Eltrombopag in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Patients With Thrombocytopenia

A Sequential Two-Stage Dose Escalation Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Eltrombopag in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Patients With Thrombocytopenia Who Progressed or Are Resistant to Hypomethylating Agents

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of eltrombopag in people who have myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with thrombocytopenia who have progressed or are resistant to decitabine or azacitidine. (These are the only 2 drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration [FDA] which can improve platelet counts). The investigators (the study doctor, study staff, and sponsor) want to find out what effects, good or bad, eltrombopag (study drug) may have on people with low platelet counts due to MDS. The investigators will also be testing how well eltrombopag may work at different doses in these diseases.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Thrombocytopenia; Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Eltrombopag

Detailed Description

Study was originally designed as a Phase I/II but was terminated during the Phase I portion due to lack of efficacy

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 37
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Florida
    • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33612
      • H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Confirmed diagnosis of MDS using the World Health Organization (WHO) classification or a diagnosis of WHO Myelodysplastic/ Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MDS/MPN) or MDS refractory anemia with excess blast in transformation (RAEB-t) by French American British (FAB) classification (AML with 20-30% myeloblasts by WHO classification).
• All prognostic risk groups according to the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) and MD Anderson Risk Model
• At least one prior HMTA treatment with either azacitidine or decitabine and subsequent loss of response to HMTA, progression while on HMTA, or no response to HMTA, defined as failure to achieve at least HI after 4 cycles of treatment
• The mean of the two platelet counts taken within 1 month prior to dosing must be ≤50 x 10^9/L. Platelets counts must reflect pre-transfusion trough results or be obtained no sooner than 1 week after platelet transfusion to assure stable baseline platelet count. The platelet count obtained should be outside the expected nadir of prior therapies.
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2 (Karnofsky >60%
• Adequate liver function, as evidenced by total serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (patients with Gilbert's disease are eligible, provided intermittent indirect hyperbilirubinemia), aspartic transaminase (AST) or alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤ 3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN).
• A serum creatinine concentration ≤ 2 x ULN
• Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately.
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Clinically significant bleeding within 4 weeks of screening defined as any grade 3 or grade 4 bleeding by WHO Bleeding Scale or any gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding or intracranial hemorrhage
• Splenic enlargement extending >8 cm below the left costal margin
• Myelodysplastic syndrome with fibrosis (MF 3)
• Received Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) within 6 months of screening
• Received immunomodulating agents, histone deacetylase inhibitors, cyclosporine, or mycophenolate within 4 weeks of screening
• History of treatment with eltrombopag, romiplostim or other thrombopoietin receptor (TPO-R) agonists
• Concurrent use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) except for the short-term management of neutropenic infection. Stable doses of erythropoietin stimulating agents or corticosteroids that were being administered prior to screening are allowed.
• Treatment with an investigational drug within 30 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) preceding the first dose of study medication.
• Pregnant or breast feeding
• Current alcohol or drug abuse
• Known Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C infection or liver cirrhosis
• Uncontrolled current illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
• At eltrombopag dose levels 200 mg and above cohorts, participants with a QT corrected for heart rate (QTc) > 480 msec at screening, if other drugs known to cause prolonged QT are stopped an EKG documenting QTc below 480 msec is required.
• History of metastatic malignancy in the preceding 2 years
• Known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients. These patients are excluded because they may have morphologic dysplasia which mimics MDS but is not true MDS Tand thrombocytopenia could be multifactorial secondary to HIV infection or to medications.
• Receiving, or planning to receive, any of the medications listed in the Prohibited Medications section during conduct of the study.
• East Asian patients (Chinese, Japanese, Taiwanese, and Korean ancestry) are excluded during stage I of the study (dose escalation phase) due to the different pharmacogenomics in this patient population.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: NA
• Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Eltrombopag Treatment; Phase I: Dose Escalation	Drug: Eltrombopag; In Stage 1 the best dose of eltrombopag will be found to take into Stage 2, which will treat 15 participants at this dose.; Other Names: Promacta®

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD)	Determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of eltrombopag for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in participants with MDS who have either progressed or are resistant to Hypomethylating Agents (HMTA). The MTD is defined as the highest dose where less than 33% of participants experience a drug related predefined dose limited toxicity (DLT).	24 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
• Collaborators: GlaxoSmithKline

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• Moffitt Cancer Center Clinical Trials website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): April 6, 2011
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): November 3, 2017
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): November 3, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 27, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 28, 2011
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): January 31, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): November 7, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 3, 2022
• Last Verified: November 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: platelets
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Neoplasms; Disease; Bone Marrow Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Blood Platelet Disorders; Precancerous Conditions; Syndrome; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Preleukemia; Thrombocytopenia
• Other Study ID Numbers: MCC-16523