Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Morus Nigra Mouthwashes After Periodontal Treatment

April 14, 2026 updated by: Burak Koçak, Inonu University

Comparison of the Efficacy of Chlorhexidine and Morus Nigra Mouthwashes in the Treatment of Periodontal Diseases

This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical, biochemical, and microbiological effects of chlorhexidine and Morus nigra (blackberry) mouthwashes used as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing - SRP) in patients with periodontal diseases. The participants will be divided into three groups: a control group receiving only SRP, a group receiving SRP combined with chlorhexidine mouthwash, and a group receiving SRP combined with Morus nigra mouthwash. Clinical periodontal parameters, gingival crevicular fluid levels of inflammatory markers (including TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-10), and subgingival plaque microbiological profiles (such as red complex bacteria and Fusobacterium) will be evaluated at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after the treatment.

Study Overview

Status

Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

48

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Malatya
      • Battalgazi, Malatya, Turkey (Türkiye), 44300
        • Inonu University Faculty of Dentistry

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients diagnosed with periodontitis.
  • Systemically healthy individuals.
  • Patients aged between 18 and 65 years.
  • Presence of at least 20 natural teeth.
  • Volunteering to participate in the study and signing the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of any systemic disease that may affect periodontal health or systemic inflammatory response (e.g., Diabetes Mellitus, immunological disorders).
  • Current smokers or use of any tobacco products.
  • Pregnancy or lactation.
  • Use of systemic antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressive medications within the last 6 months.
  • Having received any non-surgical or surgical periodontal treatment within the last 6 months.
  • Known allergy or sensitivity to chlorhexidine or Morus nigra (blackberry) extracts.
  • Patients using orthodontic appliances.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Control Group
Non-surgical periodontal treatment consisting of full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) using ultrasonic and hand instruments.
Procedure: Scaling and Root Planing (SRP)
All patients in the study underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) using both ultrasonic devices and hand instruments.
Experimental: Chlorhexidine Group
As an adjunct to scaling and root planing, patients will rinse with 15 ml of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash twice a day (morning and evening) for 1 minute. The duration of the intervention is 14 days.
Procedure: Scaling and Root Planing (SRP)
All patients in the study underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) using both ultrasonic devices and hand instruments.
Drug: 0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mouthwash
As an adjunct to SRP, patients were instructed to rinse with 15 ml of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute. The treatment duration was 14 days.
Experimental: Morus Nigra Group
As an adjunct to scaling and root planing, patients will rinse with 15 ml of a standardized mouthwash containing 5% Morus nigra extract twice a day (morning and evening) for 1 minute. The duration of the intervention is 14 days.
Procedure: Scaling and Root Planing (SRP)
All patients in the study underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) using both ultrasonic devices and hand instruments.
Drug: 5% Morus Nigra Mouthwash
As an adjunct to SRP, patients were instructed to rinse with 15 ml of a standardized mouthwash containing 5% Morus nigra extract twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute. The treatment duration was 14 days.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Gingival Index (GI)
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Evaluation of gingival inflammation using a scale of 0 to 3.
Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Plaque Index (PI)
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Evaluation of plaque accumulation using a scale of 0 to 3.
Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Probing Depth (PD)
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Measurement of the distance from the gingival margin to the bottom of the periodontal pocket.
Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Clinical Attachment Level (CAL)
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Measurement of the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the bottom of the periodontal pocket.
Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Bleeding on Probing (BOP)
Time Frame: Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.
Evaluation of the presence or absence of bleeding within 30 seconds after probing. The result is recorded as a percentage of sites that bleed.
Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Inflammatory Markers
Time Frame: At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment
Analysis of TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-10 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid using ELISA (or specific biochemical assay) to evaluate the local inflammatory response
At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment
Change in Subgingival Plaque Microbiological Profile
Time Frame: At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment
Evaluation of subgingival plaque samples to determine the levels of red complex bacteria and Fusobacterium nucleatum using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) analysis
At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Inonu University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 8, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 23, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 14, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

April 20, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 20, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 14, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • INONU-2025/04

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

De-identified individual participant data that underlie the results reported in the published article will be shared

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Data will be available beginning 6 months and ending 36 months following article publication.

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

Data will be shared with researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal. Requests for data sharing should be directed to the principal investigator via email

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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