Safety and Efficacy of Alemtuzumab in Pediatric Intestinal Transplantation

July 1, 2019 updated by: Rakesh Sindhi, University of Pittsburgh

Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacogenomics, and Preliminary Safety and Efficacy of Alemtuzumab Induction and Tacrolimus in Pediatric Intestinal Transplantation (IND # 100496)

This open-label clinical trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of Alemtuzumab (Campath, Bayer Corp., Pittsburgh) in children (0-17) and adults (18-25) receiving intestinal transplant. Seventy-five subjects receiving primary or repeat intestine transplantation will be enrolled. Primary endpoints include the incidence and severity of biopsy-proven acute cellular rejection, the incidence of freedom from steroids at 5 years, and the incidence of subjects with steroid-free Tacrolimus at whole blood concentrations < 10 ng/ml. Secondary endpoints include a) incidence and severity of opportunistic infections (CMV and EBV), post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), and chronic rejection b) use of non-immunosuppressive co-medications, c) time to repopulation of all lymphocyte subsets, d) longitudinal characterization of donor-specific alloreactivity in mixed lymphocyte responses (MLR), to identify the time at which it decreases to a level less than third-party-specific alloreactivity e) longitudinal expression (mRNA) of genes, to identify rejection- and non-rejection-specific genes and f) characterization of whole genome mutations, which show differences in parent-to-child transmission between rejectors and non-rejectors. This will identify rejection- and non-rejection-specific genes bearing genetic variants, which might impact on gene function, and complement candidate gene identification efforts based on SNP transmission.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Intraoperatively, it is our impression that Alemtuzumab may predispose to mild coagulopathy. Therefore, we have elected to administer steroids, and withhold Alemtuzumab in the operating room for all small bowel transplant recipients.

  1. Premedication with acetaminophen 10 mg/kg orally + diphenhydramine 1 mg/kg intravenously + methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg, intravenously will occur 30 minutes before Alemtuzumab administration.
  2. Steroids up to 10 mg/kg as bolus will be administered intravenously in the operating room prior to reperfusion of the allograft followed by decreasing amounts of low-dose steroids post-transplant.

    Day 1 post-transplant: up to 5 mg/kg can be given Day 2 post-transplant: up to 4 mg/kg can be given Day 3 post-transplant: up to 3 mg/kg can be given Day 4 post-transplant: up to 2 mg/kg can be given Day 5 post-transplant: up to 1 mg/kg can be given

    Maintenance steroids are tapered thereafter by switching to equivalent amounts of oral prednisone, as soon as ileus results and oral intake intake is possible. By the end of the first month, all patients receive no more than 2.5-5 mg/day of prednisone. This amount is exceeded only if rejection occurs. Long-term prednisone usage may be elected in patients re-transplanted for chronic rejection.

  3. A single dose of Alemtuzumab 0.4-0.5 mg/kg will be given intravenously slowly post-operatively. Total dose will not exceed 30 mg.

Procedures:

  1. Tacrolimus will be initiated at 0.01 mg per kg body weight orally. If biopsy-proven rejection does not occur, Tacrolimus will be titrated to whole blood concentrations:

    Month 1: 15-20 ng/ml Months 2-3: 10-15 ng/ml Month 4-6: 8-10 ng/ml Months 6-12: 5-10 ng/ml

  2. This minimization protocol will be delayed by 3 months if biopsy proven acute cellular rejection occurs. At the event of rejection, Tacrolimus minimization and steroids sparing will be discontinued and standard immunosuppression will be instituted. For example, if rejection occurs, Tacrolimus is increased to month 1 levels of 15-20 ng/ml, and steroids added to the regimen. Steroids will be reduced or eliminated within 3 months of rejection, and tacrolimus minimization resumed as described above. These levels of Tacrolimus are our standards of care in the event of rejection. Current immunosuppressive protocols at our center include rabbit anti-human thymocyte globulin (rATG) with Tacrolimus monotherapy, or Tacrolimus + steroid without induction.
  3. Laboratory tests per clinical protocol. The clinical standard of care will be followed in performing post-Tx monitoring labs consisting of complete blood count with differential count, serum sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, BUN, creatinine and glucose, and liver function tests consisting of Total bilirubin, aspartate alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate glutamine transaminase (AST), and glutamyl galactosyl transaminase (GGT), and TAC whole blood concentrations. These laboratory tests are performed at least weekly in the first and second months, twice monthly in month 3, and monthly thereafter to the sixth month. The extra 1 to 11 ml needed for pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenomic studies is discussed further in items 5 and in Table 1.
  4. Surveillance intestinal allograft biopsies will be performed per clinical surveillance protocol-twice weekly in the first month, weekly in the second month, two-weekly in the third month, and at least monthly thereafter until the end of the 6th month, and at least annually thereafter. Surveillance biopsies are done because no blood test exists to indicate intestinal allograft dysfunction.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

23

Phase

  • Phase 2

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

4 months to 25 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 0-25 years
  • male and female
  • Primary intestine transplantation, repeat intestine transplantation, and intestine transplantation in the setting of a previous or simultaneous liver transplantation

Exclusion Criteria:

  • documented non-compliance
  • known hypersensitivity to egg protein
  • pregnancy
  • malignancy
  • hepatitis C and B defined as anti-HCV antibody positive, and anti-Hepatitis B surface antigen or Hepatitis B core antibody positive or HBV DNA positive.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Other: Alemtuzumab induction
Intestine transplant recipients who receive induction with alemtuzumab prior to transplantation.
Alemtuzumab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD52 antigen. A single dose of 0.3-0.4 mg/kg is given to enrolled subjects at the time of intestine transplantation, 30 minutes after premedication with acetaminophen, diphenhydramine and methylprednisolone
Other Names:
  • Campath H-1 (Genzyme, Cambridge, MA)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Incidence of Post Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD)
Time Frame: 5 Year
Asses safety of Alemtuzumab in combination with Tacrolimus and steroids in twenty-three pediatric intestine allograft recipients by calculating the rate in which PTLD occurred amongst the study population.
5 Year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Incidence of Biopsy-proven Acute Cellular Rejection
Time Frame: 1 Year
Biopsy-proven incidence of acute cellular rejection
1 Year
Incidence of Patients in Whom Steroids Are Not Used
Time Frame: 1 year
As part of analysis for assessing effectiveness and safety of Alemtuzumab Induction at the time of transplant, it is important to assess the incidence in which patients enrolled were able to wean off of steroids post-transplant compared to historical controls.
1 year
Incidence of Patients in Whom Tacrolimus Whole Blood Concentration Less Than 10 ng/ml Are Being Used at 1-year Follow-up.
Time Frame: 1 year
Tacrolimus whole blood concentrations less than 10 ng/ml
1 year
Incidence of Patients in Whom Steroids Are Not Used
Time Frame: 5 year
As part of analysis for assessing effectiveness and safety of Alemtuzumab Induction at the time of transplant, it is important to assess the incidence in which patients enrolled were able to wean off of steroids post-transplant compared to historical controls.
5 year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Rakesh Sindhi, MD, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC/University of Pittsburgh

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

April 1, 2007

Primary Completion (Actual)

November 1, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

November 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 22, 2010

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 22, 2010

First Posted (Estimate)

September 23, 2010

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 15, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 1, 2019

Last Verified

July 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • IRB0701088

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Rejection

Clinical Trials on Alemtuzumab

3
Subscribe