Medial-Wedge Insole is Highly Effective in the Treatment of Valgus Knee Osteoarthritis

April 27, 2007 updated by: University of Sao Paulo
  • To assess the efficacy of medial-wedge insole in valgus knee osteoarthritis (OA).
  • We hypothesized that medial-wedged insoles are biomechanically effective and should reduce lateral compartment loading in persons with valgus knee osteoarthritis with a consequent symptomatic improvement.

Study Overview

Status

Terminated

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Thirty females fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology criteria for knee osteoarthritis with bilateral valgus deformity greater than or equal to 8° were consecutively will be selected from the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic of University of São Paulo. Radiographic grading of OA was defined according to Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) and analyzed blind by the same rheumatologist. Inclusion criteria were knee osteoarthritis with lateral compartment involvement detected on X-Ray (KL class II or more); absence or minimal (KL class 0 or I) for medial compartment involvement; and pain on movement > 2 measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Exclusion criteria were: body mass index (BMI) > 40, scoliosis, lower limbs length difference exceeding 1 cm, knee surgery, hallux rigidus, previous history of rheumatologic disease (rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue disease, microcrystalline arthropathy, and soronegative arthropathy), soft tissue involvement (anserine, patellar, and calcaneal tendinopathy), and foot/lower leg symptoms.

Corticosteroid and hyaluronic acid infiltrations were not allowed 3 and 6 months prior to entry, respectively. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesics or slow action drugs (DMARDs) were allowed if prescribed at least four weeks and eight weeks before entry and remained unchanged throughout the study.

The study was approved by the local Ethical Committee and all patients signed informed consent.

Study protocol:

Patients will be randomly assigned into 2 groups: CASES with 16 patients and CONTROLS with fourteen patients. The CASES wore 8 mm high, medial-wedged insoles for the hind foot inserted into a new shoe for 8 weeks. The CONTROLS will use an insole resembling the former group, only without raised wedges (FIGURE 1-B) for 8 weeks. Patients of both groups will receive the same new shoe and were blind to the insole use.

The ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA - density 50) insoles were provided by the AACD Institute (Handicapped Child Care Association). A commercial neoprene with elastic banding will be used for ankle support. Both groups will use similar standard shoes supplied by the hospital. Each participant will be instructed to use the splints (shoes and elastic banding) for 3 to 6 hours daily. The correct use of the splints will be checked every two weeks. Undesirable side-effects will be recorded at the end of the study.

Age, disease duration, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and sedentarism (only daily activities) will be recorded for all patients at entry. In order to assess symptoms, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be used for night pain, pain at rest and on movement. Lequesne index score and the WOMAC questionnaire will be applied at baseline and after 8 weeks by a blinded examiner.

Antero-posterior conventional X-ray of knees and ankles will be performed under monopodalic load with and without insoles in order to measure femorotibial, talocalcaneal, and talus tilt angles. Femorotibial angle is formed by the intersection of femur and tibia axes, obtained through lines drawn at distal one-third of the femur and proximal one-third of the tibia, both equidistant from external limits of the cortical bones. Talocalcaneal angle is formed by a first line connecting the midpoints between the trochanter talus to the lateral and medial malleoli, and a second line perpendicular to the floor identified by inferior border of X-ray. Tilt angle of talus is formed by a line parallel to floor and the tilt of the trochanter talus. All angles will be measured blind by the same rheumatologist.

Study Type

Interventional

Phase

  • Phase 3

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

41 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • knee osteoarthritis with bilateral valgus deformity greater than or equal to 8°.
  • Radiographic grading of OA was defined according to Kellgren and Lawrence (KL)class II or more
  • pain on movement > 2 measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Exclusion Criteria:

  • body mass index (BMI) > 40
  • scoliosis
  • lower limbs length difference exceeding 1 cm
  • knee surgery
  • hallux rigidus
  • previous history of rheumatologic disease (rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue disease, microcrystalline arthropathy,soronegative arthropathy)
  • soft tissue involvement (anserine, patellar, and calcaneal tendinopathy)
  • foot/lower leg symptoms

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
To assess symptoms, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) will be used for night pain, pain at rest and on movement. Lequesne index score and the WOMAC questionnaire will be applied at baseline and after 8 weeks by a blinded examiner.
Time Frame: 2 years
2 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Antero-posterior conventional X-ray of knees and ankles were both performed under monopodalic load with and without insoles in order to measure femorotibial, talocalcaneal, and talus tilt angles.
Time Frame: 2 years
2 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Sao Paulo

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Ricardo Fuller, MD PhD, Rheumatology Division HCFMUSP
  • Study Director: Eloisa Bonfa, MD PhD, Rheumatology Division HCFMUSP

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

June 1, 2004

Study Completion (Actual)

June 1, 2006

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 27, 2007

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 27, 2007

First Posted (Estimate)

April 30, 2007

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

April 30, 2007

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 27, 2007

Last Verified

April 1, 2007

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • CAPPESP#130/04

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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