Safety and Effectiveness Study of the AO-1000 Device to Treat Contained Herniated Discs

July 13, 2016 updated by: ActiveO Inc.

A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Ozone Generated and Injected by the AO-1000 Device in the Treatment of Contained Herniated Discs

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the AO-1000 device to treat and relieve the pain of symptomatic subjects with contained herniated discs. This single-arm pilot study will be used as a go vs. no-go decision on performing a randomized-controlled trial.

The study's primary effectiveness objective is to demonstrate that the patient's functionality (based on Oswestry Disability Index scores) has improved from baseline at one month. The study's primary safety objective is to demonstrate that serious device/procedure related adverse events and subsequent surgical interventions are no greater than those in a literature control of other percutaneous disc decompression procedures at discharge, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months post-treatment.

Secondary objectives are to demonstrate procedural success and improvement in the pain and function of the subjects at 1, 6, and 12 months using the VAS and ODI scales as well as tracking analgesic medication use. Pain and function scores for each follow-up time will be compared to the baseline scores.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The AO-1000 device provides an oxygen-ozone treatment for contained herniated discs. An oxygen-ozone treatment is a minimally invasive injection for treating disc herniations that is widely practiced in Europe and Asia. This treatment involves the injection of an oxygen-ozone mixture into the herniated disc and/or the paravertebral muscle surrounding the disc. However, there are no medical ozone generators for this procedure that are currently cleared by the FDA for use in the US. Many studies using a wide range of inclusion/exclusion criteria, ozone concentrations, and procedures have been performed to determine the effectiveness of oxygen-ozone treatment.

A meta-analysis of nearly 8,000 patients from published studies shows a mean improvement of 39 mm for VAS and 25.7 for ODI. The likelihood of complications was 0.064%. Furthermore, no cases of discitis were reported after oxygen-ozone therapy, which is unlike all the other methods of disc volume reduction. This is most likely due to the fact that ozone is a strong oxidizer and an excellent disinfecting agent. The complications shown in the meta-analysis were minor and transient, and easily avoidable by utilizing a device such as the AO-1000 that is designed to eliminate these types of complications (ozone leakage into the treatment room and high ozone concentrations) during this procedure. The estimated complication rate from the meta-analysis is consistent with the Italian Oxygen-Ozone Therapy Federation (FIO) results (no procedure-related adverse events in treatments on 15,000 patients).

The safety of the direct injection of oxygen-ozone gas mixture into the nucleus pulposus was well established in these studies. Therefore, the intent of this study is to obtain data to confirm that a 2 weight percent (wt%) oxygen-ozone mixture delivered from the AO-1000 device is safe and effective for the intended use. This clinical study is designed to bridge the AO-1000 to the extensive prior oxygen-ozone treatment safety and effectiveness data between studies such as those found in the Meta-analysis that did not use the AO-1000 as the delivery system.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

39

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • British Columbia
      • Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V5Z 1M9
        • Vancouver General Hospital
    • Ontario
      • London, Ontario, Canada, N6H 5A5
        • University of Western Ontario - London Health Sciences Centre
      • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5T 2S8
        • Toronto Western Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 18 to 70 years of age
  • Herniated disc between L1 and S1 evident on diagnostic imaging
  • Sciatica with or without lower back pain for > 3 months
  • Failure to improve with non-operative care (Conservative treatment failure)
  • Sciatica with or without lower back pain exacerbated by sitting and/or standing with recumbent relief
  • A preoperative leg or back VAS (pain) score between 40 and 90 mm on a 100 mm scale. (moderate to severe pain)
  • A preoperative ODI (function) score between 40 and 90 (moderate to severe functional disability)
  • Able and willing to return for the follow-up evaluations
  • The pain must be consistent with the dermatome pattern and must be clearly identifiable to the herniated disc.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Functional neurological deficit evident during neurological exam
  • Previous spine surgery in the lumbar region or adjacent to the disc of interest
  • Cord compression or cauda equine syndrome
  • Structural deformities (e.g. spondylolisthesis, greater than a mild degree of non-discogenic vertebral canal stenosis, greater than a mild degree of scoliosis, spinal fracture, disc herniations > 4 mm, sequestered herniation)
  • Extruded/free disc fragment
  • Calcified disc fragment
  • Disc height loss > 75%
  • Inaccessible disc due to, for example, overlap of the iliac wings, and/or steep angulation of the L5/S1 disc space
  • Coagulopathy evident on blood sample testing
  • Platelet count < 50,000
  • International Normalized Ratio (INR) > 1.4
  • Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) > 1.3
  • White blood cell count (WBCC) > 12,000
  • Infection as evidenced by subject clinical evaluation, history, and blood test
  • Any evidence of osteomyelitis/discitis at any level
  • Uncontrolled/acute illness
  • Women who are pregnant
  • Worker's compensation, injury litigation, disability remuneration
  • Participation in another clinical investigation or course of care that may confound the outcome of this study
  • Smoker

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: AO-1000 Treatment
Oxygen-ozone treatment with the AO-1000 device
Device: AO-1000
Mixture of 2 weight% ozone in 98 weight% oxygen injected into the nucleus pulposus of a contained herniated disc.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Primary Effectiveness Endpoint: Change from Baseline ODI Score at 1 Month
Time Frame: 1 month post-treatment
Mean change from baseline ODI score, analyzed at 1 month. The endpoint will be deemed successful if the mean improvement is statistically shown (p<0.05) to be at least 15 points (the minimum detectable change of the ODI).
1 month post-treatment
Primary Safety Endpoint: Frequency of Serious Adverse Events Compared to Literature Control
Time Frame: 12 months post-treatment
The endpoint will be deemed successful if the number of serious device/procedure related adverse events are statistically shown (p<0.05) to be no greater than those in a literature control of other percutaneous disc decompression procedures.
12 months post-treatment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Functional improvement
Time Frame: 6 and 12 months post-treatment
Mean change from baseline ODI score, analyzed at 6 and 12 months. Each endpoint will be deemed successful if the mean improvement is statistically shown (p<0.05) to be at least 15 points (the minimum detectable change of the ODI).
6 and 12 months post-treatment
Leg and Back Pain Improvement
Time Frame: 1, 6, and 12 months post-treatment
Mean change from separate leg and back pain baseline Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, analyzed at 1, 6, and 12 months. Each endpoint (leg VAS and back VAS at each follow-up time) will be deemed successful if the mean improvement is statistically shown (p<0.05) to be at least 20 mm (the minimum clinically important difference of the VAS).
1, 6, and 12 months post-treatment
Procedural Success
Time Frame: Time of Treatment
Technical success, as assessed by successful injection of oxygen-ozone mixture confirmed via CT scan performed immediately following the treatment. A treatment will be considered a success if the CT scan shows gas within the target disc.
Time of Treatment
Analgesic Medication Use
Time Frame: 1, 6, and 12 months post-treatment
Change in prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) analgesic medication use, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from baseline, analyzed at 1, 6, and 12 months. Endpoint will be deemed successful if the number of patients using analgesic medication decreases from baseline.
1, 6, and 12 months post-treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

ActiveO Inc.

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

August 1, 2011

Primary Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 19, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 19, 2011

First Posted (Estimate)

April 20, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

July 15, 2016

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 13, 2016

Last Verified

July 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • CT2-IPP-001-AO

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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