Safety of Sofosbuvir ,Daclatasvir in HCV Patients and RAVS in Resistent and Relapsed Cases (RAVs)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronically infects approximately 120-130 million individuals worldwide .Mortality related to HCV infection has been estimated at approximately 300,000 deaths per year..

Direct antiviral agents (DAAs) effectively eradicate HCV and rapidly improve residual liver functions. Current HCV eradication rates have exceeded 90% in a very short time .

Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 (GT4) is genetically diverse, with 17 confirmed subtypes, and comprises approximately 13% of infections worldwide [3]. In Egypt, GT4 accounts for approximately 90% of infections, with subtype 4a predominating .

Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir are generally well tolerated with only a few adverse effects reported.

Hepatitis C virus resistant associated variants (RAVs) are seen in most patients who do not achieve sustained virological response (SVR). These resistance-associated mutations depend on the class of direct-acting antiviral drugs used and also vary between hepatitis C virus genotypes and subtypes.

Donaldson et al performed an analysis on four phase III clinical trials in search of common RAVs against sofosbuvir, discovering L159F, C316N, and V321A were associated with virological failure. Interestingly, this study also verified S282R mutation as associating with failure.

NS5A RAVs can be very common, with Y93H detected in up to 15% of the population and L31M in up to 6.3%. Other RAVs tend to also be fairly common detected in approximately 0.3%-3.5% of the population