Developing and Testing Delicious and Nutritious for the Old People

January 19, 2018 updated by: Arne Astrup, University of Copenhagen

Meals-on wheels may play a major role in contributing to better nourishment and quality of life in older people, thus delaying costly hospitalisation. Still, dwelling, old adults who receive meals-on-wheels are a population at risk of undernutrition leading to a decreased quality of life.

Hypothesis Offering nutritious ELDORADO meals as meals-on-wheels to nursing home residents in 3 months is an effective way to increase quality of life.

Aim To improve quality of life and functional abilities in nursing home residents by offering nutritious ELDORADO meals.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Intervention The intervention group (n=50) will receive an optimized menu (in both sensory and nutritious aspects) for 12 weeks. In cooperation with the Copenhagen house of food and sensory staff, 19 main meals and 12 between-meals have been optimized based on nursing home residents' evaluations of sensory aspects. On a daily basis the menu will consist of 1 optimized main meal and 1 optimized between-meal, served for dinner. There will be no selective choice for the elderly. If a participant does not want the daily meal, he will receive another meal from the ordinary menu from the kitchen.

Control In comparison, the control group (n=50) will receive the same menu as the intervention group, however, the meals are not optimized on sensory and nutritious aspects. On a daily basis this menu also includes 1 main meal and 1 between-meal in 12 weeks. If a participant does not want the daily meal, he will receive another meal from the ordinary menu from the kitchen.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
52

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Denmark
      • Hillerod, Denmark, 3400
        • Skovhuset, nursing home

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

65 years and older (Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Living at Skovhuset, nursing home in Hillerød municipality, Denmark.
  • Collecting the "energy-dense diet" "ældrekost" with 40 % fat, with a main meal and a dessert/starter.
  • Able to understand and follow instructions for the procedures of the study.
  • Above 65 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Have chewing or swallowing difficulties.
  • Have acute disease or acute change in chronic disease.
  • Living after special nutritional standards e.g. vegetarian, have any food allergies, or if a participant is excluding common foods from their diet because of other reasons.
  • Not able or willing to give informed consent.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Sensory optimized meals

Intervention group is receiving:

Popular dishes selected from hospital and meal service menus optimized by sensory experts. Optimization is done with respect to taste, texture and appereance and on nutritional composition of the meals with focus on protein content.
Other: Sensory optimized meals
19 main meals and 12 between-meals are optimized and composed to a menu for 12 weeks.
Placebo Comparator: Control

Control group is receiving:

Popular dishes selected from hospital and meal service menus, NOT optimized by sensory experts.
Other: Sensory optimized meals
19 main meals and 12 between-meals are optimized and composed to a menu for 12 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Health related quality of life (EQ-5D-3L)
Time Frame: 12 weeks

(EQ-5D-3L) is a standardized instrument for use as a measure of health outcome. The EQ-5D-3L descriptive system comprises the following 5 dimensions (5D): mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 3 levels (3L): no problems (1 point), some problems (2 points), extreme problems (3 points).

This gives a total of 245 different health states, adding unconscious and dead.
12 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
MMSE (mini mental status)
Time Frame: 12 weeks
MMSE-test (mental function) MMSE is the most frequently used cognitive screening test, and has been developed with the aim of measuring cognitive abilities in the elderly and possibly changes in cognitive functioning over time.
12 weeks
Hand grip strenght
Time Frame: 12 weeks

Hand Grip Strenght (HGS) is valid as a measure of mobility in both healthy people and patients and is associated with both physical (strenght of function) and mental (quality of life) aspects of the participant.

HGS will be measured (in kg) with a Jamar 5030J1 Hydraulic Hand Dynanometer. It displays grip force up to 90 kg.
12 weeks
Chair stand
Time Frame: 12 weeks
By means of the modified 30 seconds chair-stand. Participants are asked to fold their arms across their chest and to stand up and sit down on a chair, as many times as possible during 30 seconds. The seat should be a height of at least 43 cm. In the modified version the arm rests are used for assistance or safety.
12 weeks
Diet registration
Time Frame: 4 days
In this study four days of diet registration will be done both in the intervention period and the control period on each participant to compare the energy and protein intake at the ordinary diet and at the project diet (intervention or control).
4 days
Satisfaction with food related life (SWFL)
Time Frame: 12 weeks
SWFL consist of five items that can be measured independently, or grouped into a single dimension. The participants evaluate their degree of agreement, with five statements of answer possibilities (from disagree completely to agree completely), and a higher level means a better SWFL score.
12 weeks
Weight
Time Frame: 12 weeks
The body weight of the participant is measured in the morning in the participants' home on a bathroom scale.
12 weeks
Height
Time Frame: 12 weeks
Height will be measured with a folding ruler.
12 weeks
EVS
Time Frame: 12 weeks
The Eating Validation Scheme (EVS) is a Danish nutritional assessment chart, used to assess nutritional intake and risk factors.
12 weeks
Liking
Time Frame: One month in the middle of the intervention

During an evening meal participants will evaluate sensory parameters of the side course and the main meal (appearance, taste and texture) with the counseling of a research assistant.

A 5-point hedonic scale ranging from 1 (dislike very much) to 5 (like very much) with the medium response either like or dislike was chosen.
One month in the middle of the intervention
Compliance
Time Frame: 12 weeks
A compliance sheet (compliance-week-schedule) of each week will be done to register how many times of the week the participant has eaten the project meals and how many times they have eaten something else from the ordinal menu (due to dislike of the ordinal menu or other reasons).
12 weeks
Observations of meals
Time Frame: One month in the middle of the intervention

In order to identify differences in the way the meal is handled and served an observational visit is done on the eight departments of the nursing home. The scheme includes six items:

  • Preparation of the dinner,
  • Tableware and serving,
  • Presentation of the dinner,
  • The food and side dishes,
  • The ambiance during dinner,
  • The role of the staff during dinner. Differences or coincidences from the observations will be found and used as background information to describe the meal situation.
One month in the middle of the intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Copenhagen

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Herlev and Gentofte Hospital

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Signe Loftager Okkels, Msc, The Nutrition Research Unit, Gentofte University hospital.

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
May 17, 2017

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 8, 2017

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 8, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 25, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 25, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 28, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
January 23, 2018

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 19, 2018

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
January 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • H-17002835

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

IPD Plan Description

If other researchers are interested in the data, I am planning to share them after publication of the results.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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