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Additional Effect of Coherent Breathing With Aerobic Exercise on Cardiopulmonary Parameters and Quality of Life in Stage 1 Hypertensive Individuals

1 maggio 2026 aggiornato da: Foundation University Islamabad

This study will use a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the added effects of coherent breathing combined with aerobic exercise versus aerobic exercise alone in 40 adults aged 30-65 with stage 1 hypertension. Participants will be randomly assigned to an intervention group (aerobic exercise plus coherent breathing) or a control group (aerobic exercise only) and will undergo a 4-week program with 5 sessions per week.

Cardiopulmonary parameters-including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and rate pressure product-will be measured, and quality of life will be assessed using the MINICHAL questionnaire at baseline, 2 weeks, and post-intervention. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.

The study aims to determine whether coherent breathing provides additional benefits, offering a cost-effective, non-pharmacological strategy for hypertension management in low-resource settings.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Reclutamento

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

Hypertension, also known as high or raised blood pressure, is a condition in which the blood vessels have persistently raised pressure. A normal reading is less than 120 millimeters of mercury over less than 80 millimeters of mercury. Hypertension is a prevalent condition affecting approximately 1.28 billion individuals globally, with a significant burden observed in low- and middle-income countries such as Pakistan. Stage 1 hypertension is defined by a systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 130-139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) between 80-89 mmHg. High blood pressure causes no signs or symptoms, which is why healthcare providers call it a "silent killer." Non-pharmacological interventions, including aerobic exercise and breathing techniques, have shown promise in improving cardiopulmonary function and quality of life.

Coherent breathing is a controlled breathing technique that involves inhaling and exhaling at a steady, slow pace-typically around five to six breaths per minute, with each inhale and exhale lasting about six seconds. This study aims to evaluate the additional effects of coherent breathing techniques when combined with aerobic exercise, compared to aerobic exercise alone. A randomized controlled trial design will be employed. The study will be conducted over a period of 1 year at Foundation University College of Physical Therapy and Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi. Ethical approval will be obtained from ERC FUMC and IRC, and the trial will be registered with CBRC and the clinical trial registry. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 21.0.

This study will fill a critical gap in the literature by assessing the additive benefits of coherent breathing in hypertension management. The findings may support cost-effective, non-pharmacological strategies in low-resource settings, contributing to improved public health outcomes

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Stimato)

40

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Backup dei contatti dello studio

Luoghi di studio

  • Pakistan
      • Islamabad, Pakistan
        • Reclutamento
        • Foundation University Islamabad
        • Contatto:

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Adulto
  • Adulto più anziano

Accetta volontari sani

No

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Both male and female genders.
  • Adults aged 30-65 years.
  • Patients diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension 130-139/80-89mm Hg according to ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines.
  • Mild to moderate physical activity level on IPAQ questionnaire.
  • Individuals able to understand and follow the instructions.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosed uncontrolled hypertensive patients.
  • Unstable angina, MI, heart failure, advanced CAD patients, COPD, Asthma.
  • Severe neurological, musculoskeletal or gynecological conditions which limit participation in the study.
  • Recent history of fracture.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Nessuno (etichetta aperta)

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Comparatore attivo: Aerobic Exercises

This Group performs aerobic exercises as follows:

Week 1-2 Warm up exercises for 5 minutes. Brisk walking on treadmill-for 15 minutes was included warm up period for 5 minutes then 9 minutes brisk walk and cool down period included 1 minute walk.

Stepper for 2 minutes. Static cycling for 3 minutes. Cool down for 5 minutes. Perform simple breathing for 10 minutes. FREQUENCY: 5 days / week INTENSITY: 50 - 60% THR TIME: 40 minutes TYPE: Aerobic exercises & simple breathing Week 3-4 Warm up exercises for 5 minutes. Brisk walking on treadmill-for 15 minutes was included warm up period for 5 minutes then 9 minutes brisk walk and cool down period included 1 minute walk.

Stepper for 2 minutes. Static cycling for 3 minutes. Cool down for 5 minutes. Perform simple breathing exercies for 10 minutes. FREQUENCY: 5 days / week INTENSITY: 60 - 80% THR TIME: 40 minutes TYPE: Aerobic exercises & simple breathing. A total of 20 sessions Five days per week for 4 weeks.
Altro: Aerobic Exercises
Aerobic Exercises involving brisk walking, warm up, stepper, static cycling, cool down for a periof of 30 min.
Sperimentale: Aerobic Exercises with coherent breathing

This group performs aerobic exercises combined with coherent breathing technique.

Week 1-2 Warm up exercises for 5 minutes. Brisk walking on treadmill-for 15 minutes was included warm up period for 5 minutes then 9 minutes brisk walk and cool down period included 1 minute walk.

Stepper for 2 minutes. Static cycling for 3 minutes. Cool down for 5 minutes. Perform coherent breathing technique for 10 min. FREQUENCY: 5 days / week INTENSITY: 50 - 60% THR TIME: 30 minutes TYPE: Aerobic exercises. Coherent Breathing technique for 10 minutes. TOTAL DURATION: 40 minutes Week 3-4 Warm up exercises for 5 minutes. Brisk walking on treadmill-for 15 minutes was included warm up period for 5 minutes then 9 minutes brisk walk and cool down period included 1 minute walk.

Stepper for 2 minutes. Static cycling for 3 minutes. Cool down for 5 minutes. Perform coherent breathing technique for 10 min. FREQUENCY: 5 days / week INTENSITY: 60 - 80% THR TIME: 30 minutes TYPE: Aerobic exercises
Altro: Coherent Breathing.

Coherent breathing technique involve consciously reducing the breathing rate, typically to fewer than 10 breaths per minute, often around 6 breaths per minute. Coherent breathing is performed for 10 minutes.

Aerobic Exercises involving brisk walking, warm up, stepper, static cycling, cool down for a period of 30 min.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Heart Rate (beats per minute)
Lasso di tempo: 04 weeks
Measured using calibrated digital monitor after 5 minutes rest at baseline and post-intervention.
04 weeks
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
Lasso di tempo: 04 weeks
Measured using standardized sphygmomanometer at baseline and post-intervention.
04 weeks
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
Lasso di tempo: 04 weeks
Measured using standardized sphygmomanometer at baseline and post-intervention.
04 weeks
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂, %)
Lasso di tempo: 04 weeks
Measured using pulse oximeter under resting conditions at baseline and post-intervention.
04 weeks
Respiratory Rate (breaths/minute)
Lasso di tempo: 04 weeks
Measured by direct observation at baseline and post-intervention.
04 weeks
Rate Pressure Product (HR × SBP)
Lasso di tempo: 04 weeks
Calculated from heart rate and systolic blood pressure at baseline and post-intervention as an index of myocardial workload.
04 weeks

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Foundation University Islamabad

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

28 febbraio 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

15 maggio 2026

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

15 maggio 2026

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

21 aprile 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

1 maggio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

7 maggio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

7 maggio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

1 maggio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 aprile 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Parole chiave

Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • FUCP/CTR/2026/06

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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