Effects of Streak-Based Versus Tally-Based Feedback on Daily Lesson Completion During a 30-Day Digital Health Challenge (Streaks)

February 2, 2026 updated by: University of Pennsylvania
The study will test two interventions for increasing engagement with a target behavior, delivered via a digital web application that participants can access using their phones or computers. For example, in the streak group, users would see how many consecutive days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their streak. In the tally group, participants will see how many cumulative days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their tally.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The objective of this study is to determine whether tracking people's streak of behavior increases their engagement in that behavior. To test this, the investigators are designing a web application that participants can access daily using their phones or computers. Our previous work suggests that streaks may be useful in motivating people to be more productive. In this study, the investigators change how the investigators operationalize streaks and test streaks in a field context. Because most previous streak research is on how others perceive someone who has a streak, this work is novel because it examines how encouraging someone to achieve and keep a streak affects behavior in a field context. The study will test two interventions for increasing engagement with a target behavior, delivered via a digital web application that participants can access using their phones or computers. For example, in the streak group, users would see how many consecutive days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their streak. In the tally group, participants will see how many cumulative days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their tally. The investigators are interested in whether people complete more daily lessons when a 30-day health challenge app provides daily feedback on their consecutive lessons (each comprising two multiple-choice questions) completed (i.e., "streaks") vs. when it provides feedback on their cumulative lessons completed (i.e., "tallies").

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
7004

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
        • University of Pennsylvania

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Our target population is 18 and older adults in the United States who have a valid U.S. phone number and who are willing to make an account on our web application for use during the duration of the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children under 18 years of age and adults without a valid U.S. phone number

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Tally
In the tally group, participants will see how many cumulative days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their tally.
Behavioral: Interventions for increasing engagement with a target behavior
The study will test two interventions for increasing engagement with a target behavior, delivered via a digital web application that participants can access using their phones or computers. For example, in the streak group, participants would see how many consecutive days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their streak. In the tally group, participants will see how many cumulative days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their tally. The investigators are interested in whether people complete more daily lessons when a 30-day health challenge app provides daily feedback on their consecutive lessons (each comprising two multiple-choice questions) completed (i.e., "streaks") vs. when it provides feedback on their cumulative lessons completed (i.e., "tallies").
Experimental: Streaks
In the streak group, participants would see how many consecutive days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their streak
Behavioral: Interventions for increasing engagement with a target behavior
The study will test two interventions for increasing engagement with a target behavior, delivered via a digital web application that participants can access using their phones or computers. For example, in the streak group, participants would see how many consecutive days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their streak. In the tally group, participants will see how many cumulative days they have completed daily lessons and will be encouraged to extend their tally. The investigators are interested in whether people complete more daily lessons when a 30-day health challenge app provides daily feedback on their consecutive lessons (each comprising two multiple-choice questions) completed (i.e., "streaks") vs. when it provides feedback on their cumulative lessons completed (i.e., "tallies").

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Total number of lessons completed
Time Frame: 30 days
The key dependent variable is a person's total number of lessons completed during the 30-day Health Daily program. Participants can only complete a given day's lesson on that day; a lesson is only considered complete if both questions that comprise the lesson are answered.
30 days

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Pennsylvania

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute on Aging (NIA)

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 23, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 21, 2026

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 21, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
October 21, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 21, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
October 23, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
February 3, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 2, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • DBSR-11288
  • P30AG034546-16 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

  • Unique ID
  • Condition assignment
  • Response for the first quiz question for each day
  • Response for the second quiz question for each day
  • Date
  • Female indicator (taken from generize.io)
  • Correct response for the first quiz question
  • Correct response for the second quiz question

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Individual participant data and all supporting materials will become available upon publication of the primary study manuscript and will remain accessible indefinitely thereafter.

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

Individual participant data and all supporting materials will be made openly available through the Open Science Framework (OSF) to any interested party without access restrictions.

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • ICF
  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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