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Tapentadol vs Pregabalin for Postoperative Pain in Lower Limb Surgery

13. maj 2026 opdateret af: Mirna Magali Delgado Carlo, ISSSTE Hospital Regional "Gral. Ignacio Zaragoza"

Oral Premedication With Tapentadol Versus Pregabalin for Acute Postoperative Pain in Lower Limb Surgery Under Neuraxial Anesthesia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

This pilot randomised controlled trial compared 72-hour oral premedication with tapentadol (50 mg every 12 hours) versus pregabalin (75 mg every 24 hours) for preventing acute postoperative pain in 46 patients undergoing elective lower limb surgery under neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was pain intensity measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0-10) at PACU arrival and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes thereafter. Secondary outcomes included Verbal Rating Scale scores, rescue morphine consumption, and safety (nausea/vomiting, hypersensitivity).

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Acute postoperative pain affects over 80% of surgical patients, with orthopaedic lower limb procedures causing particularly severe pain. Preemptive analgesia may attenuate central sensitisation before surgical incision. Tapentadol (μ-opioid agonist + norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor) and pregabalin (voltage-gated calcium channel modulator) are pharmacologically distinct options, but direct comparative data are lacking.

This single-centre, double-blind, parallel-group pilot randomised controlled trial was conducted at Hospital Regional "General Ignacio Zaragoza," ISSSTE, Mexico City. Forty-six patients (ASA I-II, age 18-50 years, BMI 18-35 kg/m²) scheduled for elective lower limb surgery under neuraxial anaesthesia were randomised 1:1 to receive either tapentadol 50 mg orally every 12 hours (n=23) or pregabalin 75 mg orally every 24 hours (n=23), both initiated 72 hours before surgical incision.

The primary outcome was postoperative pain intensity assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS 0-10) at PACU arrival (T0) and at 30 (T1), 60 (T2), 90 (T3), and 120 (T4) minutes thereafter. Secondary outcomes included Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) scores, rescue morphine consumption (4 mg IV on request), and incidence of nausea/vomiting and hypersensitivity reactions. The primary longitudinal analysis used a linear mixed model with Group, Time, and Group×Time interaction as fixed effects and a random intercept per patient. Between-group contrasts at each timepoint were derived from estimated marginal means with Holm correction. Effect sizes are reported as Cohen's d.

The trial was approved by the institutional ethics and research committee (RPI #386-2024) and registered with the ISSSTE institutional research registry prior to enrolment. Due to institutional policy restrictions at the time of study initiation, registration on ClinicalTrials.gov was completed after data collection; this is disclosed transparently in accordance with CONSORT 2025 guidance on retrospective registration disclosure.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

46

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Mexico
    • Mexico City
      • Mexico City, Mexico City, Mexico, 09360
        • Hospital Regional "General Ignacio Zaragoza," ISSSTE

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18-50 years
  • ASA physical status I or II
  • Body mass index between 18 and 35 kg/m²
  • Scheduled for elective lower limb surgery under neuraxial anaesthesia
  • Willing to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Chronic use of analgesics or gabapentinoids
  • Known hypersensitivity to tapentadol or pregabalin
  • Pre-existing chronic pain

Elimination Criteria:

  • Hypersensitivity reaction to any study drug during administration
  • Hemodynamic shock of any etiology
  • Requirement for advanced airway management or postoperative mechanical ventilation
  • Surgical duration exceeding 120 minutes
  • Requirement of an epidural catheter dose within the first two postoperative hours
  • Voluntary withdrawal of consent at any point

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Forebyggelse
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Firedobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Tapentadol
Oral tapentadol 50 mg every 12 hours for 72 hours before surgical incision (total daily dose 100 mg).
Medicin: Tapentadol
Tapentadol 50 mg immediate-release oral tablet administered every 12 hours for 72 hours preoperatively (total of 6 doses).
Aktiv komparator: Pregabalin
Oral pregabalin 75 mg every 24 hours for 72 hours before surgical incision (total daily dose 75 mg).
Medicin: Pregabalin
Pregabalin 75 mg oral capsule administered every 24 hours for 72 hours preoperatively (total of 3 doses).

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Pain intensity by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
Tidsramme: At PACU arrival (T0), 30 minutes (T1), 60 minutes (T2), 90 minutes (T3), and 120 minutes (T4) post-arrival
Postoperative pain intensity measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS, 0-10; 0 = no pain, 10 = worst imaginable pain). The primary longitudinal analysis used a linear mixed model with Group, Time, and Group×Time interaction as fixed effects and a random intercept per patient. Between-group contrasts at each timepoint were derived from estimated marginal means with Holm correction. Effect sizes reported as Cohen's d.
At PACU arrival (T0), 30 minutes (T1), 60 minutes (T2), 90 minutes (T3), and 120 minutes (T4) post-arrival

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Rescue morphine consumption
Tidsramme: During the two-hour PACU observation period (T0-T4)
Proportion of patients requiring rescue analgesia (morphine 4 mg IV) and total morphine consumption (mg) in each group.
During the two-hour PACU observation period (T0-T4)
Incidence of nausea and vomiting
Tidsramme: During the two-hour PACU observation period (T0-T4)
Proportion of patients experiencing nausea and/or vomiting in each group, assessed by clinical observation and patient report.
During the two-hour PACU observation period (T0-T4)
Hypersensitivity reactions
Tidsramme: From first dose of study medication through 24 hours post-surgery
Incidence of any hypersensitivity or anaphylactic reaction to tapentadol or pregabalin, classified according to Müller criteria.
From first dose of study medication through 24 hours post-surgery
Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) pain category
Tidsramme: At PACU arrival (T0), 30 minutes (T1), 60 minutes (T2), 90 minutes (T3), and 120 minutes (T4) post-arrival
Pain severity categorised as absence, low, moderate, or severe using the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). Reported as proportions of patients in each category at each timepoint.
At PACU arrival (T0), 30 minutes (T1), 60 minutes (T2), 90 minutes (T3), and 120 minutes (T4) post-arrival

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

ISSSTE Hospital Regional "Gral. Ignacio Zaragoza"

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

19. juni 2024

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

3. juli 2024

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

5. juli 2024

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

8. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

8. maj 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

14. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

15. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

13. maj 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. maj 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • ISSSTE RPI #386-2024

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivelse

De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in this article, along with the full analysis code, will be made available following article publication via the corresponding author's public GitHub repository (https://github.com/phabel-LD).

IPD-delingstidsramme

Beginning at the time of article publication, with no end date.

IPD-delingsadgangskriterier

Data and code will be publicly available with no access restrictions via GitHub.

IPD-deling Understøttende informationstype

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • ANALYTIC_CODE
  • CSR

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