Natalizumab as an Efficacy Switch in Participants With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis After Failure on Other Therapies (ESCALATE)

A Phase 4 Multicenter, Open-Label, Single Arm Study to Evaluate Switching From BRACET/Gilenya® to Natalizumab in Subjects With Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

The primary objective of the study is to determine the efficacy of natalizumab (Tysabri, BG00002) in participants with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) who have failed Gilenya or BRACET (Betaseron, Rebif, Avonex, Copaxone, Extavia, Tecfidera) as measured by the proportion of participants with no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) at Year 1. The secondary objectives in this study population are: change in total T1 hypointense and total T2 hyperintense lesion volume; proportion of participants with NEDA at Year 2; evaluation of the impact of natalizumab on annualized relapse rate (ARR); and change in Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale-29 (MSIS-29) physical impact score.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: natalizumab

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 47
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Fullerton, California, United States, 92835
      • Research Site
  • Colorado
    • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
      • Research Site
  • Iowa
    • Des Moines, Iowa, United States, 50314
      • Research Site
  • Missouri
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
      • Research Site
  • New York
    • Plainview, New York, United States, 11803
      • Research Site
  • North Carolina
    • Raleigh, North Carolina, United States, 27607-6010
      • Research Site
  • Ohio
    • Akron, Ohio, United States, 44320
      • Research Site
    • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44195
      • Research Site
  • Tennessee
    • Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, 37922
      • Research Site
  • Texas
    • Round Rock, Texas, United States, 78681
      • Research Site
  • Washington
    • Tacoma, Washington, United States, 98405
      • Research Site

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 60 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Key Inclusion Criteria:

• Subjects of childbearing potential must practice effective contraception from Day -1 and be willing and able to continue contraception for duration of the study.
• Must have documented diagnosis of relapsing MS (McDonald 2010 Criteria [Polman 2011]) at Screening.
• Must have been treated with Gilenya or Betaseron, Rebif, Avonex, Copaxone, Extavia, Tecfidera (BRACET) for at least the 12 months prior to Screening with no interruption of treatment greater than 1 month. Prior treatment with natalizumab is allowed; however, there must be a minimum 1 year since last natalizumab infusion and the Screening visit of this study, and if discontinuation of natalizumab in the past was not due to intolerance, anti-natalizumab antibodies, or efficacy loss.
• Must have had disease activity in the 6 months prior to Screening while on Gilenya or BRACET (as defined by at least 1 gadolinium enhancing lesion OR at least 2 new T2 lesions compared with magnetic resonance imaging done within 12 months of screening OR clinical relapse, or Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] progression of 1 point)
• Must have an EDSS score from 0 to 5.5 inclusive at Screening.
• Must have lymphocyte count that is documented as at or above the lower limit of normal (LLN) by the day before the first Tysabri infusion. If lymphocytes have not returned to LLN or above the day before the first Tysabri infusion (day 0), the subject has screen failed. The subject who screen fails is eligible to undergo Rescreening once; if additional Rescreening is considered, please contact the study medical monitor.

Key Exclusion Criteria:

• History or positive test result at Screening for human immunodeficiency virus.
• History or positive test result at Screening for hepatitis C virus antibody or current hepatitis B infection (defined as positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and/or hepatitis core antibody).
• Prior treatment with natalizumab (either commercially or through a clinical study) within 1 year of Day -1.
• Contraindications to treatment with natalizumab as described in the Prescribing Information for each of the participating countries.
• Known allergy to natalizumab or any of its ingredients, or known to be anti-natalizumab antibody positive.
• Diagnosis of primary progressive MS, secondary progressive MS, and/or progressive-relapsing MS.
• An MS relapse that has occurred within the 30 days prior to Day -1 and/or the subject has not stabilized from a previous relapse prior to Day -1.
• Known active malignancies (subjects with cutaneous basal cell carcinoma that has been completely excised prior to study entry remain eligible).
• History of severe opportunistic infections (including progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) or any clinically significant cardiac, endocrinologic, hematologic, hepatic, immunologic, metabolic, urologic, pulmonary, neurologic, dermatologic, psychiatric, and renal, or other major disease, as determined by the Investigator
• Clinically severe active infection within 1 month prior to Screening.
• Females breastfeeding, pregnant, or planning to become pregnant; women who are not post-menopausal or surgically sterile who are unwilling to practice contraception; women who have a positive pregnancy test result at Day -1.
• Prior history of immunosuppressant use (e.g., mitoxantrone, azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate, cladribine, rituximab) in the last 12 months prior to Screening. Prior history of alemtuzumab use at any point in the past.

NOTE: Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: natalizumab; natalizumab 300 mg intravenously (IV) every 4 weeks	Drug: natalizumab; Administered as specified in the treatment arm; Other Names: Tysabri; BG00002

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Proportion of Participants With No Evidence of Disease Activity (NEDA) From Reset Baseline (Week 8) to Week 56	The proportion of participants with NEDA, defined as follows: no Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression (12-week sustained); no relapses; no gadolinium enhancing (Gd+) lesions; no new or enlarging T2 hyperintense lesions over 48 weeks after resetting the Baseline at Week 8 to remove contribution of combined unique active (CUA) lesions that occurred prior to Week 8, when natalizumab was not yet active. The EDSS quantifies disability in 8 functional systems. The final EDSS score is an ordinal clinical rating scale ranging from 0 (normal neurologic examination) to 10 (death due to MS) in half-point increments.	Reset Baseline (Week 8) to Week 56

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in T1 Unenhancing Lesion Volume and T2 Lesion Volume From Baseline (Day -1) to Reset Baseline (Week 8)	As measured by magnetic resonance imaging.	Baseline (Day -1) to Reset Baseline (Week 8)
Proportion of Participants With NEDA From Week 8 (Reset Baseline) to Week 104	Proportion of participants with NEDA from Week 8 (Reset Baseline) to Week 104 (with no 12-week confirmed EDSS progression determined at Week 116). NEDA was defined as follows: no EDSS progression (12-week sustained); no relapses; no Gd+ lesions; no new or enlarging T2 hyperintense lesions over 48 weeks after resetting the Baseline at Week 8 to remove contribution of CUA lesions that occurred prior to Week 8, when natalizumab was not yet active. The EDSS quantifies disability in 8 functional systems. The final EDSS score is an ordinal clinical rating scale ranging from 0 (normal neurologic examination) to 10 (death due to MS) in half-point increments.	from Week 8 (Reset Baseline) to Week 104
Pre- and Post-Natalizumab Infusion Annualized Relapse Rate (ARR) Comparison at Month 12	An MS relapse was defined as the onset of new or recurrent neurological symptoms lasting at least 24 hours, accompanied by new objective abnormalities on a neurological examination, and not explained solely by non-MS processes such as fever, infection, severe stress, or drug toxicity. 95% confidence interval is based on a Poisson regression model.	From 12 months prior to natalizumab infusion and 12 months post-natalizumab infusion
Change in MSIS-29 Physical Impact Scores From Baseline (Day -1) to Reset Baseline (Week 8)	The MSIS-29 is a brief self-administered MS-specific instrument measuring physical (20 items) and mental/psychological (9 items) impact of MS. The physical score is generated by summing individual items and then transforming to a scale with a range of 0 to 100, where high scores indicate worse health.	Baseline (Day -1) to Reset Baseline (Week 8)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Biogen

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 30, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 2, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): May 2, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 12, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 12, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): September 16, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 5, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 24, 2017
• Last Verified: April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Nervous System Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS; Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System; Demyelinating Diseases; Autoimmune Diseases; Multiple Sclerosis; Sclerosis; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Immunologic Factors; Natalizumab
• Other Study ID Numbers: 101MS409; 2013-005586-39 (EudraCT Number)