De Pauze, Leer en Activeer Jezelf (PLAY) (PLAY)
Actieve Pauzes op School: De Pause, Learn, and Activate Yourself (PLAY) Cluster-Gerandomiseerde Gecontroleerde Studie
Many children spend a large part of the school day sitting, which can limit their opportunities to be physically active. Regular physical activity is important for children's physical health, mental well-being, and positive attitudes toward movement. Schools represent an ideal setting to promote healthy behaviors, as they reach nearly all children on a daily basis.
This study aims to evaluate the effects of short, classroom-based Active Breaks on children attending primary school. Active Breaks are brief periods of physical activity integrated into regular classroom lessons. These activities are designed to be fun, safe, and easy to perform in the classroom, without reducing academic teaching time.
The main goal of the study is to assess whether participating in Active Breaks improves children's enjoyment of physical activity. Enjoyment is an important factor because children who find physical activity enjoyable are more likely to stay active over time. The study also examines whether Active Breaks influence physical activity levels, basic motor skills, physical fitness perception and ponderal status.
The intervention lasts 12 weeks and is carried out during the normal school timetable. In the intervention group, children perform one Active Break during each school hour. Each break lasts approximately 5 minutes and includes playful aerobic and strength-based movements that require little or no equipment. The activities are guided by classroom teachers, who receive specific training and materials before the start of the study. A comparison group continues with the usual classroom routine.
Participation in the study is voluntary. Parents or legal guardians provide written informed consent, and children provide verbal assent. All activities are appropriate for primary school children and are conducted in a safe and supervised environment. Children may withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences.
The results of this study may help schools and policymakers understand whether simple, low-cost strategies such as Active Breaks can promote healthier and more active school days for children.
Studie Overzicht
Toestand
Conditie
Interventie / Behandeling
Studietype
Inschrijving (Werkelijk)
Fase
- Niet toepasbaar
Contacten en locaties
Studie Locaties
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Pavia
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Pavia, Pavia, Italië, 27100
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity
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Deelname Criteria
Geschiktheidscriteria
Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie
Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers
Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie
Beschrijving
Inclusion Criteria:
- Regular participation in school activities and physical education classes.
- Ability to understand and follow the instructions related to the study protocol.
- Enrollment in the study through verbal assent from the child and written informed consent from a parent or legal guardian.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any medical contraindication to participation in physical activity.
- Musculoskeletal injuries occurring within the three months prior to baseline assessment.
- Physical or cognitive limitations that prevent participation in the planned activities.
Studie plan
Hoe is de studie opgezet?
Ontwerpdetails
- Primair doel: Behandeling
- Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
- Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
- Masker: Dubbele
Wapens en interventies
Deelnemersgroep / Arm |
Interventie / Behandeling |
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Geen tussenkomst: Gebruikelijke routine
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Experimenteel: Video-begeleide actieve pauzes
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The intervention consists of classroom-based Active Breaks (ABs), delivered through pre-recorded instructional videos integrated into regular school lessons. ABs are short bouts of physical activity aimed at reducing sedentary time and promoting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity without reducing instructional time. The intervention lasts 12 weeks and is delivered once every school hour. Each Active Break lasts approximately 5 minutes and is preceded by a brief introductory segment within the video. Activities are conducted during the regular school timetable in primary school classrooms. Video-guided ABs include standardized, playful aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercises requiring little or no equipment and adaptable to classroom spaces. Activities are cognitively engaging and emphasize enjoyment, participation, and inclusiveness rather than performance. Classroom teachers facilitate transitions but do not actively lead the exercises. |
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Experimenteel: Leraargeleide Actieve Pauzes
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The intervention consists of classroom-based, teacher-led Active Breaks (ABs) integrated into regular school lessons. ABs are short bouts of physical activity aimed at reducing sedentary time and promoting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity without reducing instructional time. The intervention lasts 12 weeks and is delivered once every school hour. Each AB lasts approximately 5 minutes. All activities take place during the regular school timetable in primary school classrooms. ABs include standardized, playful aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercises requiring little or no equipment and adaptable to classroom spaces. Activities are cognitively engaging and emphasize enjoyment, participation, and inclusiveness rather than performance. Classroom teachers deliver the ABs live after receiving standardized training and instructional materials to ensure consistent implementation with the video-guided group. |
Wat meet het onderzoek?
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
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Perceived enjoyment of physical activity
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Perceived enjoyment of physical activity will be assessed using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) questionnaire. The outcome is the change in mean PACES score (unit: questionnaire score) from baseline (Week 0) to post-intervention (Week 12). |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
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Motor competence
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Motor competence will be assessed using the Motorische Basiskompetenzen (MOBAK) test battery. The outcome is the change in total MOBAK score (unit: points) from baseline to post-intervention. The MOBAK assesses basic motor competencies across object control and self-movement domains, with a total possible score of 0-16 points, using age-appropriate versions. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Objectively measured physical activity
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the final week of treatment at 11 weeks
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Physical activity will be objectively assessed using FIBION wearable sensors. The outcome is the change in time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (unit: minutes per day) from baseline to post-intervention, derived from accelerometry-based sensor data. |
From enrollment to the final week of treatment at 11 weeks
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Perceived motor competence
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Perceived motor competence will be assessed using the SEMOK questionnaire. The outcome is the change in SEMOK score (unit: questionnaire score) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Objectively measured sleep continuity
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Sleep will be objectively assessed from accelerometer data processed using the GGIR package. Sleep continuity will be operationalized as wake after sleep onset (WASO) (unit: minutes per night), and the outcome will be the change in WASO from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Lower-limb explosive strength
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Lower-limb explosive strength will be assessed using the standing broad jump. The outcome is the change in the distance jumped (unit: centimeters, cm) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Upper limb explosive strength
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Upper limb explosive strength will be assessed using the medicine ball throw. The outcome is the change in the thrown distance (unit: centimeters, cm) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Upper limb strength
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Upper limb strength will be assessed using the handgrip strength test. The test will be performed two times per each hand and the outcome is the change of the best results of both hands (unit: kilograms, kg) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Speed-agility
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Speed-agility will be assessed using the 4×10 m shuttle run. The outcome is the change in the test performance (unit: seconds, s) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Anthropometric characteristics
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Anthropometric characteristics will be assessed following the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) guidelines. Outcomes include changes in body weight (kg), height (cm), sitting height (cm), waist and hip circumferences (cm), and BMI z-score from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Body weight
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Body weight will be assessed according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) guidelines using a calibrated digital scale. The outcome is the change in body weight (unit: kilograms) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Standing height
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Standing height will be assessed according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) guidelines using a stadiometer. The outcome is the change in standing height (unit: centimeters) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Waist girth
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Waist girth will be assessed according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) guidelines using a non-elastic measuring tape at the standardized anatomical landmark. The outcome is the change in waist circumference (unit: centimeters) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Hip girth
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Hip girth will be assessed according to the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) guidelines using a non-elastic measuring tape at the standardized anatomical landmark. The outcome is the change in hip circumference (unit: centimeters) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Body mass index z-score (BMI z-score)
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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BMI z-scores will be derived using age- and sex-specific reference values. The outcome is the change in BMI z-score (unit: z-score) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Waist-to-hip ratio
Tijdsspanne: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Waist-to-hip ratio will be calculated as waist circumference divided by hip circumference. The outcome is the change in waist-to-hip ratio (unit: ratio) from baseline to post-intervention. |
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks
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Medewerkers en onderzoekers
Sponsor
Onderzoekers
- Hoofdonderzoeker: Matteo Vandoni, University of Pavia
Studie record data
Bestudeer belangrijke data
Studie start (Werkelijk)
Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)
Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)
Studieregistratiedata
Eerst ingediend
Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria
Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)
Updates van studierecords
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Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria
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Meer informatie
Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie
Andere studie-ID-nummers
- PLAY-IC-2025
Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)
Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?
Beschrijving IPD-plan
De-identified individual participant data underlying the published results, together with the corresponding data dictionary, will be made available to qualified researchers upon reasonable request to the Principal Investigator, Prof. Matteo Vandoni, University of Pavia, following publication of the primary trial findings. Data sharing will be subject to scientific review, applicable ethical and data protection requirements, and a data use agreement where appropriate.
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