Correlation of Bispectral Index Score and Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA)

A Prospective Study to Establish a Correlation Between Infusion Rate of Propofol and Bispectral Index (BIS) in Patients Receiving Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA)

General Anesthesia is usually produced by an intravenous agent and then maintained with a breathing agent till the surgery is completed. However, there is a recent trend to produce and maintain general anesthesia solely with an intravenous agent, such as propofol, in view of its advantages. This delivery method is called Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA). The depth of general anesthesia can be measured by an anesthetic depth monitoring device called Bispectral Index (BIS). The use of BIS to determine the depth of anesthesia has been well established whenever a breathing agent is used to maintain general anesthesia. However, the validity of using BIS with TIVA has not been adequately investigated. This study will compare the BIS values at different doses of TIVA in order to establish any correlation between the two. If such a correlation is established, BIS monitoring can safely be recommended to determine anesthetic depth under TIVA.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Benign/Malignant Neoplasm; Long Bone Fracture
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: propofol

Detailed Description

Pre-anesthetic Management: This research will be initiated after receiving an approval from the Institution Review Board, and an informed written consent will be obtained from each patient. Forty patients in the age range 18-65 years and presenting for elective orthopedic or gynecological procedures will be recruited. Both male and female patients will be considered. Only patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I, II and III will be included. Patients who are pregnant and those with uncontrolled hypertension with BP above 180/100, unstable angina, chronic obstructive lung disease requiring oxygen therapy at home, and end-stage liver and kidney diseases will be excluded. In addition, orthopedic surgery that needs the patient in prone position will not be eligible for this investigation. Patients who have a medication allergy to propofol and food allergy to egg and soy, since egg lecithin and soy milk are constituents of propofol preparation, will be excluded. In order to have a complete data collection, only surgical procedures scheduled to last more than three hours will be considered for this study.

Anesthetic Management: Routine anesthetic care, such as intravenous line placement and American Society of Anesthesiologists' standard monitoring, will be applied to all patients. In addition, a non-invasive Bispectral Index (BIS) sensor will be placed on patient's forehead and connected to its monitor. Midazolam (25mcg/kg) and fentanyl (1mcg/kg) will be administered to establish preanesthetic sedation and analgesia, respectively. Lidocaine 40mg will be given to attenuate propofol-induced injection pain. Thereafter, Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) will be induced with propofol (2mg/kg), and tracheal intubation facilitated with a neuromuscular blocking agent chosen by the attending anesthesiologist. The skeletal muscle relaxation will be maintained as needed for the surgical procedure. The TIVA will be maintained with propofol infusion, for approximately half-hour, at 160mcg/kg/min with minor adjustment, as needed, to maintain patient's vital signs within ± 20% of the baseline. Once a steady state is established, propofol infusion rate will be reduced to 140mcg/kg/min and maintained for approximately 15-30 min, following which the infusion rate will be increased to 180mcg/kg/min and maintained for the same period of time. Thereafter, the propofol infusion rate will be returned to 160mcg/kg/min. This exercise will be repeated at 120mcg/kg/min and 200mcg/kg/min if patient's vital signs permit. In addition, remifentanil at an infusion rate of 0.02 - 0.2mcg/kg/min will be administered to provide surgical analgesia during the general anesthetic period. The infusion rate of remifentanil will be tailored to the demands of the surgical stimulation. During the study period, the attending anesthesiologist will have the option to deviate from the study protocol and adjust the propofol infusion rate, as needed, to maintain patient's vital signs within ± 20% of the baseline if such a need arises. An independent observer will continuously monitor the BIS values at all time frames. Following the study period needed to collect the required data, the attending anesthesiologist will have the option to continue general anesthesia with either TIVA or with the traditional inhalational anesthetic. The reversal of the neuromuscular blockade and subsequent tracheal extubation, at the conclusion of surgery, will be performed using the customary criteria employed in anesthetic practice. In addition, the routine protocols used for surgical infection prevention and attenuation of postoperative pain and vomiting will be followed.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 31

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New Jersey
    • Newark, New Jersey, United States, 07101
      • University Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

male and female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18-65 undergoing orthopedic or gyn surgery
• ASA status I-III

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnant patients
• uncontrolled hypertension with B/P above 180/100
• unstable angina
• end stage liver or kidney disease
• Pts anticipated to be placed in prone position for surgery
• Documented allergy to propofol, eggs, soy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Cohort
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
BIS response to varying TIVA dosages	Correlation between various infusion rates of propofol administered during TIVA and BIS values during the first 3 hours of the operative procedure	3 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Steven Shulman, MD, Rutgers/NJMS

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 1, 2012
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): September 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 5, 2012
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 11, 2012
• First Posted (Estimate): June 13, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 14, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 10, 2017
• Last Verified: July 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Total intravenous anesthesia, Bispectral Index Score
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Wounds and Injuries; Neoplasms; Fractures, Bone; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Central Nervous System Depressants; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, General; Anesthetics; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Propofol
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2011001109

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No