Cognitive Phenotypes in Parkinson's Disease (CogPhenoPark)

Cognitive Phenotypes in Parkinson's Disease: Anatomical and Functional Correlates

• a data driven approach has identified different cognitive phenotypes in Parkinson's disease (PD)
• this heterogeneity possibly reflects the diversity of the neuronal damage caused by the disease
• we hypothesize that the different clinical presentations are associated to specific anatomical and functional correlates

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Parkinson Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: data

Detailed Description

Cognitive impairments are frequent in PD, even in non-demented patients. However, there is a substantial heterogeneity in the clinical presentation of cognitive deficits in PD 2 and also in their progression. This heterogeneity possibly reflects the diversity of the neuronal damage caused by the disease and recent studies suggest that these different clinical influence the risk of developing dementia.

Most studies on cognitive phenotypes in PD have used predefined categories, such as demented vs. non-demented, or PD-mild cognitive impairment vs. cognitively intact patients. However, such an approach may miss less obvious or unexpected presentations. To this end, in a first part of this study, we have used a data-driven approach (cluster analysis) to identify different cognitive phenotypes in PD. With such an approach where phenotypical profiles arise from the data without a priori assumptions, five cognitive presentations were identified: i°) cognitively intact patients (19.39%), ii°) patients with slight mental slowing and mild executive dysfunction (41.29%), iii°) patients with slightly impaired overall cognitive efficiency and deficits in all cognitive domains except recognition memory (12.93%), iv°) patients with severe mental slowing, impaired overall cognitive efficiency, and severe cognitive impairment in all domains, including memory (23.88%), and v°) patients with very severe impairment in all cognitive domains (2.51%). From these results, it could be hypothesized that cognitive deterioration in PD progresses along a continuum, with the exception of the fourth group that also exhibits memory deficits. This group may be characterized by a different underlying pathology, or comorbidity with Alzheimer's disease. The role of vascular factors has also to be considered.

The objectives of the current project are:

1. to validate the identified cognitive profiles prospectively in a new population using confirmatory cluster analysis.
2. to identify specific anatomical correlates for the identified cognitive profiles by magnetic resonance-imaging (MRI) scanning
3. to identify specific functional correlates of the identified cognitive profiles by high-density EEG (hd-EEG)

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 158

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Netherlands
  • Maastricht, Netherlands
    • Maastricht University Medical Centre

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients with Parkinson's disease, according to international criteria, irrespective of their disease stage or their current antiparkinsonian medication

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Males or females;
• 18 to 80 years;
• Parkinson's disease, according to international criteria;
• Without neurological co-morbidity;
• Benefiting from health insurance;
• Having read and understood the information form and having signed the consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
• Parkinsonian syndrome other than PD;
• Currently participating in an other clinical trial or study;
• Patient whose physical or mental condition is incompatible with the study assessments;
• Person under tutorship or curatorship;
• Subjects with claustrophobia
• Subjects carrying incompatible metallic devices such as pacemakers and certain mechanical valves
• PD patients treated by deep brain stimulation

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Parkinson's disease; Patients with Parkinson's disease according to international criteria	Behavioral: data; comparisons of clinical characteristics; comparisons of cognitive profiles; comparisons of grey matter density patterns; comparisons of EEG rhythms features

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Frequency (%) of the cognitive profile	Frequency of the different observed cognitive profile, as coming from the cluster analysis	2 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Grey matter density (voxels)	Grey matter density as measured by voxel-based morphometry	2 years

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
EEG power (microvolts2)	EEG power in the different frequency bands	2 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University Hospital, Lille
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Kathy Dujardin, PhD, University Hospital, Lille

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Carey G, Lopes R, Viard R, Betrouni N, Kuchcinski G, Devignes Q, Defebvre L, Leentjens AFG, Dujardin K. Anxiety in Parkinson's disease is associated with changes in the brain fear circuit. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2020 Nov;80:89-97. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.09.020. Epub 2020 Sep 19.
• Dujardin K, Moonen AJ, Behal H, Defebvre L, Duhamel A, Duits AA, Plomhause L, Tard C, Leentjens AF. Cognitive disorders in Parkinson's disease: Confirmation of a spectrum of severity. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2015 Nov;21(11):1299-305. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.08.032. Epub 2015 Aug 29.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: January 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 13, 2013
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 14, 2013
• First Posted (Estimated): February 15, 2013

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 14, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 11, 2026
• Last Verified: February 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Synucleinopathies; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Movement Disorders; Parkinsonian Disorders; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Parkinson Disease
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2012_26; 2012-A01317-36. (Other Identifier: ID-RCB number, ANSM)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No