Abnormal Movements, Cerebellum and Sensorimotor : Oculomotor Study (MOUVADOC)

Adaptation Sensorimotrice, Cervelet et Mouvements Anormaux: Projet d'étude Oculomotrice

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary, sustained, often repetitive muscle contractions of opposite muscles that lead to abnormal twisting movements or odd postures. Essential tremor is a slowly progressive neurologic disorder characterized by the appearance of a tremor during the voluntary movement. The pathophysiology of dystonia or essential tremor is not fully elucidated. Dystonia and essential tremor are associated with dysfunction of the sensorimotor basal ganglia-cortical network and involvement of the cerebellum and cerebellar pathways has also been recently suggested.

The investigators propose to study 30 patients having a primary dystonia (15 DYT11 genetically documented), 15 patients having an essential tremor without deep brain stimulation and 15 patients having an essential tremor with deep brain stimulation.A group of 30 healthy volunteers will be recruited and tested according to the same modalities. They will be paired in sex and age. 30 patients having a Parkinson disease will be also tested.

Eye position will be sampled with a video-based monocular eye tracker (SMI, Germany) before and immediately after an adaptation task. Saccade adaptation is evaluated as the percentage change in the mean saccade amplitude between pre-test and post-test.

Expected results:

• no or fewer alteration of the performance to the adaptation task in the Parkinson group than in the Essential Tremor group/ dystonia group.
• abnormal reactive saccade backward adaptation in the Dystonia group and Essential Tremor group, providing further neurophysiological evidence of cerebellar dysfunction.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy; Parkinson Disease; Dystonia
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Tracking eye movement; Device: Tracking eye movement under deep brain stimulation

Detailed Description

Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary, sustained, often repetitive muscle contractions of opposite muscles that lead to abnormal twisting movements or odd postures. Essential tremor is a slowly progressive neurologic disorder characterized by the appearance of a tremor during the voluntary movement. High frequency stimulation of the ventral intermedius nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus, relay for the cerebellar output, is successfully used for the treatment of severe essential tremor. It occasionally induces adverse event such as balance disorders or cerebellar symptoms. The pathophysiology of dystonia or essential tremor is not fully elucidated. Dystonia and essential tremor are associated with dysfunction of the sensorimotor basal ganglia-cortical network and involvement of the cerebellum and cerebellar pathways has also been recently suggested. It seems that dystonia and essential tremor could be the result of basal ganglia or cerebellar dysfunction, or from dysfunction of structures controlled at the same time by the cerebellum and the basal ganglia.

methodology: We propose to study 30 patients having a primary dystonia (15 DYT11 genetically documented), 15 patients having an essential tremor without deep brain stimulation and 15 patients having an essential tremor with deep brain stimulation.

A group of 30 healthy volunteers will be recruited and tested according to the same modalities. They will be paired in sex and age. 30 patients having a Parkinson disease will be also tested.

The subjects will be seated in darkness facing a screen located 60 cm before their eyes, their chin on a chin strap and their forehead placed against a frontal support. Eye position is sampled at 500 Hz with a video-based monocular eye tracker (SMI, Germany). Each recording session start with a calibration test in which the subjects looked at nine consecutive targets covering the entire visual field, as used during the oculomotor paradigms: four experimental conditions: a visually guided saccade task, a pre-test, a backward adaptation task, and a post-test. The pre-test and post-test (40 trials each) are performed before and immediately after the backward adaptation task, in the same conditions, except that the target was extinguished when the velocity threshold (150°/s for 10 ms) is reached, instead of jumping to a new location. This avoided any post-saccadic visual feedback that would counteract the adaptive mechanism. Saccade adaptation is evaluated as the percentage change in the mean saccade amplitude between the pre-test and post-test.

Expected results:

• no or fewer alteration of the performance to the adaptation task in the Parkinson group than in the Essential Tremor group/ dystonia group.
• abnormal reactive saccade backward adaptation in the Dystonia group and Essential Tremor group, providing further neurophysiological evidence of cerebellar dysfunction.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 14
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• France
  • Paris, France, 75013
    • : Fédération des Maladies du Système Nerveux

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion criteria:

• Age ≥18 years
• -normal cognitive functions (>24y)
• Normal clinical examination of ocular mobility, visualization of the target
• No drug potentially able to modify and to influence the data: anti-depressants, neuroleptics, anti-emetics, amphetamines, anti myoclonic/dystonic drugs, alcohol, dopaminergic drug, antiepileptic.
• Dystonia or essential tremor or Parkinson: diagnostic made by a neurologist
• For DYT11: mutation in SGCE gene.
• For dystonia: No secondary dystonia
• For Parkinson : UPDRS<28
• No other neurological disorder

For the patient having deep brain stimulation:

• Duration of stimulation> 6 months
• Cerebral imagery post operation made
• Stimulation parameter stable since 3 months at least.
• Usual stop of the stimulation during the night

Exclusion criteria:

• Uncontrollable medical problems not related to M-D
• Current active psychiatric disorder
• Intake during the last 3 days of drugs potentially able to modify and to influence the data: anti-depressants, neuroleptics, anti-emetics, amphetamines, anti myoclonic/dystonic drugs, alcohol, dopaminergic drug
• Subjects legally protected.
• Subjects who are not enrolled at social security.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Other: Healthy; Healthy volunteers	Device: Tracking eye movement; Device: studying Saccadic eye movements with a video eye tracker: The subjects are seated in darkness facing a screen located 60 cm before their eyes, their chin on a chin strap and their forehead placed against a frontal support. Eye position is sampled at 500 Hz with a video-based monocular eye tracker (SMI, Germany). Each recording session start with a calibration test in which the subjects looked at nine consecutive targets covering the entire visual field, as used during the oculomotor paradigms: four experimental conditions: a visually guided saccade task, a pre-test, a backward adaptation task, and a post-test. The pre-test and post-test (40 trials each) are performed before and immediately after the backward adaptation task, in the same conditions, except that the target was extinguished when the velocity threshold (150°/s for 10 ms) is reached, instead of jumping to a new location.
Experimental: Dystonia; patients with Primary Dystonia	Device: Tracking eye movement; Device: studying Saccadic eye movements with a video eye tracker: The subjects are seated in darkness facing a screen located 60 cm before their eyes, their chin on a chin strap and their forehead placed against a frontal support. Eye position is sampled at 500 Hz with a video-based monocular eye tracker (SMI, Germany). Each recording session start with a calibration test in which the subjects looked at nine consecutive targets covering the entire visual field, as used during the oculomotor paradigms: four experimental conditions: a visually guided saccade task, a pre-test, a backward adaptation task, and a post-test. The pre-test and post-test (40 trials each) are performed before and immediately after the backward adaptation task, in the same conditions, except that the target was extinguished when the velocity threshold (150°/s for 10 ms) is reached, instead of jumping to a new location.
Experimental: Parkinson; patients with Parkinson's disease	Device: Tracking eye movement; Device: studying Saccadic eye movements with a video eye tracker: The subjects are seated in darkness facing a screen located 60 cm before their eyes, their chin on a chin strap and their forehead placed against a frontal support. Eye position is sampled at 500 Hz with a video-based monocular eye tracker (SMI, Germany). Each recording session start with a calibration test in which the subjects looked at nine consecutive targets covering the entire visual field, as used during the oculomotor paradigms: four experimental conditions: a visually guided saccade task, a pre-test, a backward adaptation task, and a post-test. The pre-test and post-test (40 trials each) are performed before and immediately after the backward adaptation task, in the same conditions, except that the target was extinguished when the velocity threshold (150°/s for 10 ms) is reached, instead of jumping to a new location.
Experimental: Essential tremor; patients with essential tremor with or without deep brain stimulation	Device: Tracking eye movement; Device: studying Saccadic eye movements with a video eye tracker: The subjects are seated in darkness facing a screen located 60 cm before their eyes, their chin on a chin strap and their forehead placed against a frontal support. Eye position is sampled at 500 Hz with a video-based monocular eye tracker (SMI, Germany). Each recording session start with a calibration test in which the subjects looked at nine consecutive targets covering the entire visual field, as used during the oculomotor paradigms: four experimental conditions: a visually guided saccade task, a pre-test, a backward adaptation task, and a post-test. The pre-test and post-test (40 trials each) are performed before and immediately after the backward adaptation task, in the same conditions, except that the target was extinguished when the velocity threshold (150°/s for 10 ms) is reached, instead of jumping to a new location.; Device: Tracking eye movement under deep brain stimulation; Device: studying Saccadic eye movements with a video eye tracker. If the patient has deep brain stimulation, recording will be made in the morning, before the usual morning start of the deep brain stimulation.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Saccadic adaptation	Saccadic adaptation, evaluated as the percentage of changes in the mean saccade amplitude between the pre-test and post-test.	between the pre-test and post-test, maximum 4 hours
Characteristics of the saccade	latency, velocity, duration of the saccade	measured during the analysis of the recorded session, maximum 4 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France
• Investigators: Study Director: Emmanuel Flamand-Roze, MD, PhD, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, France

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: March 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 18, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 16, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): December 20, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): February 24, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 23, 2016
• Last Verified: February 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Dystonia; DYT 11; Cerebellar; ocular movements; sensorimotor integration
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Parkinsonian Disorders; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Movement Disorders; Synucleinopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Dyskinesias; Parkinson Disease; Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: C10-18; 2010-A00740-39 (Other Identifier: Afssaps)