Effect of Rebound Exercise in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

Effect of Rebound Therapy on Metabolic Outcomes and Quality of Life in Nigerian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of rebound exercise (mini trampoline jumping) on metabolic outcomes and quality of life in patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Rebound exercise

Detailed Description

The exercise involved jumping on the mini trampoline with feet slightly apart. Participants stood on the mid portion of the trampoline bed and made repeated up-and-down bouncy movements. Each foot strike equals one step or bounce. With each landing, the mat of the trampoline underwent deformation and the springs released the energy stored in them such that the participant was made to bounce off the mat. Exercise was administered for between 10 - 15 minutes after which a 5-minute period of rest was allowed. A heart rate monitor was used to guide the intensity of the exercise in the moderate range. Each participant accumulated between 20 and 30 minutes of rebound exercise (bouncing on a mini trampoline) per session, administered three times per week for 12 weeks. All data were captured at baseline and at the end of the 12-week intervention period.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 30 years to 60 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 30- to 60-year-old male and female individuals;
• A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes ≤ 5 years;
• Attendance at the Diabetes Outpatient Clinics of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria;
• Self-ambulatory;
• An inactive lifestyle over the last year.

Exclusion Criteria:

• A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes for more than 5 years;
• Hypertension (systolic and diastolic blood pressure more than 140 and 90 mmHg, respectively) or treatment for hypertension;
• Use of insulin therapy
• Lower limb weakness and/or deformities with loss of protective sensation in the feet;
• Back, shoulder or knee problems and/or joint instability;
• History of coronary artery disease, retinopathy and nephropathy;
• Myocardial infarction, cardiac or abdominal surgery within the previous 6 months;
• History of fractures of the spine, hip, knee and/or ankle joints.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Rebound exercise; Repeated jumping on a mini trampoline was performed with feet slightly apart	Other: Rebound exercise; Repeated jumping on a mini trampoline was administered; Other Names: Mini trampoline rebounding
No Intervention: Control; No exercise was administered but participants continued with routine medical care

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Glycated hemoglobin	Glycated hemoglobin was assessed using the mini-column ion-exchange chromatographic method and expressed in percentage	3 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Fasting plasma glucose	Fasting plasma glucose (in molar concentration) was measured by glucose oxidase assay using a glucose analyzer	3 months
Fasting insulin	Fasting insulin (in gravimetric unit) was determined using a commercially available ELISA human insulin kit	3 months
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol	High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (in molar concentration) was enzymatically determined using commercial kits	3 months
Total cholesterol	Total cholesterol (in molar concentration) was enzymatically determined using commercial kits	3 months
Triglycerides	Triglycerides (in molar concentration) were enzymatically determined using commercial kits	3 months
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol	Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (in molar concentration) was estimated using the Friedewald formula.	3 months
Quality of life	The short-form 36 health questionnaire was used to assess participants' quality of life and expressed in percentage	3 months
Body mass	Body mass in kilograms was determined using a calibrated weighing scale	3 months
Height	Height in meters was determined using a stadiometer	3 months
Heart rate	Heart rate was measured in beats per minute using a calibrated electronic device	3 months
Respiratory rate	Respiratory rate (in cycles per minute) was measured by observing and counting the number of times the chest rose in one minute	3 months
Blood pressure	Blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) was measured using a calibrated electronic device	3 months
Maximal oxygen consumption	Maximal oxygen consumption in milliliters per kilogram per minute (ml/kg/min) was obtained from exercise stress testing	3 months
Diabetes-related emotional distress as measured by the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale	Diabetes-related emotional distress was expressed in percentage	3 months
Well-Being as measured by the World Health Organization-Well-Being Index	Participants' well-being was expressed in percentage	3 months
Treatment satisfaction as measured by the World Health Organization-Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire	Score ranges from 0 (very dissatisfied) to 36 (very satisfied)	3 months

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Depressive symptoms as measured by the Beck's Depression Inventory	Score ranges from 0 to 63 with 0 to 13 being minimal and 29 to 63 being severe	3 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of KwaZulu
• Collaborators: Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital
• Investigators: Study Chair: Sonill S Maharaj, PhD, UKZN

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: July 1, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): June 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 17, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 2, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): March 8, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): October 27, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 26, 2016
• Last Verified: February 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
• Other Study ID Numbers: BF389/13

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No
• IPD Plan Description: Data would not be shared