EVRIOS : Comparative Evaluation of Low Versus High Doses of Rifampicin (EVRIOS)

EVRIOS : Comparative Evaluation of Low Versus High Doses of Rifampicin in the Treatment of Staphylococcal Bone and Joint Infections

Rifampicin is an antibiotic usually required to treat susceptible Staphylococcus spp. osteo-articular infections, most frequently in association with a fluoroquinolone when the strain is susceptible to both agents. It is the reference treatment for orthopedic infections with implanted material.

For tuberculosis treatment the dosage of 10 mg/kg/j is usually prescribed, while in the treatment of Staphylococcus spp. infections the highest dosage of 20 mg/kg/j is proposed by French experts' recommendations from 2009.

However, there is little evidence in the literature, which could set out arguments to choose the best dosage of rifampicin, which may vary from 5 to 20 mg/kg.

The issue with rifampicin is side effects, in particular with long-term treatment. Many side effects may occur in 10 to 20% of patients and sometimes leads to dosage reduction or treatment interruption.

In the literature, there is little evidence that higher rifampicin dosage is associated with higher frequency of adverse effects. Depending on the nature of the toxicity, one could say that hypersensitivity could be independent from dosage, when digestive disorders may be related. Plasmatic concentrations studies have not given strong arguments to link higher rifampicin dosages with side effects occurrence rates. After oral absorption, plasmatic peak occurs after two to five hours and varies among individuals but also in the same patient overtime. This particular pharmacokinetic profile could explain discrepancy in adverse events (AEs) frequencies.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Osteoarticular Infection
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Rifampicin

Detailed Description

Primary objective :

To demonstrate that a daily weight-based low dose of rifampicin is non-inferior to a high dose in the treatment of susceptible Staphylococcus spp. osteo-articular infections.

Secondary objectives :

To compare, in the two treatment groups (weight-based low dose rifampicin versus weight-based high dose):

• Possible failure rates (when no bacteriological samples are available or when clinical manifestations are not straightforward),

• AEs distribution:

  • Those self-patient reported,
  • Those medical or biological reported,

• - Rifampicin dose modifications:

  • Dosage decrease,
  • Treatment interruption (temporary or definitive),
• Failure risk factors analysis,
• Health costs related to the osteo-articular infection care: number and length of hospitalizations, number of follow-up visits, nature and number of all biological samples prescribed in both groups.
• Comparison of the planned rifampicin exposure in each randomization group
• Differences in rifampicin duration (planned versus effective duration) according to allocated group,
• Rifampicin pharmacokinetics sub-study in a small sample of 60 patients,
• Rifampicin resistance bacteriological study in patients with proven failure.

Methodology :

Non-inferiority prospective, multicentre, randomized, open-label, controlled phase IV trial evaluating two different rifampicin dosages (high versus low dose) in the treatment of staphylococcal bone and joint infections.

Treatment :

Patients will be randomly assigned to low dosage (10 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group or high dosage (20 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group. Rifampicin treatment will be prescribed in association with another antibiotic chosen by investigator according to the antibiogram results. Association with fluoroquinolones is the first choice combination, if it is possible. The global antibiotic treatment duration depends on the investigator's choice.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 544
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• France
  • Angers, France, 49933
    • Angers University Hospital
  • Bordeaux, France, 33076
    • Bordeaux University Hospital
  • Brest, France, 29609
    • Brest University Hospital
  • Caen, France, 14033
    • Caen University Hospital
  • La Roche sur Yon, France, 85925
    • La Roche Sur Yon Hospital
  • Lorient, France, 56322
    • Lorient Hospital
  • Lyon, France, 69100
    • Clinique du Parc et Hôpital Jean Mermoz
  • Nantes, France, 44093
    • Nantes University Hospital
  • Pau, France, 64046
    • Pau Hospital
  • Poitiers, France, 86000
    • Poitiers University Hospital
  • Rennes, France, 35000
    • Rennes University Hospital
  • Saint-Brieuc, France, 22027
    • Saint-Brieuc Hospital
  • Saint-Malo, France, 35400
    • Saint-Malo Hospital
  • Toulouse, France, 35059
    • Toulouse University Hospital
  • Tours, France, 37044
    • Tours University Hospital
  • Vannes, France, 56017
    • Vannes Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients (over 18 years old) who gave their signed inform consent,
• Who present an osteo-articular infection with susceptible Staphylococcus spp.,
• To whom a rifampicin based regimen is prescribed, in association with another antibiotic, for at least 14 days,
• Patients covered by Health Insurance.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients weighing less than 45 kg or more than 150 kg,
• Patients with active TB (whatever its localization),
• Patients needing the imperative use of a treatment presenting a contraindication for concomitant use in the SPC of Rimactan®
• Patients with a known and documented rifampicin allergy or severe rifampicin intolerance,
• Patients with galactose intolerance, total lactase deficiency or glucose or galactose malabsorption syndrome, or any other contraindication to the administration of Rimactan® listed in the SPC for Rimactan®
• Pregnant or breastfeeding woman,
• Adults legally protected (under judicial protection, guardianship or supervision), persons deprived of their liberty,
• Patients participating in another interventional clinical trial (biomedical trial or standard care clinical trial).

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Low dose; Patients will be randomly assigned to low dosage (10 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group. Rifampicin treatment will be prescribed in association with another antibiotic chosen by investigator according to the antibiogram results. Association with fluoroquinolones is the first choice combination, if it is possible. The global antibiotic treatment duration depends on the investigator's choice.	Drug: Rifampicin; Patients will be randomly assigned to low dosage (10 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group or high dosage (20 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group. Rifampicin treatment will be prescribed in association with another antibiotic chosen by investigator according to the antibiogram results. Association with fluoroquinolones is the first choice combination, if it is possible. The global antibiotic treatment duration depends on the investigator's choice.; Other Names: RIMACTAN
Active Comparator: High dose; Patients will be randomly assigned to high dosage (20 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group. Rifampicin treatment will be prescribed in association with another antibiotic chosen by investigator according to the antibiogram results. Association with fluoroquinolones is the first choice combination, if it is possible. The global antibiotic treatment duration depends on the investigator's choice.	Drug: Rifampicin; Patients will be randomly assigned to low dosage (10 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group or high dosage (20 mg/kg/j) rifampicin group. Rifampicin treatment will be prescribed in association with another antibiotic chosen by investigator according to the antibiogram results. Association with fluoroquinolones is the first choice combination, if it is possible. The global antibiotic treatment duration depends on the investigator's choice.; Other Names: RIMACTAN

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Proven failure	The rate of proven failure between the two groups, 12 months after the end of antibiotics. The proven failure is defined as a documented bacteriological failure, with the same Staphylococcus spp. strain isolated before the onset of antibiotics and at diagnosis of failure.	12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Possible failure	Possible failure rates: defined as the lack of documented bacteriology and presence of septic clinical manifestations according to French experts recommendations.	12 months
Adverse events	Biological and clinical AEs.	12 weeks
Dose modification	Rifampicin dose modification: each rifampicin dosages change or interruption.	12 weeks
Failure risk factors	Failure risk factors: collected for each patient and include those already known in the literature: bacterial strains type, anatomic site of infection, presence of prosthetic material, duration of infectious signs, waiting period between first infectious signs and medical care, type of surgical intervention (with or without prosthetic material removal), type, duration and administration road of antibiotics treatment, patient's age, concomitant pathologies.	12 months
Global health costs	Global health costs: rhythm of visits defined by investigator site until the end of antibiotic treatment, all additional visit and/or exams or concomitant treatment prescriptions will be collected at each schedule visit, analysed and compared in two groups of rifampicin treatment.	12 weeks
Real antibiotics treatment duration	Real antibiotics treatment duration	12 weeks
Plasma concentration	Rifampicin Pharmacokinetic: it will be studied in a sub-sample of 60 patients (30 in each group) at the onset of rifampicin-based regimen and will estimate rifampicin plasmatic concentration, self-induction mechanism and possible links with ARs or adverse occurrences.	12 hours
Staphylococcus spp. resistance	Analysis of Staphylococcus spp. resistance: in case of proven failure, will compare strains in the same patient and resistant strains incidence into the two groups.	12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Rennes University Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Cédric ARVIEUX, MD, Rennes University Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: January 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 3, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 5, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): November 6, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 23, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 20, 2021
• Last Verified: August 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Infections; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Leprostatic Agents; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inducers; Antitubercular Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers; Rifampin
• Other Study ID Numbers: 35RC14_9741_EVRIOS; 2015-001519-11 (EudraCT Number); 150790A-41 (Other Identifier: ANSM); 15/18-980 (Other Identifier: CPP)