- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT00000679
(Ro 24-2027) A Randomized, Double-Blind, Comparative Study of Dideoxycytidine (ddC) Versus Zidovudine (AZT) in Patients With AIDS or Advanced ARC
To show that zalcitabine (dideoxycytidine; ddC) is at least as effective as zidovudine (AZT) in the treatment of AIDS or advanced AIDS related complex (ARC), and also that ddC shows a different safety profile than AZT.
In clinical studies, ddC shows antiviral activity. Because of the antiviral activity, and because of the low incidence of mild, reversible neurotoxicity and absence of blood-related toxicity with low dose ddC therapy, a long-term Phase II/III study comparing ddC to AZT in patients with AIDS or advanced ARC is now warranted.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
In clinical studies, ddC shows antiviral activity. Because of the antiviral activity, and because of the low incidence of mild, reversible neurotoxicity and absence of blood-related toxicity with low dose ddC therapy, a long-term Phase II/III study comparing ddC to AZT in patients with AIDS or advanced ARC is now warranted.
After screening, physical examination and laboratory tests (within 14 days of entry) patients are randomized to one of two treatment groups. They receive either ddC plus an AZT placebo or AZT plus a ddC placebo. Because it is a blinded study, patients do not know which group they are in. Patients are evaluated weekly for the first 10 weeks and then biweekly thereafter.
Study Type
Enrollment
Phase
- Phase 2
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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California
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Harbor City, California, United States, 90710
- Kaiser Foundation Hosp
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Los Angeles, California, United States, 90027
- Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr
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Sacramento, California, United States, 95817
- UCD Med Ctr
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San Francisco, California, United States, 94114
- Davies Med Ctr
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San Francisco, California, United States, 94115
- Mount Zion Med Ctr
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San Francisco, California, United States, 94121
- San Francisco Veterans Administration Med Ctr
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San Jose, California, United States, 95128
- Santa Clara Valley Med Ctr
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District of Columbia
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Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20007
- Georgetown Univ Med Ctr
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Florida
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Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States, 33308
- Ctr for Special Immunology
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Fort Myers, Florida, United States, 33901
- Comprehensive Clinic / Dr Robert Schwartz
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Miami, Florida, United States, 33125
- Med Service
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Georgia
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Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30308
- AIDS Research Consortium of Atlanta
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Illinois
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Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611
- Northwestern Univ Med School
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Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
- Rush Presbyterian - Saint Luke's Med Ctr
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Massachusetts
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Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02111
- New England Med Ctr
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Michigan
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Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48202
- Henry Ford Hosp
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New Jersey
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Newark, New Jersey, United States, 07102
- Saint Michael's Med Ctr
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New York
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Albany, New York, United States, 12203
- Albany Med College / AIDS Treatment Ctr
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Brooklyn, New York, United States, 11220
- Sunset Park Health Ctr - Lutheran Med Ctr
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North Carolina
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Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27103
- Bowman Gray School of Medicine / North Carolina Baptist Hosp
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Ohio
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Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106
- Univ Hosp of Cleveland / Case Western Reserve Univ
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Pennsylvania
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19146
- Graduate Hosp
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Texas
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Dallas, Texas, United States, 75219
- N Texas Ctr for AIDS & Clin Rsch
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Galveston, Texas, United States, 77550
- Univ TX Galveston Med Branch
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Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
- Baylor College of Medicine
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria
Concurrent Medication:
Allowed:
- Aerosolized pentamidine (300 mg once every 4 weeks) for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis.
- Neuroleptics, benzodiazepines, or antidepressants if patient has been stable with chronic treatment > 1 month.
- Low dose benzodiazepines or low dose antidepressants.
- Drugs that are unlikely to cause increased toxicity with either study drug and are unlikely to cause peripheral neuropathy.
- Drugs with little nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, or cytotoxicity that the patient has been taking and tolerating well.
- Acyclovir (up to 600 mg/kg/day) for up to 21 days.
- Ketoconazole (up to 400 mg/day) Nystatin.
- Low-dose acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
- Isoniazid if patient has no evidence of peripheral neuropathy at entry and if patient takes 50 mg/day pyridoxine concomitantly with isoniazid.
- Allowed with interruption of study medication for up to 21 days per episode and for a total of 42 days for the study:
- Drugs that could cause serious additive toxicity when coadministered with either study medication for treatment of an acute intercurrent illness or opportunistic infection, including:
- Acyclovir (< 600 mg/day), fluconazole, systemic pentamidine, foscarnet, pyrimethamine, triple sulfa, ansamycin, ganciclovir, trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole.
Patients must have a diagnosis of AIDS or advanced AIDS related complex (ARC). At least 20 percent of the patients must have a consistently positive serum HIV p24 antigen (= or > 70 pg/ml) as defined by the Abbott HIV antigen test, on two separate occasions at least 72 hours apart.
- Patients found at screening to have a temperature > 38.5 degrees C should be evaluated for the possibility of an occult opportunistic or bacterial infection or neoplasm. If this complete evaluation reveals an infection, they can be entered. If this evaluation is unrevealing, they may be entered after evaluation is completed but while mycobacterial cultures are still pending. Patients with a history of unexplained temperatures > 38.5 degrees C should be evaluated as above and/or be afebrile (temperature < 38.0 degrees C) for 2 weeks prior to study entry.
- Allowed: Kaposi's sarcoma not specifically excluded, basal cell carcinoma of the skin or in situ carcinoma of the cervix.
- Current positive venereal disease research label (VDRL) and fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA) if treated as for asymptomatic neurosyphilis.
Prior Medication:
Allowed:
- Drugs that cause peripheral neuropathy and drugs that could cause significant increased toxicity with zidovudine (AZT) or dideoxycytidine (ddC) including experimental drugs if therapy with these drugs is completed and patient is stable for 14 days.
Exclusion Criteria
Co-existing Condition:
Patients with the following conditions or symptoms are excluded:
- Active AIDS defining opportunistic infection or other active intercurrent illness is excluded if ongoing treatment requires the use of excluded concomitant medication.
- Patients with symptomatic visceral Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), progression of KS within the month prior to entry into the study, or with current neoplasms not specifically allowed.
- Severe AIDS dementia complex defined by a score of < 23 on the Mini-Mental State Exam.
- Signs, symptoms, or history of peripheral neuropathy.
- Significant cardiac disease, defined as history of ventricular arrhythmias requiring medication, prior myocardial infarct, or history of angina or ischemia changes on ECG (electrocardiography).
- Requiring > 2 weeks of acyclovir therapy at > 600 mg/day.
- Current positive venereal disease research label (VDRL) and fluorescent treponemal antibody (FTA) not specifically allowed.
- Significant liver disease.
Concurrent Medication:
Excluded:
- Drugs that cause peripheral neuropathy:
- chloramphenicol, cisplatinum, iodoquinol, dapsone, phenytoin, disulfiram, ethionamide, glutethimide, gold, hydralazine, ribavirin, metronidazole, vincristine, nitrofurantoin.
- Drugs that could cause significant increased toxicity with zidovudine (AZT) or dideoxycytidine (ddC), including experimental drugs not specifically allowed.
- Drugs that could cause seizures or changes in mental status or neurological examination.
Concurrent Treatment:
Excluded:
- Transfusion dependency.
Patients with the following are excluded:
- Active AIDS defining opportunistic infection or other active intercurrent illness if ongoing treatment requires use of excluded concomitant medication.
- Symptomatic visceral Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), progression of KS within the month prior to study entry, or current neoplasms not specifically allowed.
- Severe AIDS dementia complex defined by a score of < 23 on the Mini-Mental State Exam.
- Signs, symptoms, or history of peripheral neuropathy.
- Unwilling or unable to sign informed consent.
Prior Medication:
Excluded:
- Zidovudine (AZT), dideoxycytidine (ddC), or any other antiretroviral nucleoside analog.
- Excluded within 90 days of study entry:
- Any experimental drug including fluconazole, ganciclovir, foscarnet, erythropoietin, or ribavirin.
Excluded within 90 days of study entry:
- Drugs that have caused significant nephrotoxicity or significant hepatotoxicity.
- Drugs that could cause peripheral neuropathy including phenytoin, hydralazine, metronidazole, and nitrofurantoin.
- Systemic corticosteroids or immunomodulators including interferon and interleukin.
Prior Treatment:
Excluded within 30 days of study entry:
- Radiation therapy.
Active substance or alcohol abuse.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Masking: Double
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Bozzette SA, Hays RD, Berry SH, Kanouse DE. A Perceived Health Index for use in persons with advanced HIV disease: derivation, reliability, and validity. Med Care. 1994 Jul;32(7):716-31. doi: 10.1097/00005650-199407000-00005.
- Bozzette SA, Hays RD, Berry SH, Kanouse DE, Wu AW. Derivation and properties of a brief health status assessment instrument for use in HIV disease. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995 Mar 1;8(3):253-65. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199503010-00006.
- Bozzette SA, Kanouse DE, Berry S, Duan N. Health status and function with zidovudine or zalcitabine as initial therapy for AIDS. A randomized controlled trial. Roche 3300/ACTG 114 Study Group. JAMA. 1995 Jan 25;273(4):295-301.
- Bozzette SA, Kanouse D, Berry S, Duan N, Downes-LeGuin T, Hays R, Petinnelli C, Richman DD, Gocke D, Kahn J. Relative effects of ddC or ddI versus ZDV on health status, function and disability in N3300 (ACTG 114) and ACTG 116b/117. Int Conf AIDS. 1992 Jul 19-24;8(1):Mo21 (abstract no MoB 0077)
- Remick S, Follansbee S, Olson R, Pollard R, Reiter W, Salgo M. Safety and tolerance of zalcitabine (ddC, HIVID) in a double-blind, comparative trial (ACTG 114; N3300). Int Conf AIDS. 1993 Jun 6-11;9(1):488 (abstract no PO-B26-2115)
- Follansbee S, Drew L, Olson R, Pollard R, Relter W, Salgo M. The efficacy of zalcitabine (ddC, HIVID) versus zidovudine (ZDV) as monotherapy in ZDV naive patients with advanced HIV disease: a randomized, double-blind, comparative trial (ACTG 114; N3300). Int Conf AIDS. 1993 Jun 6-11;9(1):487 (abstract no PO-B26-2113)
- Gries JM, Troconiz IF, Verotta D, Jacobson M, Sheiner LB. A pooled analysis of CD4 response to zidovudine and zalcitabine treatment in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1997 Jan;61(1):70-82. doi: 10.1016/S0009-9236(97)90183-1.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- RNA Virus Infections
- Virus Diseases
- Infections
- Blood-Borne Infections
- Communicable Diseases
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- Lentivirus Infections
- Retroviridae Infections
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
- Immune System Diseases
- HIV Infections
- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Antiviral Agents
- Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
- Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Anti-HIV Agents
- Anti-Retroviral Agents
- Antimetabolites
- Zidovudine
- Zalcitabine
Other Study ID Numbers
- ACTG 114
- Protocol Number: N3300A
- FDA 31A
- Study Number: 3-27
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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