Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Adolescents: Effects on Game Addiction, Stress, and Sleep (MBSR)

December 11, 2025 updated by: Muş Alparslan University

The Effect of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on Digital Game Addiction Levels, Perceived Stress, and Sleep Quality in Adolescents

This randomized controlled trial investigated the impact of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on digital game addiction, perceived stress, and sleep quality among adolescents. The primary research questions were as follows: Does the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program influence adolescents' levels of digital game addiction? Does the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program affect adolescents' perceived stress levels? Does the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program impact adolescents' sleep quality? Participants, aged 12-16, will be randomly allocated to either an intervention group, which will undergo an 8-week MBSR program, or a control group, which will continue with routine school activities. The MBSR program comprises weekly 40-minute sessions that include breath awareness, body scanning, mindful movement, and emotion regulation exercises. Data will be collected using the Digital Game Addiction Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index at both the pretest and posttest stages. This study is anticipated to contribute to the development of preventive strategies for behavioral addictions and enhance the emotional well-being and sleep patterns of adolescents.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program is a structured behavioral intervention aimed at enhancing awareness and emotional regulation through mindfulness practices. This study assessed the efficacy of an 8-week MBSR program implemented in high school settings in Muş, Turkey. A total of 80 adolescents (40 intervention and 40 control) will voluntarily participate in the study. The intervention group will engage in mindfulness sessions concentrating on "being present," "breath awareness," "accepting difficult emotions," and "self-compassion." Each session will have a duration of approximately 40 min per week. Ethical approval was obtained from the Atatürk University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Decision No: 2025/461). The anticipated findings aim to provide evidence supporting the use of mindfulness-based interventions to enhance adolescent mental health and prevent digital gaming addiction.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
80

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
      • Erzurum, Turkey (Türkiye)
        • Atatürk University, Health Sciences Institute

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years
  • Enrolled in a high school under the Muş Provincial Directorate of National Education
  • Voluntarily agreed to participate and provided informed consent (along with parental consent)
  • Able to attend all eight weeks of the mindfulness sessions
  • Sufficient literacy and comprehension to complete self-report questionnaires

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosed psychiatric, neurological, or developmental disorder
  • Currently receiving psychological therapy or participating in another behavioral program
  • Regular use of medication that affects sleep, mood, or cognitive function
  • Absence from more than two MBSR sessions
  • Declined or withdrew consent during the study period

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Experimental: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
Participants in this group will receive an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program specifically designed for adolescents. Each session lasts approximately 40 minutes and includes breathing awareness, body scan, mindful movement, and emotional regulation exercises. The sessions are conducted once a week in a classroom setting by a trained instructor. Participants are encouraged to practice mindfulness exercises at home between sessions.
Behavioral: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program (MBSR)
The intervention consists of an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program adapted for adolescents. Each weekly session lasts approximately 40 minutes and is conducted in a classroom setting by a trained instructor. The program includes breathing awareness, body scan, mindful movement, and emotion regulation exercises. Participants are encouraged to practice mindfulness at home between sessions using simple guided exercises.
No Intervention: No Intervention: Control Group
Participants in this group will not receive any mindfulness or behavioral intervention. They will continue their normal school routine and educational activities during the study period. After the study concludes, they will be offered a brief introductory mindfulness session as an ethical consideration.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Digital Game Addiction Score
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
Measured by the Digital Game Addiction Scale. Score range: 7 (minimum) to 35 (maximum). Higher scores indicate worse outcomes, representing higher levels of digital game addiction.
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Perceived Stress Score
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
Measured by the Perceived Stress Scale. Score range: 0 (minimum) to 56 (maximum). Higher scores indicate worse outcomes, reflecting a higher level of perceived stress.
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
Sleep Quality Score
Time Frame: Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)
Measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Score range: 0 (minimum) to 21 (maximum). Higher scores indicate worse outcomes, representing poorer sleep quality.
Baseline (Week 0) and Post-intervention (Week 8)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Muş Alparslan University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Ataturk University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 3, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 10, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 20, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 27, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 27, 2025

First Posted (Estimated)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 10, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 18, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 11, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/461

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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