Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients Undergoing Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant: A Pilot Study (FMT)

This is a single site pilot trial will evaluate the feasibility and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with B-cell lymphoma who are undergoing CAR-T or in patients with moderate to high-risk acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome who are undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Lymphoma Receiving CAR-T Therapy
• Intervention / Treatment: Biological: Fecal Microbial Transplant Enema

Detailed Description

This is a single centre, non-randomized, single-arm interventional pilot study examining fecal microbiota transplantation in patients undergoing CAR-T or allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). 20 eligible patients will be enrolled in this study 10 patients with B-cell lymphoma undergoing CAR-T and 10 patients with AML/MDS undergoing alloSCT. FMT series occurring prior to cellular therapy and 30 days after cellular therapy treatment. Standard of care blood tests including HIV, Hepatitis B and C testing, pregnancy test and physical exam will be done during the study. Blood, urine, rectal swab, stool sample will be collected for correlative studies. Patients will be asked to complete a questionnaire questionnaire on perceptions and acceptability of FMT. The total study duration will be approximately 2.5 years, including 2 years of recruitment, minimum 1 series of FMT treatments and a minimum 6 months of follow-up.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 20
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Abi Vijenthira, MD; Phone Number: 3377 416-946-4501; Email: Abi.Vijenthira@uhn.ca

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2M9
      • University Health Network
      • Contact: Abi Vijenthira, MD; Phone Number: 3377 416-946-4501; Email: Abi.Vijenthira@uhn.ca

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Men and women ≥ 18 years of age

2. Diagnosis of the following:

   1. Indolent or aggressive B-cell lymphoma eligible for standard or care CAR-T therapy (Cohort A), or
   2. Patients with AML or high risk MDS with indication to undergo reduced-intensity conditioning alloSCT, with an available matched related, unrelated, or haploidentical donor (Cohort B)
3. ECOG 0-1

4. Adequate marrow function defined by:

   1. Hemoglobin >80 g/L without transfusion dependence within the last 7 days
   2. Platelet count >20 x 109/L without transfusion dependence within the last 7 days
   3. Neutrophil count >1.0 x 109/L without growth factor support within the last 7 days
5. Adequate liver function as indicated by aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x the institutional upper limits of normal (ULNs) value; serum total bilirubin < 1.5 x ULN (unless documented Gilbert's syndrome)
6. Adequate renal function as defined as creatinine clearance ≥ 30 mL/min directly measured with a 24-hour urine collection or calculated according to the modified formula of Cockcroft-Gault equation or Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) calculation
7. Life expectancy >6 months
8. Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) who are sexually active must use highly effective methods of contraception during treatment and up to 6 months after the last dose of protocol therapy. Men who are sexually active must use highly effective methods of contraception during treatment and up to 6 months after the last dose of protocol therapy. Men require an agreement to remain abstinent (ie, refrain from heterosexual intercourse) or use a condom, and an agreement to refrain from donating sperm. Periodic abstinence and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception. Fertility preservation options should be discussed. Examples of highly effective contraceptive methods include an agreement to remain abstinent (ie, refrain from heterosexual intercourse), bilateral tubal ligation, male sterilization, established proper use of hormonal contraceptives that inhibit ovulation, hormone-releasing intrauterine devices, and copper intrauterine devices.
9. Willing and able to participate in all required evaluations and procedures in this study.
10. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. For patients undergoing alloSCT (Cohort B): plan to undergo myeloablative conditioning
2. Use of investigational agents within the last 4 weeks before enrollment.
3. Active or uncontrolled infection
4. Autoimmune disorder currently being treated with disease-modifying therapy or with >10mg/day prednisone
5. Inflammatory bowel disease
6. History of intestinal perforation
7. Gastrointestinal surgical procedure within the past 4 weeks before enrollment
8. Pregnant or breast-feeding patients
9. HIV infection with detectable viral load or CD4 count <200

10. Serologic status reflecting active hepatitis B or C infection as follows:

    1. Presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) with detectable hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA. (Note, patients with undetectable HBV DNA are permitted to enroll if they are on Hepatitis B suppressive therapy)
    2. Patients with presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody and HCV RNA detectable
11. History of infection or known colonization with antibiotic resistant organism in the last two years before enrollment (including ESBL, MRSA, VISA, VRSA, VRE, CPE)
12. Any serious medical condition or abnormality in clinical laboratory tests that, in the investigator's judgment, precludes the patient's safe participation in the study

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: CAR-T cell transplant; Patients will receive Fecal microbiota transplantation and CAR-T cell infusion	Biological: Fecal Microbial Transplant Enema; Rectal infusion of FMT will be administered every 48 hours for 2 doses, on 2 separate occasions, detailed in the study calendar. For each series of FMT administrations, the first dose will be 100g and the second will be 50g. Each FMT will be delivered using a single dose (300 ml of prepared fecal filtrate containing 100g or 50g of stool from a donor) delivered using an enema bag and rectal catheter. The procedure, including preparation steps, will take less than 20 - 30 minutes. The second FMT administration will occur in either the inpatient or outpatient setting depending on whether the patient has been discharged from hospital by the time their second FMT series is due at Day +30. The second FMT series will only occur if patients have a neutrophil count of ANC>1.0 x 109/L without growth factor support for the last 7 days, documented within 7 days prior to the FMT administration.
Experimental: Allogenic stem cell transplant; Patients will receive Fecal microbiota transplantation and allogenic cell trnsplant	Biological: Fecal Microbial Transplant Enema; Rectal infusion of FMT will be administered every 48 hours for 2 doses, on 2 separate occasions, detailed in the study calendar. For each series of FMT administrations, the first dose will be 100g and the second will be 50g. Each FMT will be delivered using a single dose (300 ml of prepared fecal filtrate containing 100g or 50g of stool from a donor) delivered using an enema bag and rectal catheter. The procedure, including preparation steps, will take less than 20 - 30 minutes. The second FMT administration will occur in either the inpatient or outpatient setting depending on whether the patient has been discharged from hospital by the time their second FMT series is due at Day +30. The second FMT series will only occur if patients have a neutrophil count of ANC>1.0 x 109/L without growth factor support for the last 7 days, documented within 7 days prior to the FMT administration.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Co-Primary Outcome	To evaluate the feasibility of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients undergoing CAR-T or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We hypothesize that we will be able to successfully recruit at least 50% of approached patients, retain at least 80% of patients on the study, and successfully administer at least one FMT series to 80% of retained patients.	2.5 years
Co-Primary Outcome	To evaluate the safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients undergoing CAR-T or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We hypothesize that FMT will be safe in this population. Each cohort will be considered separately in considering the differing risks of CAR-T and alloSCT. We hypothesize that in each cohort there will be no greater than 10% incidence (N< 1 of 10 participants in each cohort), of serious adverse events, or Grade >3 adverse events of special interest (sepsis and/or bacteremia, ICU admission, bowel perforation, or death) within 48 hours of administration of FMT, which are judged to be possibly, probably or definitely related to FMT.	2.5 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University Health Network, Toronto

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): April 15, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): April 15, 2029
• Study Completion (Estimated): April 29, 2029

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 10, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 30, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): April 3, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 3, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 30, 2026
• Last Verified: March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: FMT Pilot Study; OZUHN-038 (Other Identifier: Ozmosis Inc.)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No