A Dose-Escalation Study to Determine the Maximum Tolerated Dose of Arbaclofen Placarbil in Subjects With Alcohol Use Disorder

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study to Determine the Maximum Tolerated Dose of Arbaclofen Placarbil in Subjects With Alcohol Use Disorder

This study will determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of arbaclofen placarbil (AP) in the treatment of subjects with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). For every two subjects receiving AP, one subject will receive placebo.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Alcohol Use Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Arbaclofen Placarbil; Drug: Placebo

Detailed Description

This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-escalation study to determine the MTD of AP in subjects with AUD. Eighteen (18) subjects will be randomized to receive either AP or placebo in a 2:1 ratio; ie, 12 subjects will be assigned to AP and 6 will be assigned to placebo. Efforts will be made to enroll all subjects in the same period of time at one clinical center. The expected maximum duration of participation for each subject is 11 weeks and will consist of up to a 3-week screening period, up to a 30-day residential (inpatient) treatment period, up to a 4-week non-residential (outpatient) treatment period, and an end of study / early termination clinic visit.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 18
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Florida
    • Oakland Park, Florida, United States, 33334
      • Research Centers of America

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. 18 to 65 years of age.
2. Diagnosis of AUD confirmed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview.
3. For those requiring medical detoxification from alcohol, subjects will be required to have completed a program for detoxification from alcohol within 4 days prior to screening.
4. Provide written informed consent prior to any study-specific procedures.
5. Self-report of at least 2 heavy drinking days per week in each of the 4 weeks prior to the screening interview.
6. Willing to abstain from drinking for the time he/she is participating in the study.
7. Able to identify at least 1 "locator" person to assist study staff in tracking the subject for the non-residential clinic days.
8. Able to read, speak, and understand English and be willing to cooperate with study procedures.
9. For female subjects, women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test prior to enrollment and must agree to use a medically acceptable means of contraception from screening through at least 3 months after the last dose of IMP. Male subjects with female partners of childbearing potential must agree to use medically acceptable contraception from informed consent through at least 3 months after the last dose of IMP. Male subjects must also agree not to donate sperm during the study and for 3 months after receiving the last dose of IMP (Investigational Medicinal Product).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Has present symptoms or history of any of the following disorders:

   • Schizophrenia
   • Schizoaffective Disorder
   • Delusional Disorder
   • Bipolar I Disorder
   • Any mood disorder with psychotic features or any psychotic disorder
   • Anorexia Nervosa
   • Bulimia Nervosa
   • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder that could interfere with the study
   • Any Personality Disorder that could interfere with the study
2. Current diagnosis of any substance use disorder, except for nicotine, cannabis (mild or moderate), or alcohol.
3. Positive result for any prohibited medication.
4. History of suicidal ideation within 30 days prior to providing written informed consent.
5. History of seizures or delirium tremens.
6. Intention to initiate or continue additional formal alcohol-related treatment, including pharmacotherapy, during the active treatment period.
7. Have had inpatient treatment for a non-alcohol substance use disorder in the 12 weeks prior to informed consent.
8. Total bilirubin >1.5× the upper limit of normal (ULN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3×ULN, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >3×ULN, serum creatinine >2×ULN, international normalized ratio (INR) >1.5×ULN, lipase >3×ULN, amylase >3×ULN, or any abnormal pancreatic enzyme value above ULN that is associated with clinically significant active pancreatic disorder.
9. Creatinine clearance of <80 mL/min, as calculated according to the Cockcroft-Gault equation.
10. Hemoglobin at screening of <11.5 g/dL (for females) or <12.5 g/dL (for males).
11. Body mass index (BMI) >30.

12. Diagnosed with unstable medical disorders that could increase the potential risk of study treatment or interfere with study participation, including the following:

    1. Abnormal cardiac conditions, including:

       • Uncontrolled hypertension.
       • History of myocardial infarction in the last year or any prior history of myocardial infarction with active complication.
       • Syncopal event within the past year.
       • Congestive heart failure.
       • Angina pectoris.
       • QTcF (QT Fridericia-corrected) ≥450 msec for males and ≥470 msec for females at screening or randomization.
       • Clinically significant abnormal finding on the physical exam or 12-lead ECG.

    2. Diabetes mellitus (type 1 or 2) fulfilling any of the following criteria:

       • Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >7.5% at screening.
       • Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.
13. Have any other clinically significant abnormal laboratory result
14. Must not have donated blood or have had any therapeutic phlebotomy (in an amount >300 mL) or received blood transfusion within 90 days preceding enrollment.
15. Must not have a history of surgical procedures involving the brain or meninges, encephalitis, meningitis, degenerative central nervous system disorder (eg, Alzheimer's or Parkinson's Disease), epilepsy, mental retardation, or any other disease/procedure/accident/intervention associated with significant injury to or malfunction of the central nervous system (CNS), or a history of significant head trauma within the past 2 years, or currently receiving anticonvulsant therapy for any reason.
16. Must not have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
17. Have any other active medical condition or organ disease that may either compromise subject safety or interfere with the safety and/or outcome evaluation of the IMP.
18. History or presence of allergic or adverse response (including rash or anaphylaxis) to baclofen or any ingredient of the IMP.
19. Have used baclofen within 30 days prior to informed consent.
20. Taking medications which may be expected to significantly interfere with the metabolism or excretion of AP, may be associated with a significant drug interaction with AP, or may pose a significant risk to the subject's participation in the study.
21. Participation in an interventional clinical study within 30 days prior to informed consent.
22. Use of exclusionary drugs (e.g. antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines, naltrexone, acamprosate).
23. Site staff or subjects affiliated with, or a family member of, site staff directly involved in the study.
24. Be unable to comply fully with the study requirements.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arbaclofen Placarbil (AP); Orally administered Arbaclofen Placarbil (AP) sustained release (SR) tablets	Drug: Arbaclofen Placarbil; Arbaclofen Placarbil
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; Subjects remain on placebo for entire study	Drug: Placebo; Placebo matched tablets; Other Names: Sugar Pill

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Maximum Tolerated Dose (MTD) of Arbaclofen Placarbil	A data monitoring committee (DMC) will review and make a recommendation to stop dosing escalation based on the review of the unblinded AE and safety assessments or when at least one subject on active investigational product experiences an SAE related to the investigational product. The MTD and the dosage that will not be exceeded in the further development of this compound will be based upon a comprehensive review of the safety data.	Up to 30 day residential (inpatient) treatment period
Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration of Arbaclofen Placarbil (AP) (Cmax)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours post-dose (predose day 2); and prior to dose of AP on days 6, 12, 18, and 24 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 hours post dose
Time to Maximum Observed Plasma Concentration of Arbaclofen Placarbil (AP) (Tmax)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours post-dose (predose day 2); and prior to dose of AP on days 6, 12, 18, and 24 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 hours post dose
Area Under the Concentration -Time Curve from time 0 to the time of the last quantifiable plasma concentration (AUClast)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post dose
Area Under the Concentration -Time Curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinite time (AUCinf)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post dose
Area Under the Concentration -Time Curve from time 0 to 12 hours post dose(AUC0-12)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post dose
Apparent Terminal Plasma Half-Life (t 1/2)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post
Apparent Terminal Phase Rate Constant	Apparent terminal rate constant (1/h), determined by linear regression of the terminal points of the log-linear concentration-time curve. Visual assessment will be used to identify the terminal linear phase of the concentration-time profile. A minimum of 3 data points will be used for determination.	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post dose
Percentage of AUCinf obtained by extrapolation (%AUCex)	If the extrapolated area is greater than 20% of AUCinf, then AUCinf will be listed but not included in summary presentations or statistical analyses	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post dose
Apparent Oral Clearance (CL/F)	Calculated as Dose/AUCinf	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post dose
Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vz/F)	Calculated as Dose/apparent terminal phase rate constant * AUCinf	Prior to the initial dose of AP on day 1 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,10, 12, 16, 20 hours post dose
Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve From Time Zero To The End of Dosing Interval (AUCtau)	Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve From Time 0 to the End of the Dosing Interval	Prior to dose of AP on days 6, 12, 18, and 24 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 hours post dose
Minimum Observed Plasma Concentration (Cmin)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to dose of AP on days 6, 12, 18, and 24 and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 hours post dose
Pre-Dose Plasma Concentration (Ctrough)	Blood samples will be obtained and plasma concentrations determined using a validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry methods	Prior to dose of AP on days 6, 12, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 hours post dose

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The Number of Participants Who Experienced Serious or Non-Serious Adverse Events	A non-serious adverse event is any untoward medical occurrence. A serious adverse event is any adverse event that meets one or more of the following: results in death; is life-threatening; requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity; is a congenital anomaly/birth defect; is a medically important event, as defined in the protocol	Up to 11 weeks
Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)	All events of suicide-related behavior will be carefully monitored. These include emergence or significant worsening of reported suicidal ideation, plans, suicide attempts, and completed suicides. The C-SSRS will be used by the Investigator in the assessment of suicide risk.	Up to 11 weeks
The Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS)	All continuous outcome measures including time to event endpoints collected will be summarized using descriptive statistics (n, mean, standard deviation (SD), median, min, and max). Categorial variables will be summarized using frequencies.	Up to 11 weeks
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)	The HADS is a 14-item scale that generates original data. Seven f the items relate to anxiety and 7 relate to depressive symptoms. Zigmond and Snaith created this outcome measure specifically to avoid reliance on aspects of these conditions that are also common somatic symptoms of illness; eg, fatigue, insomnia, or hypersomnia	Up to 11 weeks
Alcohol Liver Biomarkers (Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin and Gamma Glutamyl Transferase	Blood samples will be collected and sent to the central laboratory.	Up to 11 weeks
Timeline Follow Back (TLFB) Interview for Cigarette and Alcohol Use	The TLFB interview is a method to assess recent alcohol use and will be administered by an interviewer to estimate retrospectively their alcohol use (frequency and number of drinks consumed)	Up to 11 weeks
Short Inventory of Problems-Revised (SIP-R)	The SIP-R is a 17 item self-reported inventory of adverse consequences associated with drug and alcohol use developed by Blanchard (2003). The SIP instructs participants to indicate how often each of the listed consequences has occurred during the past month on a 4-point scale (0-3). Item responses are summed to produce a total score and 5 subscale scores	Up to 11 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Indivior Inc.
• Investigators: Study Director: Global Clinical Development Manager, Indivior Inc.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 1, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): January 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 24, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 27, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): July 30, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): January 23, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 19, 2017
• Last Verified: January 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Alcohol Dependence; Alcoholism; Alcohol Abuse; Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcohol Addiction; Alcohol Induced Disorders
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Chemically-Induced Disorders; Pathologic Processes; Drinking Behavior; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Substance-Related Disorders; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Disease; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Neurotransmitter Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; GABA Agents; Neuromuscular Agents; Muscle Relaxants, Central; GABA Agonists; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; Arbaclofen placarbil
• Other Study ID Numbers: RB-US-14-0001

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No