Noninvasive Markers of Gluten Ingestion in Celiac Disease Patients

July 17, 2019 updated by: Jeff GI, Thomas Jefferson University

Noninvasive Markers of Gluten Ingestion in Celiac Disease Patients: Prospective, Randomized,Placebo Controlled, Double Blind Clinical Trial

This is a clinical trial to evaluate the sensitivity of noninvasive, novel markers of gluten ingestion in celiac disease patients who are following gluten free diet for at least a period of one year. These noninvasive markers may be helpful to monitor the silent intestinal damage, possibly resulting from the accidental consumption of gluten due to cross contamination of gluten free diet.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The gold-standard for monitoring of dietary adherence is consultation with an expert dietitian, but this may be time-consuming for patients and local expertise may not be available. Intestinal biopsy is the only direct method to document mucosal healing and can be considered in all adults with celiac disease. Non-invasive assessment of compliance with a gluten free diet(GFD) can be achieved with monitoring of IgA antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG) or deamidated gliadin peptides, as these markers improve with gluten elimination. However, intestinal mucosal damage is present in a significant number of patients who report compliance with a gluten free diet and have normalized serology, potentially due to dietary lapses or unrecognized contamination with gluten. Furthermore, serologic testing may be normal in patients with partial adherence. Patient reported surveys show promise for assessing gluten free diet adherence, but further studies are needed.

Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), a small (15 kD) cytosolic protein found exclusively in the small bowel enterocytes, has been studied as a marker of intestinal epithelial damage in septic shock and mesenteric ischemia. More recently, elevated levels of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein( I-FABP) have been described as a marker of intestinal injury in both adults and children with celiac disease. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein, (I-FABP) levels have been shown to significantly correlate with the degree of villous atrophy and IgA antibody to tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG), as well as decrease upon treatment with a gluten free diet(GFD). Incomplete normalization of intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP) on a gluten free diet points to ongoing intestinal injury, even in the absence of circulating antibodies, thus suggesting its potential as a non-invasive marker for gluten free diet adherence and intestinal damage in celiac disease.

The measurement of gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) in stool is a novel method to monitor gluten free diet compliance. Recently, a technique to detect gliadin 33-mer equivalent peptide epitopes (33EPs) in the stool of pediatric patients has been described. These peptides show significant resistance to digestion and were detected in healthy individuals after normal gluten-containing diet ingestion. Importantly, these peptides are not detected in patients on a gluten free diet, and there appears to be a correlation between the amount of gluten intake and the peptide levels. A similar test has been developed for gluten intestinal peptide(GIP) detection in urine, although there are currently no peer-reviewed studies examining this technique. Further research on the utility of stool and urine gluten intestinal peptide (GIP)for monitoring of gluten free diet (GFD) adherence is warranted.

Given the lack of a non-invasive and accurate measure of gluten intake in celiac disease (CD), the investigators will investigate the effect of gluten intake in celiac disease (CD) patients using a variety of markers. Patients who are symptom-free on a gluten free diet (GFD) will be exposed to various amounts of gluten. Factors that will be studied include the effect on patient estimated gluten intake, Celiac disease symptoms, IgA-tTG level,intestinal fatty acid binding protein( I-FABP) level, and both stool and urine gluten peptide levels.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

5

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19107
        • Thomas Jefferson University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • This study population will consist of patients with a prior diagnosis of celiac disease based on intestinal biopsy (Marsh score of 1-4) who report control of symptoms with adherence to gluten free diet(GFD) for at least one year and have a baseline IgA antibody to tissue transglutaminase(IgA-tTG) within the normal range.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients < 18 years of age
  • Patients with refractory celiac disease (RFD), defined as persisting or recurring symptoms and mucosal villous atrophy, despite strict adherence to a gluten free diet (GFD) for >12 months and a negative IgA antibody to tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG)
  • Patients with enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma
  • Patients with IgA deficiency
  • Patients with a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel symptoms, or acute gastroenteritis
  • Patients taking immunosuppressive medications
  • Patients who are pregnant
  • Patients who are breast feeding/lactating

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: Quadruple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Placebo controlled group
This is a group of same number of subjects as in other arms, who will be given equivalent dose of placebo- cornstarch capsules i.e 5 capsules containing neutral substance- cornstarch(placebo) to be taken daily by mouth for a period of 12 weeks.
Other: Administration of gluten( food /wheat protein) capsules or placebo(cornstarch) capsules and tests for novel markers will be done at intervals.
After administering the capsules for 16 weeks during study periods, patients's blood will be tested for novel markers- Intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP), stool for gluten intestinal peptide (GIP), urine for gluten intestinal peptide(GIP), patient estimated gluten intake(PEGI), celiac severity index(CSI), Celiac dietary adherence test(CDAT) by standard questionnaire provided during the visits. These tests will be done over a period of 16 weeks and at a follow up 3 months later.
Experimental: High dose gluten capsules
This group of subjects will be given high dose i.e 2.5 g of gluten containing capsules, 5 capsules to be taken daily by mouth, for a period of 12 weeks.
Other: Administration of gluten( food /wheat protein) capsules or placebo(cornstarch) capsules and tests for novel markers will be done at intervals.
After administering the capsules for 16 weeks during study periods, patients's blood will be tested for novel markers- Intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP), stool for gluten intestinal peptide (GIP), urine for gluten intestinal peptide(GIP), patient estimated gluten intake(PEGI), celiac severity index(CSI), Celiac dietary adherence test(CDAT) by standard questionnaire provided during the visits. These tests will be done over a period of 16 weeks and at a follow up 3 months later.
Experimental: Low dose gluten capsules
This group of subjects will be given low dose i.e 0.5 g of gluten containing capsules, 5 capsules to be taken daily by mouth, for a period of 12 weeks.
Other: Administration of gluten( food /wheat protein) capsules or placebo(cornstarch) capsules and tests for novel markers will be done at intervals.
After administering the capsules for 16 weeks during study periods, patients's blood will be tested for novel markers- Intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP), stool for gluten intestinal peptide (GIP), urine for gluten intestinal peptide(GIP), patient estimated gluten intake(PEGI), celiac severity index(CSI), Celiac dietary adherence test(CDAT) by standard questionnaire provided during the visits. These tests will be done over a period of 16 weeks and at a follow up 3 months later.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
1) Change in the patient estimated gluten intake after administration of study pills using the Celiac Dietary Adherence Test (CDAT), to be assessed at the end of follow up week 12
Time Frame: up to follow up week 12
up to follow up week 12
Change in the Celiac disease symptoms, using the Celiac Symptom Index (CSI) after administration of study pills; to be assessed at the end of follow up week 12
Time Frame: up to follow up week 12
questionnaire
up to follow up week 12
Change in IgA antibody to tissue transglutaminase (IgA-TTG) levels after administration of study pills, to be assessed at the end of follow up week 12.
Time Frame: up to follow up week 12
lab
up to follow up week 12
Change in Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) levels after administration of study pills, to be assessed at the end of follow up week 12.
Time Frame: up to follow up week 12
lab
up to follow up week 12
Change in stool gluten intestinal peptide (GIP) level after administration of study pills, to be assessed at the end of follow up week 12
Time Frame: up to follow up week 12
lab
up to follow up week 12
Change in urine gluten intestinal peptide (GIP) level after administration of study pills,to be assessed at the end of follow up week 12
Time Frame: up to follow up week 12
lab
up to follow up week 12
Change in patient estimated gluten intake(PEGI) after administration of study pills, using separate questionnaire, to be assessed at the end of follow up week 12
Time Frame: up to follow up week 12
questionnaire
up to follow up week 12

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Thomas Jefferson University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Anthony J. DiMarino, MD, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 11, 2015

Primary Completion (Actual)

February 11, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

February 11, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 12, 2015

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 9, 2015

First Posted (Estimate)

March 17, 2015

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 19, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 17, 2019

Last Verified

July 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 14D.389

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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