Anatomical and Functional Differences Between Continent and Incontinent Men Post Radical Prostatectomy

One out of every six men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer and post prostatectomy up to 75% report urinary incontinence. There are many hypotheses about the exact cause of post prostatectomy stress incontinence (PPI). Existing studies have focused on surgical or cadaveric dissections to define structures responsible for PPI. Contemporary 3T MRI now allows three dimensional, sub-millimeter resolution of the human pelvis and clearly demonstrates pelvic anatomy without the distortion of dissection. It is our overarching hypothesis that PPI is multifactorial and occurs because of a combination of specific anatomical and functional impairments. We propose conducting a case control study with matching for age and race to compare the MRI anatomy and urinary tract function on urodynamics between 20 men with PPI (cases) and 20 men who are continent post prostatectomy (controls) who are all a minimum of 12 months post surgery. We will use static and dynamic MRI at 3 Tesla to make objective measurements of the bladder neck, external urethral sphincter, pelvic floor, urethral anastomotic fibrosis, and urethral hypermobility- all believed to play a large part in continence. Multi-channel urodynamic studies will also be performed to assess the leak point and maximum urethral closure pressure. All cases and controls will complete standardized questionnaires - the AUA symptom index and the Incontinence Severity Index as a quality of life measure. This study is needed to provide critical information about causes of male PPI, a quality of life altering voiding dysfunction, and will assist with the advancement of pharmacological and surgical treatment of this disease.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Prostate Cancer; Post Prostatectomy Incontinence

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 24

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Michigan
    • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
      • University of Michigan
    • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48105
      • VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 21 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

primary care clinic

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Only men will be included since this is a study of post prostatectomy incontinence. Cases will be comprised of men who are post radical retropubic or laparoscopic (robotic) prostatectomy who have stress urinary incontinence based on history and a minimum of 50 grams of urine loss on 24 hour pad weights. Controls will be comprised of men who are post radical retropubic or laparoscopic (robotic) prostatectomy who do not have any kind or amount of incontinence based on history. Cases and controls will be matched for both age and race these have been shown to alter anatomical appearance of structures and lower urinary tract function.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Criteria for both groups include urge incontinence, urinary retention, neurologic disease, insulin dependent diabetes, high dose steroid use, pre-surgical abnormal voiding function or incontinence, prior pelvic radiation or urologic surgery, any prior incontinence surgery, current medical therapy for incontinence or a perineal route of radical prostatectomy since this had been shown to give a distinctly different appearance on MRI compared to the laparoscopic or retropubic approach. Any patient with pelvic or systemic recurrence of their prostate cancer will also be excluded. Any man with relative or absolute contraindications to MRI such as implants or claustrophobia will be excluded.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Continent Men
Incontinent Men

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Thickness and length of both the smooth muscle and striated muscle external urethral sphincter	Structural assessment	2 years
Posterior urethral length from the bladder neck to the perineal membrane.	Structural assessment	2 years
Levator ani thickness	Structural assessment	3 years
Thickness and length of anastomotic fibrosis in both sagittal and axial planes	Structural assessment	3 years
Maximal urethral closure pressure	Functional assessment	3 years
Increase in urethral pressure during maximal muscle contraction	Functional assessment	3 years
Urethral hypermobility on MRI	Functional assessment	3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Michigan

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: May 1, 2010
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 10, 2013
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 11, 2013
• First Posted (Estimate): April 16, 2013

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): April 21, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 20, 2016
• Last Verified: April 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatic Neoplasms
• Other Study ID Numbers: HUM00035833