with public good purposes, does not conflict with other requests, and the requestor is willing to sign a data access agreement. Contact is though the corresponding author.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No