The Effect of Neonatal Care Education Given to Primiparous Mothers in the Last Trimester on Mothers' Self-Efficacy Perception, Prenatal and Maternal Bonding in the Early Postpartum Period

April 16, 2026 updated by: YAĞMUR KOTANCI, Kafkas University
This study was conducted using a pre-test-post-test randomized controlled experimental design to investigate the effects of neonatal care education given to primiparous mothers in the last trimester on their self-efficacy perception, prenatal and maternal bonding in the early postpartum period. The study population consisted of pregnant women in the last trimester who applied to the Antenatal School of Kars Harakani State Hospital between November 2024 and November 2026. The study sample consisted of a total of 76 pregnant women, divided into an intervention group (n: 38) and a control group (n: 38). Data were collected using the "Personal Information Form", "General Self-Efficacy Scale", "Prenatal Attachment Inventory", and "Maternal Attachment Scale". The intervention group received training on newborn care. In the first phase of the study, a pre-test was administered to both the intervention and control groups. Following the pre-test, Newborn Care Training was conducted face-to-face with pregnant women in the experimental group in two 20-minute sessions, totaling 40 minutes, after which the pregnant women were given an educational booklet. After this training session, reinforcement training was conducted twice by telephone at one-week intervals, and their questions were answered. After the pre-test, at 36 weeks of gestation, both the intervention and control groups were contacted by telephone and the "General Self-Efficacy Scale" and "Prenatal Attachment Inventory" were administered as post-tests. Six weeks after delivery, the maternal attachment scale was administered to both the intervention and control groups.

Study Overview

Status

Enrolling by invitation

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

2

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Merkez
      • Kars, Merkez, Turkey (Türkiye), 36100
        • Kafkas Üniversitesi

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Being over 18 and under 35 years of age, Being in the last trimester of pregnancy (28-32 weeks of gestation) Having no communication barriers and being literate Single pregnancy Spontaneous conception Having applied to the Kars Harakani State Hospital Pregnancy School Agreeing to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

Chronic illness, High-risk pregnancy, Having a psychological disorder, Having applied to a Pregnancy School other than Harakani State Hospital.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Intervention Group Intervention Type: Behavioral Name: Newborn Care Education Group
Primiparous women in their third trimester assigned to the intervention group will receive a structured newborn care education program in addition to completing the study questionnaires.
Behavioral: Newborn Care Education

The newborn care education program includes information on breastfeeding, infant hygiene, umbilical cord care, infant safety, and basic newborn care practices. The education is provided during the third trimester of pregnancy. Allocation / Randomization Allocation: Randomized Randomization Description: Participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group using a computer-generated randomization sequence with a 1:1 allocation ratio.

Masking (Blinding) Masking: None (Open Label) Masking Description (opsiyonel): This is an open-label study. Participants and investigators are aware of group assignment.
No Intervention: Control Group
Primiparous women assigned to the control group will receive routine prenatal care and will complete the study questionnaires only.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
General Self-Efficacy
Time Frame: (between 24 and 41 weeks of pregnancy)
Changes in maternal self-efficacy levels measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale during the early postpartum period.
(between 24 and 41 weeks of pregnancy)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Prenatal Attachment
Time Frame: (between 24 and 41 weeks of pregnancy)
Changes in prenatal attachment levels measured using the Prenatal Attachment Inventory.
(between 24 and 41 weeks of pregnancy)
Maternal Attachment
Time Frame: 6th week after birth
Maternal attachment levels measured using the Maternal Attachment Scale during the early postpartum period.
6th week after birth

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Kafkas University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

April 1, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 2, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 16, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

April 23, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 23, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 16, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • KAÜ-YMRKTNCİ

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

The privacy of personal data is respected in this study. Voluntary informed consent forms are obtained from participants. Therefore, the researcher does not share the participants' information.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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