Effects of Short-term Energy Deficit on Muscle Protein Turnover
14 de março de 2016 atualizado por: Stuart M. Phillips, McMaster University
Weight loss through energy restriction results in the loss of both fat and muscle mass.
Muscle mass is important for mobility, strength, glucose control and energy expenditure, and therefore the retention of muscle mass during energy restriction is an important goal.
The retention of muscle mass depends on the balance between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB).
It is well known that MPS is reduced during weight loss, however the effect of weight loss on MPB is currently a topic of debate.
The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of short-term (10 day) weight loss (40% energy deficit) on both MPS and MPB in order to gain insight into the mechanisms causing muscle loss during energy restriction.
In addition, the effect of resistance exercise and protein (both known to preserve muscle mass) on MPS and MPB will be examined
Visão geral do estudo
Descrição detalhada
An undesirable consequence of energy restriction is the loss of muscle mass.
Muscle mass is determined by the the rates of two processes: muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown.
It has been consistently shown that a reduced rate of muscle protein synthesis exists during energy restriction.
However, it is currently unclear whether an increase in muscle protein breakdown also contributes to muscle mass loss.
In addition, the effect of high protein diets and resistance exercise on muscle protein turnover during energy restriction, two interventions known to preserve muscle, remains to be investigated.We aim to demonstrate that the decrease in muscle protein synthesis is the main contributor to a negative protein balance during energy restriction.
In addition, we hope to show that a higher-protein diet (2.4g/kg/d versus 1.2g/kg/d) and the addition of resistance exercise can help to maintain the muscle protein synthesis rate and thereby improve negative protein balance.The present study will be designed as a parallel group randomized controlled trial.
Subjects will be given pre-packaged diets (Copper County Foods) to consume which will put them in a relative energy deficit of 40% per day.
Based on random assignment, these subjects will either consume an adequate protein diet (1.2g/kg/d) or a high protein diet (2.4g/kg/d) for 10 consecutive days.
Participants in the adequate protein diet will consume a ratio of 50:35:15 (carbohydrates:fat:protein) while subjects within the high protein diet will consume a ratio of 50:15:35 (carbohydrates:fat:protein).
Subjects will undergo testing at baseline and following a 10 day dietary and unilateral resistance exercise intervention.
Testing will consist of muscle and blood samples.
Muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown will be measured using stable isotope tracers that are orally ingested (deuterated water) or infused into an antecubital vein (labelled phenylalanine tracers) before and after the 10 day diet.
Tipo de estudo
Intervencional
Inscrição (Real)
24
Estágio
- Não aplicável
Contactos e Locais
Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.
Locais de estudo
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Ontario
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Hamilton, Ontario, Canadá, L8S 4K1
- Exercise Metabolism Research Laboratory, McMaster Univeristy
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Critérios de participação
Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
20 anos a 30 anos (Adulto)
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Sim
Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo
Macho
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- Between the ages of 20 and 30 years inclusive
- Have a BMI between 25 and 33 inclusive
Exclusion Criteria:
- Have a body mass index less than 25 kg/m2 or greater than 33 kg/m2.
- Vegan
- History of allergy, sensitivity, or strong dislike towards dairy protein
- Smoker or user of tobacco products
- High physical activity
- Have health problems such as: renal or gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic disease, heart disease, vascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, poor lung function, uncontrolled blood pressure, dizziness, thyroid problems, or any other health conditions for which volunteers are being treated that might put them at risk for this study.
- Taking anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, platelet inhibitor, or anti-coagulant medications
- Use of an investigational drug product within the last 30 days
- Have participated in an infusion protocol in the last year
- Do not understand English or have a condition the PI believes would interfere with the ability to provide informed consent, comply with the study protocol, or which might confound the interpretation of the study results or put volunteers at undue risk
Plano de estudo
Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
- Finalidade Principal: Ciência básica
- Alocação: Randomizado
- Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
- Mascaramento: Solteiro
Armas e Intervenções
Grupo de Participantes / Braço |
Intervenção / Tratamento |
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Experimental: High Protein
2.4g protein/kg/d.
The macronutrient composition will be 50:15:35 (carbohydrates:fat:protein) during Energy Restriction
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All meals will be provided for the duration of the energy restriction intervention and the energy deficit will be calculated based on estimated energy requirements by indirect calorimetry to provide 60% of energy requirements.
In addition, one leg will be assigned to perform resistance exercise for 5 days during the 10 day energy deficit.
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Experimental: Adequate Protein
1.2g protein/kg/d.
The macronutrient composition will be 50:35:15 (carbohydrates:fat:protein) during Energy Restriction
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All meals will be provided for the duration of the energy restriction intervention and the energy deficit will be calculated based on estimated energy requirements by indirect calorimetry to provide 60% of energy requirements.
In addition, one leg will be assigned to perform resistance exercise for 5 days during the 10 day energy deficit.
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O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
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Muscle protein turnover
Prazo: Baseline and 10 days
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Change in muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown before and after the weight loss diet will be assessed.
The relationship between high protein diets (parallel groups) and exercise (unilateral resistance exercise) on muscle protein turnover will also be examined.
Muscle protein synthesis and muscle protein breakdown will be measured with stable isotope infusions of labelled phenylalanine tracers before and after the 10 day diet.
In addition, long term muscle protein synthesis will be measured with orally ingested deuterated water.
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Baseline and 10 days
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Medidas de resultados secundários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
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Molecular markers
Prazo: Baseline and 10 days
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Change in the the transcriptional expression of genes involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (main regulator of muscle protein breakdown) measured in muscle samples obtained at baseline and following the 10 day dietary intervention by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
These same samples will be analyzed by western blot for the expression of active and inactive isoforms of caspase-3, an important component of muscle protein breakdown.
Finally, immunoprecipitation and western blot will be used to examine the ubiquitination of translation initiation factors at baseline and following the 10 day intervention
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Baseline and 10 days
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.
Patrocinador
Publicações e links úteis
A pessoa responsável por inserir informações sobre o estudo fornece voluntariamente essas publicações. Estes podem ser sobre qualquer coisa relacionada ao estudo.
Publicações Gerais
- Areta JL, Burke LM, Camera DM, West DW, Crawshay S, Moore DR, Stellingwerff T, Phillips SM, Hawley JA, Coffey VG. Reduced resting skeletal muscle protein synthesis is rescued by resistance exercise and protein ingestion following short-term energy deficit. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Apr 15;306(8):E989-97. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00590.2013. Epub 2014 Mar 4.
- Pasiakos SM, Cao JJ, Margolis LM, Sauter ER, Whigham LD, McClung JP, Rood JC, Carbone JW, Combs GF Jr, Young AJ. Effects of high-protein diets on fat-free mass and muscle protein synthesis following weight loss: a randomized controlled trial. FASEB J. 2013 Sep;27(9):3837-47. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-230227. Epub 2013 Jun 5.
- Pasiakos SM, Vislocky LM, Carbone JW, Altieri N, Konopelski K, Freake HC, Anderson JM, Ferrando AA, Wolfe RR, Rodriguez NR. Acute energy deprivation affects skeletal muscle protein synthesis and associated intracellular signaling proteins in physically active adults. J Nutr. 2010 Apr;140(4):745-51. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.118372. Epub 2010 Feb 17.
- Hector AJ, Marcotte GR, Churchward-Venne TA, Murphy CH, Breen L, von Allmen M, Baker SK, Phillips SM. Whey protein supplementation preserves postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis during short-term energy restriction in overweight and obese adults. J Nutr. 2015 Feb;145(2):246-52. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.200832. Epub 2014 Dec 17. Erratum In: J Nutr. 2015 Jun;145(6):1373.
Datas de registro do estudo
Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.
Datas Principais do Estudo
Início do estudo
1 de junho de 2015
Conclusão Primária (Real)
1 de janeiro de 2016
Conclusão do estudo (Real)
1 de janeiro de 2016
Datas de inscrição no estudo
Enviado pela primeira vez
28 de março de 2015
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
28 de março de 2015
Primeira postagem (Estimativa)
1 de abril de 2015
Atualizações de registro de estudo
Última Atualização Postada (Estimativa)
16 de março de 2016
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
14 de março de 2016
Última verificação
1 de março de 2016
Mais Informações
Termos relacionados a este estudo
Palavras-chave
Outros números de identificação do estudo
- Not assigned (Charles A. Dana Foundation Brain and Immuno-Imaging Grant)
Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .
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