Streptococcal Infections in Fiji - Prevalence of Group A Streptococcal Pyoderma and Scabies in Infants in Fiji

The Epidemiology of Group A Streptococcal Infections in Fiji (Fiji GrASP) - Part 4 -The Prevalence of Group A Streptococcal Pyoderma and Scabies in Infants in Fiji

Group A streptococcus (GAS) is a bacteria that causes many different sicknesses in children and adults. This study will look at the number of cases of pyoderma (bacterial skin infection) and scabies (skin mites that cause itching) in 550 infants 12 months or younger in Fiji. (GAS can cause pyoderma, and sometimes skin sites infested with scabies can become infected with GAS bacteria.) The study will also look at the makeup of GAS and how certain medications affect GAS. The infants will be involved in the study for approximately 1 week. Their skin will be examined for pyoderma and scabies. A swab sample will be taken from the pyoderma area to test for GAS. The researchers hope to see how often these skin infections occur and how they affect the Fijian population. The information will help the researchers to develop better treatment and possibly a vaccine to prevent infection. Infants with pyoderma that is defined as "greater than mild" will be referred for treatment.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Streptococcus Group A

Detailed Description

Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, a common infective agent in children and adults, causes the widest range of clinical disease of any bacterium. This study is the fourth of five studies in a larger project aimed at evaluating the epidemiology of infections caused by the group A streptococcus (GAS) in Fiji. This larger project is called the Fiji Group A Streptococcal Project (Fiji GrASP). Fiji GrASP is in turn part of a larger program aimed at progression of a novel GAS vaccine - this program is the project entitled "Global GAS Vaccine Based on the M-Protein." The three broad aims of the Fiji GrASP epidemiologic studies are: (1) to establish the burden of disease of GAS infections in Fiji; (2) to describe the molecular epidemiology of GAS isolates in Fiji and; (3) to establish natural immunologic correlates of protection of a J8 vaccine if they exist. This is a cross-sectional study of 550 infants over a 2-month period. Skin will be examined for pyoderma and scabies, and swabs will be taken from pyoderma lesions once. All GAS isolates from skin swabs will undergo genetic sequencing of the N-terminal and C-repeat regions (for the J8 epitope) of the M protein at QIMR. One hundred skin swabs will undergo antimicrobial susceptibility testing against penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol. The primary objectives of the study are to estimate the point prevalence of GAS pyoderma in 550 infants in the Central Division of Fiji and to estimate the point prevalence of scabies in 550 infants in the Central Division of Fiji. The secondary objectives of the study are to genotypically characterize group A streptococci isolated from skin swabs from pyoderma lesions in infants in Fiji and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility to penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol in 100 GAS isolates from skin swabs. The primary endpoints of the study are to determine the number of cases of pyoderma and the number of cases of scabies. The secondary endpoints are: (1) to determine the number of children with pyoderma and scabies; (2) to determine the number of GAS isolates from skin swabs that contain the J8 epitope and the overall emm-type distribution of GAS isolates and; (3) to complete antibiograms of GAS isolates from skin to penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment: 550

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Fiji
  • Suva, Fiji
    • Colonial War Memorial Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: No older than 1 year (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Informed consent from parents/guardians will be obtained for all study participants.
2. Infants less than or equal to 12 months of age
3. Attending Navua Health Center and/or Raiwaqa/Vatuwaqa Health Centre
4. Infants can only be enrolled on one occasion.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Subjects greater than 12 months of age

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Time Perspectives: Prospective

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: February 1, 2007
• Primary Completion: December 7, 2022
• Study Completion: April 1, 2007

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 16, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 16, 2007
• First Posted (Estimate): February 19, 2007

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): May 2, 2008
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 1, 2008
• Last Verified: October 1, 2007

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Group A Streptococcus, scabies, pyoderma, Fiji
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Infections; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Infections and Mycoses; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Parasitic Diseases; Ectoparasitic Infestations; Skin Diseases, Parasitic; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Mite Infestations; Scabies; Streptococcal Infections; Pyoderma
• Other Study ID Numbers: 06-0081; Fiji GrASP Part 4

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No